什么？有个 SQL 执行了 8 秒！
哪里出了问题？臣妾不知道啊，得找 DBA 啊。
DBA 人呢？离职了！！擦！！！
程序员在无处寻求帮助时，就得想办法自救，努力让自己变成 "伪 DBA"。
索引
- SQL Server 安装的是什么版本
- Windows 操作系统是什么版本
- SQL Server 是什么时候安装的
- 服务器主机名是什么
- 硬件服务器是谁制造的
- 服务器硬件是什么配置
- 服务器的 CPU 有几个核
- 服务器的 CPU 是什么型号
- SQL Server 启动了哪些服务
- 查看指定服务运行状态
- SQL Server 的 IP 地址信息
- SQL Server 监听了哪些 TCP 端口
- SQL Server 配置项信息
- 当前连接的 Session 有多少
- 每个数据库上的 Session 数量是多少
- 按主机查询 Session 数量
- 哪个 IP 地址上建立的连接最多
- 查看 Table 的基本属性
- 查看 Table 的数据行数
SQL Server 安装的是什么版本
SELECT @@VERSION AS [SQL Server Version];
版本号说明：
缩略语说明：
比如，下面查到的版本号：
- Build Version : 11.00.3153
- File Version : 2011.110.3153.0
Windows 操作系统是什么版本
SELECT windows_release ,windows_service_pack_level ,windows_sku ,os_language_version FROM sys.dm_os_windows_info WITH (NOLOCK) OPTION (RECOMPILE);
其中 windows_release 中的版本号代表着：
其中 windows_sku 代表着：
SQL Server 2008 中没有 sys.dm_os_windows_info，可以使用 @@VERSION 来看了。
SELECT @@VERSION AS [SQL Server Version];
SQL Server 是什么时候安装的
SELECT @@SERVERNAME AS [Server Name] ,create_date AS [SQL Server Install Date] FROM sys.server_principals WITH (NOLOCK) WHERE NAME = N'NT AUTHORITYSYSTEM' OR NAME = N'NT AUTHORITYNETWORK SERVICE' OPTION (RECOMPILE);
服务器主机名是什么
SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('MachineName') AS [MachineName] ,SERVERPROPERTY('ServerName') AS [ServerName] ,SERVERPROPERTY('InstanceName') AS [Instance] ,SERVERPROPERTY('IsClustered') AS [IsClustered] ,SERVERPROPERTY('ComputerNamePhysicalNetBIOS') AS [ComputerNamePhysicalNetBIOS] ,SERVERPROPERTY('Edition') AS [Edition] ,SERVERPROPERTY('ProductLevel') AS [ProductLevel] ,SERVERPROPERTY('ProductVersion') AS [ProductVersion] ,SERVERPROPERTY('ProcessID') AS [ProcessID] ,SERVERPROPERTY('Collation') AS [Collation] ,SERVERPROPERTY('IsFullTextInstalled') AS [IsFullTextInstalled] ,SERVERPROPERTY('IsIntegratedSecurityOnly') AS [IsIntegratedSecurityOnly];
硬件服务器是谁制造的
EXEC xp_readerrorlog 0, 1, N'Manufacturer';
服务器硬件是什么配置
SELECT cpu_count AS [Logical CPU Count] ,scheduler_count ,hyperthread_ratio AS [Hyperthread Ratio] ,cpu_count / hyperthread_ratio AS [Physical CPU Count] ,physical_memory_kb / 1024 AS [Physical Memory (MB)] ,committed_kb / 1024 AS [Committed Memory (MB)] ,committed_target_kb / 1024 AS [Committed Target Memory (MB)] ,max_workers_count AS [Max Workers Count] ,affinity_type_desc AS [Affinity Type] ,sqlserver_start_time AS [SQL Server Start Time] ,virtual_machine_type_desc AS [Virtual Machine Type] FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info WITH (NOLOCK) OPTION (RECOMPILE);
SQL Server 2008 R2 可以使用：
SELECT cpu_count AS [Logical CPU Count] ,hyperthread_ratio AS [Hyperthread Ratio] ,cpu_count / hyperthread_ratio AS [Physical CPU Count] ,physical_memory_in_bytes / 1048576 AS [Physical Memory (MB)] ,sqlserver_start_time ,affinity_type_desc FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info WITH (NOLOCK) OPTION (RECOMPILE);
服务器的 CPU 有几个核
EXEC sys.xp_readerrorlog 0 ,1 ,N'detected' ,N'socket';
服务器的 CPU 是什么型号
EXEC xp_instance_regread N'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE' ,N'HARDWAREDESCRIPTIONSystemCentralProcessor ' ,N'ProcessorNameString';
SQL Server 启动了哪些服务
SELECT servicename ,process_id ,startup_type_desc ,status_desc ,last_startup_time ,service_account ,is_clustered ,cluster_nodename ,[filename] FROM sys.dm_server_services WITH (NOLOCK) OPTION (RECOMPILE);
查看指定服务运行状态
EXEC master.dbo.xp_servicecontrol 'QUERYSTATE' ,'MSSQLServer' EXEC master.dbo.xp_servicecontrol 'QUERYSTATE' ,'SQLServerAgent' EXEC master.dbo.xp_servicecontrol 'QUERYSTATE' ,'SQLBrowser'
SQL Server 的 IP 地址信息
SELECT CONNECTIONPROPERTY('net_transport') AS net_transport ,CONNECTIONPROPERTY('protocol_type') AS protocol_type ,CONNECTIONPROPERTY('auth_scheme') AS auth_scheme ,CONNECTIONPROPERTY('local_net_address') AS local_net_address ,CONNECTIONPROPERTY('local_tcp_port') AS local_tcp_port ,CONNECTIONPROPERTY('client_net_address') AS client_net_address; SELECT SERVERPROPERTY(N'MachineName') AS MachineName;
SQL Server 监听了哪些 TCP 端口
SELECT listener_id ,ip_address ,is_ipv4 ,port ,type_desc ,state_desc ,start_time FROM sys.dm_tcp_listener_states WITH (NOLOCK) ORDER BY listener_id OPTION (RECOMPILE);
SQL Server 配置项信息
SELECT [name] ,value ,value_in_use ,minimum ,maximum ,[description] ,is_dynamic ,is_advanced FROM sys.configurations WITH (NOLOCK) ORDER BY [name] OPTION (RECOMPILE);
通常会关注：
- backup compression default ：通常为 1；
- cost threshold for parallelism
- clr enabled
- lightweight pooling ：通常为 0；
- max degree of parallelism
- max server memory (MB)
- optimize for ad hoc workloads ：通常为 1；
- priority boost ：通常为 0；
当前连接的 Session 有多少
SELECT login_name ,[program_name] ,COUNT(session_id) AS [session_count] FROM sys.dm_exec_sessions WITH (NOLOCK) GROUP BY login_name ,[program_name] ORDER BY COUNT(session_id) DESC OPTION (RECOMPILE);
每个数据库上的 Session 数量是多少
SELECT DB_NAME(dbid) AS DBName ,COUNT(dbid) AS NumberOfConnections ,loginame AS LoginName FROM sys.sysprocesses WHERE dbid > 0 GROUP BY dbid ,loginame ORDER BY 1, 2, 3;
按主机查询 Session 数量
CREATE TABLE #tbl ( spid INT ,ecid INT ,[status] VARCHAR(50) ,loginame VARCHAR(255) ,hostname VARCHAR(255) ,blk VARCHAR(50) ,dbname VARCHAR(255) ,cmd VARCHAR(255) ,request_id VARCHAR(255) ) GO INSERT INTO #tbl EXEC sp_who; SELECT COUNT(0) AS CountByHostName ,hostname FROM #tbl GROUP BY hostname; SELECT COUNT(0) AS CountByDBName ,dbname FROM #tbl GROUP BY dbname; DROP TABLE #tbl GO
哪个 IP 地址上建立的连接最多
SELECT ec.client_net_address ,es.[program_name] ,es.[host_name] ,es.login_name ,COUNT(ec.session_id) AS [connection count] FROM sys.dm_exec_sessions AS es WITH (NOLOCK) INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections AS ec WITH (NOLOCK) ON es.session_id = ec.session_id GROUP BY ec.client_net_address ,es.[program_name] ,es.[host_name] ,es.login_name ORDER BY ec.client_net_address ,es.[program_name] OPTION (RECOMPILE);
查看 Table 的基本属性
SELECT [name] ,create_date ,lock_on_bulk_load ,is_replicated ,has_replication_filter ,is_tracked_by_cdc ,lock_escalation_desc FROM sys.tables WITH (NOLOCK) ORDER BY [name] OPTION (RECOMPILE);
查看 Table 的数据行数
SELECT OBJECT_NAME(object_id) AS [ObjectName] ,SUM(Rows) AS [RowCount] ,data_compression_desc AS [CompressionType] FROM sys.partitions WITH (NOLOCK) WHERE index_id < 2 --ignore the partitions from the non-clustered index if any AND OBJECT_NAME(object_id) NOT LIKE N'sys%' AND OBJECT_NAME(object_id) NOT LIKE N'queue_%' AND OBJECT_NAME(object_id) NOT LIKE N'filestream_tombstone%' AND OBJECT_NAME(object_id) NOT LIKE N'fulltext%' AND OBJECT_NAME(object_id) NOT LIKE N'ifts_comp_fragment%' AND OBJECT_NAME(object_id) NOT LIKE N'filetable_updates%' AND OBJECT_NAME(object_id) NOT LIKE N'xml_index_nodes%' GROUP BY object_id ,data_compression_desc ORDER BY SUM(Rows) DESC OPTION (RECOMPILE);
《人人都是 DBA》系列文章索引：
本系列文章《人人都是 DBA》由 Dennis Gao 发表自博客园，未经作者本人同意禁止任何形式的转载，任何自动或人为的爬虫转载行为均为耍流氓。