多个路由器配置静态路由简单

多个路由器配置静态路由简单
在路由器的配置中管理距离什么意思
```
管理距离
缩写：AD 管理距离是指一种路由协议的路由可信度。每一种路由协议按可靠性从高到低，依次分配一个信任等级，这个信任等级就叫管理距离。
 对于两种不同的路由协议到一个目的地的路由信息，路由器首先根据管理距离决定相信哪一个协议。 AD值越低，则它的优先级越高。 一个管理距离是一个从0——255的整数值，0是最可信赖的，而255则意味着不会有业务量通过这个路由。 直连的AD=0, static 静态的AD=1,EIGRP的AD=90，IGRP的AD=100，OSPF的AD=110,RIP的AD=120.
```
四个路由器，每个路由器就要配三条静态路由ip，以此类推

N=路由器

n-1=每个路由器就要配n-1条静态路由ip

静态IP很好配

1 在各个接口上配置好ip ，然后到配置模式 ip route 网络地址目的地址

例如在route10的机器上配置如下：

        (这个叫网络地址)          (这个叫目的地址，也叫下一跳)

Router(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2

Router(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.1

Router(config)#ip route 192.168.5.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.2

Router(config)#end

Router#write

整个拓扑配置如下

Route10上操作的

Router10>enable

Router10#configure t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router10(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

Router10(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0

Router10(config-if)#no shutdown

Router10(config)#end

Router10#configure

Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router10(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

Router10(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

Router10(config-if)#no shutdown

Router10(config)#end

Router10(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2

Router10(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.1

Router10(config)#ip route 192.168.5.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.2

Router10(config)#end

Router10#write

Route11上操作的

Router11>enable

Router11#configure t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router11(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

Router11(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0

Router11(config-if)#no shutdown

Router11(config-if)#exit

Router11(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

Router11(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0

Router11(config-if)#no shutdown

Router11(config-if)#end

Router11#write

Building configuration...

[OK]

Router11(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1

Router11(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.1

Router11(config)#ip route 192.168.5.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.2

Router11(config)#end

Router11#write

Route12上操作的

Router12>enable

Router12#configure t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router12(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

Router12(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0

Router12(config-if)#no shutdown

Router12(config-if)#exit

Router12(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

Router12(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0

Router12(config-if)#no shutdown

Router12(config-if)#end

Router12#configure t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router12(config)#

Router12(config)#ip route 192.168.5.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.2

Router12(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.2

Router12(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1

Router12(config)#end

Router12#write

Route13上操作的

Router>enable

Router#configure t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.5.254 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1

Router(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.2

Router(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1

Router(config)#end        出错了

Router#write

Building configuration...

[OK]

Router#configure t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#no ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1 删除路由                        所以才会有这条

Router(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1

Router(config)#end

Router#write

Top

NSD NETWORK DAY05
1. 配置静态路由
1 配置静态路由

1.1 问题

路由器可以将不同网段之间的网络连接到一起，当路由器接收到数据包后要查看数据包中的目标IP，再检查自己的路由表，如果路由表中有和目标IP相匹配的路由条目，路由器才能将数据包按照该路由条目所指定的端口转发出去，实现不同网络之间的通信，那么路由器中的路由表是如何实现的呢？配置了路由器接口IP并为UP状态路由表中自动生成直连路由，对于非直连的路由，需通过静态路由管理员手工添加或通过配置动态路自动学习。
- 配置静态路由
- 配置浮动静态路由
- 配置缺省路由
1.2 方案

网络环境及IP地址规划，如图-1所示。

图－１

本例中的配置练习采用思科模拟器 —— Cisco Packet Tracer 6.0，Route采用2621路由器实现。

1.3 步骤

实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

步骤一：配置静态路由

1）R1上配置接口IP
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#no shutdown
2)R2上配置接口IP
R2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R2config-if)#exit

R2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.254 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#no shutdown
3）R1上添加静态路由
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
4）R1上查看路由表
R1#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2 //S表示静态路由
5）R2上添加静态路由
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1
6）R2上查看路由条目
R2#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1 //S表示静态路由

C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
7）配置PC1的IP地址为192.168.1.1，网关为192.168.1.254

8）配置PC2的IP地址为192.168.3.1，网关为192.168.3.254

9）测试网络连通性,PC1 ping 192.168.3.1
PC>ping 192.168.3.1

Pinging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=126

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=126

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=126

Ping statistics for 192.168.3.1:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 11ms, Average = 8ms
步骤二：配置浮动静态路由

1）在以上静态路由实验的基础上，先分别进入R1与R2的特权模式输入write命令保存配置信息，然后分别进入R1与R2的物理配置界面，点击开关按钮关闭路由器，添加NM-1FE-TX模块并再次点击开关按钮，如下图-2所示。

图－2

2）添加模块后将R1的F1/0接口连接到R2的F1/0接口修改拓扑如下图-3所示：

图－3

3）配置R1的F1/0接口IP
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 1/0

R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#no shutdown
4）配置R2的F1/0接口IP
R2(config)#interface fastEthernet 1/0

R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#no shutdown
5）R1上添加静态浮动路由
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.2 50 //管理距离50
6）R2上添加静态浮动路由
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1 50 //管理距离50
7）R1上查看路由表
R1#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2

C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0

R1#show ip rou

R1#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2 //只有下一跳为192.168.2.2的静态路由

C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
8）禁用F/01接口
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

R1(config-if)#shutdown
9)R1上查看路由表
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

S 192.168.3.0/24 [50/0] via 192.168.4.2//下一跳接口为192.168.4.2的路由生效

C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
10）测试网络连通性,PC1 ping 192.168.3.1
PC>ping 192.168.3.1

Pinging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=126

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=126

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126

Ping statistics for 192.168.3.1:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 11ms, Average = 5ms
步骤三：配置缺省路由

1）网络环境及IP地址规划，如图-4所示

图－4

2)R1上配置接口IP
Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#no shutdown
3)R2上配置接口IP
R2(config)#interface f0/1

R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#no shutdown
4)R3上配置接口IP
R3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#no shutdown

R3(config-if)#exit

R3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.254 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#no shutdown
5）R1、R2、R3上分别添加静态路由
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2

R1(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2

R2(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1

R2(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.2

R3(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.1

R3(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.1
6）R1上查看路由表
R1#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2 //静态路由

S 192.168.4.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2 //静态路由
7）R2上查看路由表
R2#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1 //静态路由

C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

S 192.168.4.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.3.2 //静态路由
8）R3上查看路由表
R3#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.3.1 //静态路由

S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.3.1 //静态路由

C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
9）按图-4配置PC的IP地址

10）测试网络连通性,PC1 ping 192.168.2.2、192.168.3.1、192.168.3.2、192.168.4.1
PC>ping 192.168.2.2 //ping 192.168.2.2

Pinging 192.168.2.2 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254

Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254

Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254

Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254

Ping statistics for 192.168.2.2:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

PC>ping 192.168.3.1 //ping 192.168.3.1

Pinging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=254

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254

Ping statistics for 192.168.3.1:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 3ms, Average = 0ms

PC>ping 192.168.3.2 //ping 192.168.3.2

Pinging 192.168.3.2 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.3.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=253

Reply from 192.168.3.2: bytes=32 time=12ms TTL=253

Reply from 192.168.3.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=253

Reply from 192.168.3.2: bytes=32 time=12ms TTL=253

Ping statistics for 192.168.3.2:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 12ms, Average = 6ms

PC>ping 192.168.4.1 //ping 192.168.4.1

Pinging 192.168.4.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.4.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.168.4.1: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.168.4.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.168.4.1: bytes=32 time=22ms TTL=125

Ping statistics for 192.168.4.1:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 22ms, Average = 8ms
11）R1、R3取消静态路由
R1(config)#no ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2

R1(config)#no ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2

R3(config)#no ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.1

R3(config)#no ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.1
12）R1、R3添加默认路由
R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.2

R3(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.1
13）R1上查看路由表
R1#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 192.168.2.2 to network 0.0.0.0

C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2 //默认路由
14）R3上查看路由表
R3#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 192.168.3.1 to network 0.0.0.0

C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.3.1 //默认路由
15）测试网络连通性,PC1 ping 192.168.4.1
PC>ping 192.168.4.1

Pinging 192.168.4.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.4.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.168.4.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.168.4.1: bytes=32 time=14ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.168.4.1: bytes=32 time=14ms TTL=125

Ping statistics for 192.168.4.1:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 14ms, Average = 7ms
如若还不明白就看下面这个
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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/fyy-hhzzj/p/8258836.html

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