Django知识补充之CBV
Django:
url --> def函数 FBV[function based view] 用函数和URL进行匹配
url --> 类 CBV[function based view] 用类和URL进行匹配
POSTMAN插件
http://blog.csdn.net/zzy1078689276/article/details/77528249
基于CBV的登录实例：
settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [ ... 'app01', # 注册app ] STATICFILES_DIRS = (os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "statics"),) # 现添加的配置,这里是元组，注意逗号 TEMPLATES = [ ... 'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')], ]
urls.py
from django.contrib import admin from django.urls import path from django.conf.urls import url, include from app01 import views urlpatterns = [ # 基于CBV的登录 # url(r'^login.html/', views.login), # 原来基于函数 url(r'^login.html/', views.Login.as_view()), # 现在基于类名.as_view() ]
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from app01 import models
# 基于CBV的登录,需要导入views
from django import views
class Login(views.View):
# http_method_names = ['get', 'post', 'put', 'patch', 'delete', 'head', 'options', 'trace']
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
print(request.method, 'GGGGGGGGGGGG')
message = ''
return render(request, 'login.html', {'message': message}) # 这里是网页html
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
print(request.method, 'OOOOOOOOOOOOO')
username = request.POST.get("user")
password = request.POST.get("pass")
print('username: %s, password:%s' % (username, password))
# obj = models.Administrator.objects.filter(username=username, password=password).count()
# if obj: 从数据库内取出数据，进行判断也可以
if username == 'root' and password == 'root':
req = redirect('/index.html/') # 接收redirect对象，# 这里是浏览器路径，伪静态
# req.set_cookie('username', username, max_age=10) # 设置超时时间10s
import datetime
timeout = datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(seconds=10)
req.set_cookie('username', username, max_age=10, expires=timeout)
# IE设置超时时间10s
return req
# return redirect('/index.html') # 与上面3行同，只是添加了Cookie
else:
message = '用户名或密码错误'
return render(request, 'login.html', {'message': message}) # 这里是网页html
templates/login.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
{# 伪静态#}
<form action="/login.html/" method="post">
{% csrf_token %} {# 为跨站请求 #}
<div>
<label for="user">用户名</label>
<input id="user" name="user" type="text">
</div>
<div>
<label for="pass">密 码</label>
<input id="pass" name="pass" type="password">
</div>
<div>
<label></label>
<input value="登录" type="submit">
<span style="color: red">{{ message }}</span>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
templates/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
</head>
<body>
<h2>hello, {{ username }}</h2>
</body>
</html>
页面显示:
CBV基于装饰器的使用<一> ---基于Python旧方法
CBV基于装饰器的使用<一> ---基于Python旧方法
装饰器：函数执行之前/后可以增加扩展功能
有多个方法的时候，必须给每个方法添加装饰器哈
CBV的反射原理
单一装饰器
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from app01 import models
# 基于CBV的登录,需要导入views
from django import views
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator # 导入装饰器
# 基于CBV的装饰器的使用
def outer(func):
def inner(request, *args, **kwargs):
print(request.method)
return func(request, *args, **kwargs)
return inner
class Login(views.View):
# http_method_names = ['get', 'post', 'put', 'patch', 'delete', 'head', 'options', 'trace']
@method_decorator(outer)
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
message = ''
return render(request, 'login.html', {'message': message}) # 这里是网页html
@method_decorator(outer)
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
username = request.POST.get("user")
password = request.POST.get("pass")
print('username: %s, password:%s' % (username, password))
# obj = models.Administrator.objects.filter(username=username, password=password).count()
# if obj: 从数据库内取出数据，进行判断也可以
if username == 'root' and password == 'root':
req = redirect('/index.html/') # 接收redirect对象，# 这里是浏览器路径，伪静态
# req.set_cookie('username', username, max_age=10) # 设置超时时间10s
import datetime
timeout = datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(seconds=10)
req.set_cookie('username', username, max_age=10, expires=timeout)
# IE设置超时时间10s
return req
# return redirect('/index.html') # 与上面3行同，只是添加了Cookie
else:
message = '用户名或密码错误'
return render(request, 'login.html', {'message': message}) # 这里是网页html
CBV基于装饰器的使用<二> --基于Django的dispatch[多个装饰器]
CBV基于装饰器的使用<二> --基于Django的dispatch[多个装饰器]
如果对某一种请求做处理： 单一装饰器
如果对所有的请求做处理： dispatch单一装饰器
添加装饰器有2中方法:
1.类上添加
2.方法上添加
自定义转发dispatch函数
from django import views
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator # 导入装饰器
class Login(views.View):
# http_method_names = ['get', 'post', 'put', 'patch', 'delete', 'head', 'options', 'trace']
# 自定义转发器，URL进来都在此处进行URL转发，我们可以有一些预操作[函数验证可以放此处]
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
print('自定义dispatch: 前')
# if request.method == 'POST':
# return HttpResponse("Good Bye") # 预操作处理
# 请求先到Login的dispatch，然后调用父类的dispatch，返回结果给了obj
obj = super(Login, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs) # 自定义转发且调用父类dispatch
# 将父类的返回结果返回给界面，否则界面报错
print('自定义dispatch: 后')
return obj
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
message = ''
return render(request, 'login.html', {'message': message}) # 这里是网页html
...同上
