• 记我的第二次自动化尝试——selenium+pageobject+pagefactory实现自动化下单、退款、撤销回归测试


    需求:

    系统需要做下单、退款、撤销的回归测试,有下单页面,所以就想到用selenium做WEB UI 自动化

    项目目录结构:

    common包上放通用的工具类方法和浏览器操作方法

    pageobject包放封装好的页面对象,里面包含页面所有可操作的元素和方法

    testcase包放测试用例脚本

    data.properties放需要传入的测试数据

    result.properties放测试执行后的结果

    pom.xml为maven项目的配置文件,解决项目包的依赖问题

    testng.xml为testNG框架的配置文件,控制用例的执行

    下面开始介绍项目实施过程

    1.第一步,新建maven项目,pom.xml文件内容如下

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>elcas</groupId>
        <artifactId>elcas_selenium_pay</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    
        <build>
        <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.6.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.8</source>
                <target>1.8</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        </plugins>
        </build>
        <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <version>2.53.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
                <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
                <version>6.11</version>
                <!--<scope>compile</scope>-->
            </dependency>
            <!--<dependency>-->
                <!--<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>-->
                <!--<artifactId>selenium-server</artifactId>-->
                <!--<version>2.53.1</version>-->
            <!--</dependency>-->
        </dependencies>
    
    </project>

    2.第二步,编写操作浏览器的方法,和可能用到的工具类方法

     1 package common;
     2 
     3 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
     4 import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxBinary;
     5 import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
     6 
     7 import java.io.File;
     8 import java.io.IOException;
     9 
    10 public class OperateBrower {
    11     static WebDriver driver;
    12 public static WebDriver OpenFireFox() throws IOException {
    13     File firefoxFile=new File("D:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\24.0\firefox.exe");
    14     FirefoxBinary binary=new FirefoxBinary(firefoxFile);
    15     driver =new FirefoxDriver(binary,null);
    16     return driver;
    17 }
    18 public static void OpenURL(String url) throws InterruptedException {
    19     driver.get(url);
    20     driver.manage().window().maximize();
    21 //    Thread.sleep(2000);
    22 }
    23 public static void CloseBrower(){
    24     driver.close();
    25 }
    26 
    27 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    28 //    File directory = new File("");// 参数为空
    29 //    String courseFile = directory.getCanonicalPath();
    30 //    System.out.println(courseFile);
    31     OperateBrower.OpenFireFox();
    32     OperateBrower.OpenURL("https://www.baidu.com");
    33     OperateBrower.CloseBrower();
    34 
    35 }
    36 }

     1 package common;
     2 
     3 import java.io.*;
     4 import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
     5 import java.util.Date;
     6 import java.util.Properties;
     7 
     8 public class UtilMethod {
     9     public static String getData(String key){
    10         Properties pro=new Properties();
    11         try {
    12            InputStream inputfile= new FileInputStream("data.properties");
    13             pro.load(new InputStreamReader(inputfile,"utf-8")); 
    14 
    15         } catch (IOException e) {
    16             e.printStackTrace();
    17         }
    18         return pro.getProperty(key);
    19     }
    20     public static void setData(String key,String value,String comments){
    21         Properties pro=new Properties();
    22         try {
    23             FileOutputStream outputfile= new FileOutputStream("result.properties",true);
    24             pro.setProperty(key,value);
    25             pro.store(new OutputStreamWriter(outputfile,"utf-8"),comments);
    26 
    27         } catch (IOException e) {
    28             e.printStackTrace();
    29         }
    30     }
    31     public static String getCurrentDate(){
    32         SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");//设置日期格式
    33 //        System.out.println(df.format(new Date()));// new Date()为获取当前系统时间
    34         return  df.format(new Date());
    35     }
    36     public static void main(String[] args){
    37 //        System.out.println(getData("URL"));
    38         setData("中文","22","test");
    39         setData("121","孩子","test");
    40 //        getCurrentDate();
    41     }
    42 }

    读取和写入properties文件时,一开始中文乱码,需要加上相关的把编码类型变成utf-8的语句

    3.第三步,创建pageobject对象,通过pagefactory中的@FindBy注解和PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);初始化页面控件元素对象,举个例子

    package pageobject;
    
    import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
    import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
    import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;
    import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;
    import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
    import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
    
    public class Pay_page {
        WebDriver driver;
        WebDriverWait wait;
        @FindBy(xpath = "/html/body/div/ul/li[2]/a")
        WebElement tab;
        @FindBy(id="goods")
        WebElement goodsName;
        @FindBy(id="sysmerchantno")
        WebElement merchantNo;
        @FindBy(id="amount")
        WebElement amount;
        @FindBy(id="cardNO")
        WebElement cardNo;
        @FindBy(id="pwd")
        WebElement password;
        @FindBy(id="pay")
        WebElement payButton;
        @FindBy(xpath = "/html/body/div/div[2]/div[7]/div[1]")
        WebElement result;
        @FindBy(xpath = "/html/body/div/div[2]/div[7]/div[2]")
        WebElement orderNo;
    
        public Pay_page(WebDriver driver) {
            this.driver = driver;
            PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);
        }
        public void clickTab(){
            tab.click();
        }
    public void inputGoods(String goodsname){
            goodsName.clear();
            goodsName.sendKeys(goodsname);
    }
        public void inputMerchantNo(String merchantno){
            merchantNo.clear();
            merchantNo.sendKeys(merchantno);
        }
        public void inputAmount(String amountStr){
            amount.clear();
            amount.sendKeys(amountStr);
        }
        public void inputCardNo(String cardno){
            cardNo.clear();
            cardNo.sendKeys(cardno);
        }
        public void inputPassword(String pwd){
            password.clear();
            password.sendKeys(pwd);
        }
        public void clickPay(){
            payButton.click();
        }
        public String getResult(){
            wait=new WebDriverWait(driver,10);
            wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(result));
           return result.getText();
        }
        public String getOrderNo(){
            wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(orderNo));
            String str=orderNo.getText();
            String [] a=str.split(":") ;
            return a[1];
        }
        public void pay(String goods,String merchant,String amount,String cardno,String pwd) throws  Exception{
        clickTab();
        inputGoods(goods);
        inputMerchantNo(merchant);
        inputAmount(amount);
        inputCardNo(cardno);
        inputPassword(pwd);
        clickPay();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        System.out.println("支付结果是:"+getResult()+"
    订单号是:"+getOrderNo());
    
        }
    }

    第四步,编写测试用例脚本

     1 package testcase;
     2 
     3 import common.OperateBrower;
     4 import common.UtilMethod;
     5 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
     6 import org.testng.Assert;
     7 import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
     8 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
     9 import org.testng.annotations.Test;
    10 import pageobject.Pay_page;
    11 
    12 
    13 public class Pay_testcase {
    14     WebDriver driver;
    15     Pay_page payPage;
    16     @BeforeClass
    17     public void setUp() throws Exception {
    18         driver=OperateBrower.OpenFireFox();
    19         OperateBrower.OpenURL(UtilMethod.getData("URL"));
    20     }
    21     @AfterClass
    22     public void tearDown(){
    23         OperateBrower.CloseBrower();
    24     }
    25     @Test
    26     public void testPay()throws Exception{
    27         payPage=new Pay_page(driver);
    28 //        payPage.clickTab();
    29 //        Thread.sleep(2000);
    30         System.out.println("支付用例执行开始");
    31         payPage.pay(UtilMethod.getData("GOODS"),UtilMethod.getData("MERCHANT"),UtilMethod.getData("AMOUNT"),UtilMethod.getData("CARD"),UtilMethod.getData("PASSWORD"));
    32         UtilMethod.setData("支付结果",payPage.getResult()+" "+payPage.getOrderNo(),"result");
    33 //        UtilMethod.setData(+timestamp,payPage.getOrderNo());
    34 //        Thread.sleep(2000);
    35         Assert.assertEquals(payPage.getResult(),"支付成功");
    36         System.out.println("支付用例执行结束");
    37         System.out.println();
    38     }
    39 }

    第五步,准备好测试数据,建好存储结果的文件,使用testng.xml运行测试

    testng.xml文件

     1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
     2 <!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
     3 <suite name="regression">
     4     <test name="all_regression">
     5         <packages><package name="testcase"></package></packages>
     6     </test>
     7     <test name="part_regression">
     8         <classes>
     9             <!--<class name="testcase.Pay_testcase"></class>-->
    10             <!--<class name="testcase.Refund_testcase">-->
    11                 <!--<methods>-->
    12                     <!--<include name="testRefund"></include>-->
    13                 <!--</methods>-->
    14             <!--</class>-->
    15             <!--<class name="testcase.Quash_testcase"></class>-->
    16         </classes>
    17     </test>
    18 </suite>

    data.properties文件

    1 URL=https://手动打码/
    2 AMOUNT=1
    3 GOODS=test
    4 MERCHANT=123
    5 CARD=6255555555555555
    6 PASSWORD=123456

    result.properties文件

    #Thu May 03 15:45:08 CST 2018
    支付结果=支付成功 02000435490503154454

    希望同行们更够给出改进建议,欢迎交流讨论

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/fpzh/p/8986032.html
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