读前参考：《性能测试工具Locust 》
熟悉 Apache ab 工具的同学都知道，它是没有界面的，通过命令行执行。 Locust 同样也提供的命令行运行，好处就是更节省客户端资源。
命令行运行 Locust 测试
以上一节的 baidu 首页测试（load_test.py）为例 通过 no-web 模式运行测试。
> locust -f load_test.py --host=https://www.baidu.com --no-web -c 10 -r 2 -t 1m
[2017-10-30 22:17:30,292] DESKTOP-SMGQBBM/INFO/locust.main: Run time limit set to 60 seconds
[2017-10-30 22:17:30,302] DESKTOP-SMGQBBM/INFO/locust.main: Starting Locust 0.8
[2017-10-30 22:17:30,302] DESKTOP-SMGQBBM/INFO/locust.runners: Hatching and swarming 10 clients at the rate 2 clients/s...
Name # reqs # fails Avg Min Max | Median req/s
....
[2017-10-30 22:18:30,301] DESKTOP-SMGQBBM/INFO/locust.main: Time limit reached. Stopping Locust.
[2017-10-30 22:18:30,302] DESKTOP-SMGQBBM/INFO/locust.main: Shutting down (exit code 0), bye.
Name # reqs # fails Avg Min Max | Median req/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GET / 117 0(0.00%) 31 17 96 | 28 2.10
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 117 0(0.00%) 2.10
Percentage of the requests completed within given times
Name # reqs 50% 66% 75% 80% 90% 95% 98% 99% 100%
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GET / 117 28 30 36 37 49 62 69 72 96
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 117 28 30 36 37 49 62 69 72 96
启动参数：
–no-web 表示不使用Web界面运行测试。
-c 设置虚拟用户数。
-r 设置每秒启动虚拟用户数。
-t 设置设置运行时间。
Locust 参数
打开命令提示符（或Linux终端），输入 locust --help 。
> locust --help
Usage: locust [options] [LocustClass [LocustClass2 ... ]]
Options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-H HOST, --host=HOST Host to load test in the following format:
http://10.21.32.33
--web-host=WEB_HOST Host to bind the web interface to. Defaults to '' (all
interfaces)
-P PORT, --port=PORT, --web-port=PORT
Port on which to run web host
-f LOCUSTFILE, --locustfile=LOCUSTFILE
Python module file to import, e.g. '../other.py'.
Default: locustfile
--csv=CSVFILEBASE, --csv-base-name=CSVFILEBASE
Store current request stats to files in CSV format.
--master Set locust to run in distributed mode with this
process as master
--slave Set locust to run in distributed mode with this
process as slave
--master-host=MASTER_HOST
Host or IP address of locust master for distributed
load testing. Only used when running with --slave.
Defaults to 127.0.0.1.
--master-port=MASTER_PORT
The port to connect to that is used by the locust
master for distributed load testing. Only used when
running with --slave. Defaults to 5557. Note that
slaves will also connect to the master node on this
port + 1.
--master-bind-host=MASTER_BIND_HOST
Interfaces (hostname, ip) that locust master should
bind to. Only used when running with --master.
Defaults to * (all available interfaces).
--master-bind-port=MASTER_BIND_PORT
Port that locust master should bind to. Only used when
running with --master. Defaults to 5557. Note that
Locust will also use this port + 1, so by default the
master node will bind to 5557 and 5558.
--expect-slaves=EXPECT_SLAVES
How many slaves master should expect to connect before
starting the test (only when --no-web used).
--no-web Disable the web interface, and instead start running
the test immediately. Requires -c and -r to be
specified.
-c NUM_CLIENTS, --clients=NUM_CLIENTS
Number of concurrent Locust users. Only used together
with --no-web
-r HATCH_RATE, --hatch-rate=HATCH_RATE
The rate per second in which clients are spawned. Only
used together with --no-web
-t RUN_TIME, --run-time=RUN_TIME
Stop after the specified amount of time, e.g. (300s,
20m, 3h, 1h30m, etc.). Only used together with --no-
web
-L LOGLEVEL, --loglevel=LOGLEVEL
Choose between DEBUG/INFO/WARNING/ERROR/CRITICAL.
Default is INFO.
--logfile=LOGFILE Path to log file. If not set, log will go to
stdout/stderr
--print-stats Print stats in the console
--only-summary Only print the summary stats
--no-reset-stats Do not reset statistics once hatching has been
completed
-l, --list Show list of possible locust classes and exit
--show-task-ratio print table of the locust classes' task execution
ratio
--show-task-ratio-json
print json data of the locust classes' task execution
ratio
-V, --version show program's version number and exit
参数说明：
| 参数 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| -h, –help | 查看帮助 |
| -H HOST, –host=HOST | 指定被测试的主机，采用以格式：http://10.21.32.33 |
| –web-host=WEB_HOST | 指定运行 Locust Web 页面的主机，默认为空 “。 |
| -P PORT, –port=PORT, –web-port=PORT | 指定 –web-host 的端口，默认是8089 |
| -f LOCUSTFILE, –locustfile=LOCUSTFILE | 指定运行 Locust 性能测试文件，默认为: locustfile.py |
| –csv=CSVFILEBASE, –csv-base-name=CSVFILEBASE | 以CSV格式存储当前请求测试数据。 |
| –master | Locust 分布式模式使用，当前节点为 master 节点。 |
| –slave | Locust 分布式模式使用，当前节点为 slave 节点。 |
| –master-host=MASTER_HOST | 分布式模式运行，设置 master 节点的主机或 IP 地址，只在与 –slave 节点一起运行时使用，默认为：127.0.0.1. |
| –master-port=MASTER_PORT | 分布式模式运行， 设置 master 节点的端口号，只在与 –slave 节点一起运行时使用，默认为：5557。注意，slave 节点也将连接到这个端口+1 上的 master 节点。 |
| –master-bind-host=MASTER_BIND_HOST | Interfaces (hostname, ip) that locust master should bind to. Only used when running with –master. Defaults to * (all available interfaces). |
| –master-bind-port=MASTER_BIND_PORT | Port that locust master should bind to. Only used when running with –master. Defaults to 5557. Note that Locust will also use this port + 1, so by default the master node will bind to 5557 and 5558. |
| –expect-slaves=EXPECT_SLAVES | How many slaves master should expect to connect before starting the test (only when –no-web used). |
| –no-web | no-web 模式运行测试，需要 -c 和 -r 配合使用. |
| -c NUM_CLIENTS, –clients=NUM_CLIENTS | 指定并发用户数，作用于 –no-web 模式。 |
| -r HATCH_RATE, –hatch-rate=HATCH_RATE | 指定每秒启动的用户数，作用于 –no-web 模式。 |
| -t RUN_TIME, –run-time=RUN_TIME | 设置运行时间, 例如： (300s, 20m, 3h, 1h30m). 作用于 –no-web 模式。 |
| -L LOGLEVEL, –loglevel=LOGLEVEL | 选择 log 级别（DEBUG/INFO/WARNING/ERROR/CRITICAL）. 默认是 INFO. |
| –logfile=LOGFILE | 日志文件路径。如果没有设置，日志将去 stdout/stderr |
| –print-stats | 在控制台中打印数据 |
| –only-summary | 只打印摘要统计 |
| –no-reset-stats | Do not reset statistics once hatching has been completed。 |
| -l, –list | 显示测试类, 配置 -f 参数使用 |
| –show-task-ratio | 打印 locust 测试类的任务执行比例，配合 -f 参数使用. |
| –show-task-ratio-json | 以 json 格式打印 locust 测试类的任务执行比例，配合 -f 参数使用. |
| -V, –version | 查看当前 Locust 工具的版本. |
个别参数，我没用过，也太清楚其含义，暂时就不翻译了。