题目:
有一个源源不断地吐出整数的数据流,假设你有足够的空间来保存吐出的数,请设计一个名叫MedianHolder的结构,使其能随时取得之前吐出所有数的中位数
思路:
创建两个堆,一个大根堆,一个小根堆,大根堆放较小的一半数,小根堆放较大的一半数。
步骤:
1.第一个数放大根堆
2.新出现的数cur,判断与大根堆堆顶的大小,比它小进大根堆,比它大,进小根堆。
3.使两堆平衡(借助平衡二叉树思想,左右差1),超过1,取堆顶节点扔到对面去
import java.awt.List; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.Comparator; import java.util.PriorityQueue; class MinHeapComparator implements Comparator<Integer> { @Override public int compare(Integer o1, Integer o2) { return o1 - o2; } } class MaxHeapComparator implements Comparator<Integer> { //今天因为o1,o2写反= =检查了好久
@Override public int compare(Integer o1, Integer o2) { return o2 - o1; } } class MedianHolder { PriorityQueue<Integer> maxHeap; PriorityQueue<Integer> minHeap; public MedianHolder() { maxHeap = new PriorityQueue<Integer>(new MaxHeapComparator()); minHeap = new PriorityQueue<Integer>(new MinHeapComparator()); } public void addNumber(Integer num) { if (maxHeap.isEmpty() || num <= maxHeap.peek()) { maxHeap.add(num); } else { minHeap.add(num); } modifyHeap(); } private void modifyHeap() { if (maxHeap.size() > minHeap.size() + 1) { minHeap.add(maxHeap.poll()); } if (minHeap.size() > maxHeap.size() + 1) { maxHeap.add(minHeap.poll()); } } public Integer getMedian() { if (maxHeap == null) { return null; } if (maxHeap.size() == minHeap.size()) { return (maxHeap.peek() + minHeap.peek()) >> 1; } else if (maxHeap.size() > minHeap.size()) { return maxHeap.peek(); } else { return minHeap.peek(); } } } public class Solution { static ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>(); public static Integer getMediaNumber(int num) { list.add(num); Collections.sort(list); int length = list.size(); if(length<2) { return list.get(0); } if(length%2==0) { return (list.get(length>>1)+list.get((length>>1)-1))>>1; }else { return list.get(length>>1); } } public static void main(String[] args) { int arr[] = new int[] { 8, 4, 5, 6, 9, 7, 4, 5, 2, 1, 10 }; MedianHolder m = new MedianHolder(); for (int a : arr) { m.addNumber(a); System.out.print(m.getMedian() + " "); } System.out.println(); for (int a : arr) { System.out.print(getMediaNumber(a) + " "); } } }