• QRCode


    来源:Yi'mouleng(@丶伊眸冷)   

    链接:http://t.cn/R40WxcM

    前言

    有关二维码的介绍,我这里不做过多说明, 可以直接去基维百科查看,附上链接QR code(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QR_code).

    IOS7之前,开发者进行扫码编程时,一般会借助第三方库。常用的是ZBarSDKa和ZXingObjC,IOS7之后,系统的AVMetadataObject类中,为我们提供了解析二维码的接口。经过测试,使用原生API扫描和处理的效率非常高,远远高于第三方库。

    扫描

    官方提供的接口非常简单,直接看代码,主要使用的是AVFoundation。

    @interface ViewController ()AVCaptureMetadataOutputObjectsDelegate>//用于处理采集信息的代理

    {

        AVCaptureSession * session;//输入输出的中间桥梁

    }

    @end

    @implementation ViewController

    - (void)viewDidLoad {

        [super viewDidLoad];

        // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

        //获取摄像设备

        AVCaptureDevice * device = [AVCaptureDevice defaultDeviceWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];

        //创建输入流

        AVCaptureDeviceInput * input = [AVCaptureDeviceInput deviceInputWithDevice:device error:nil];

        if (!input) return;

        //创建输出流

        AVCaptureMetadataOutput * output = [[AVCaptureMetadataOutput alloc]init];

        //设置代理 在主线程里刷新

        [output setMetadataObjectsDelegate:self queue:dispatch_get_main_queue()];

        //设置有效扫描区域

        CGRect scanCrop=[self getScanCrop:_scanWindow.bounds readerViewBounds:self.view.frame];

         output.rectOfInterest = scanCrop;

        //初始化链接对象

        _session = [[AVCaptureSession alloc]init];

        //高质量采集率

        [_session setSessionPreset:AVCaptureSessionPresetHigh];

        

        [_session addInput:input];

        [_session addOutput:output];

        //设置扫码支持的编码格式(如下设置条形码和二维码兼容)

        output.metadataObjectTypes=@[AVMetadataObjectTypeQRCode,AVMetadataObjectTypeEAN13Code, AVMetadataObjectTypeEAN8Code, AVMetadataObjectTypeCode128Code];

        

        AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer * layer = [AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer layerWithSession:_session];

        layer.videoGravity=AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspectFill;

        layer.frame=self.view.layer.bounds;

        [self.view.layer insertSublayer:layer atIndex:0];

        //开始捕获

        [_session startRunning];

    }

    -(void)captureOutput:(AVCaptureOutput *)captureOutput didOutputMetadataObjects:(NSArray *)metadataObjects fromConnection:(AVCaptureConnection *)connection{

        if (metadataObjects.count>0) {

            //[session stopRunning];

            AVMetadataMachineReadableCodeObject * metadataObject = [metadataObjects objectAtIndex : 0 ];

            //输出扫描字符串

            NSLog(@"%@",metadataObject.stringValue);

        }

    }

    一些初始化的代码加上实现代理方法便完成了二维码扫描的工作,这里我们需要注意的是, 在二维码扫描的时候, 我们一般都会在屏幕中间放一个方框,用来显示二维码扫描的大小区间,这里我们在个AVCaptureMetadataOutput类中有一个rectOfInterest属性,它的作用就是设置扫描范围。

    这个CGRect参数和普通的Rect范围不太一样,它的四个值的范围都是0-1,表示比例。
    rectOfInterest都是按照横屏来计算的 所以当竖屏的情况下 x轴和y轴要交换一下。
    宽度和高度设置的情况也是类似。

    我们在上面设置有效扫描区域的方法如下

    #pragma mark-> 获取扫描区域的比例关系

    -(CGRect)getScanCrop:(CGRect)rect readerViewBounds:(CGRect)readerViewBounds

    {

        

        CGFloat x,y,width,height;

        

        x = (CGRectGetHeight(readerViewBounds)-CGRectGetHeight(rect))/2/CGRectGetHeight(readerViewBounds);

        y = (CGRectGetWidth(readerViewBounds)-CGRectGetWidth(rect))/2/CGRectGetWidth(readerViewBounds);

        width = CGRectGetHeight(rect)/CGRectGetHeight(readerViewBounds);

        height = CGRectGetWidth(rect)/CGRectGetWidth(readerViewBounds);

        

        return CGRectMake(x, y, width, height);

        

    }

    读取

    读取主要用到CoreImage 不过要强调的是读取二维码的功能只有在iOS8之后才支持,我们需要在相册中调用一个二维码,将其读取,代码如下

    #pragma mark-> 我的相册

    -(void)myAlbum{

        

        NSLog(@"我的相册");

        if([UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]){

            //1.初始化相册拾取器

            UIImagePickerController *controller = [[UIImagePickerController alloc] init];

            //2.设置代理

            controller.delegate = self;

            //3.设置资源:

            /**

             UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary,相册

             UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,相机

             UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum,照片库

             */

            controller.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum;

            //4.随便给他一个转场动画

            controller.modalTransitionStyle=UIModalTransitionStyleFlipHorizontal;

            [self presentViewController:controller animated:YES completion:NULL];

            

        }else{

            

            UIAlertView * alert = [[UIAlertView alloc]initWithTitle:@"提示" message:@"设备不支持访问相册,请在设置->隐私->照片中进行设置!" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"确定" otherButtonTitles:nil, nil];

            [alert show];

        }

        

    }

    完成相册代理, 我们在代理中添加读取二维码方法

    #pragma mark-> imagePickerController delegate

    - (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary *)info

    {

        //1.获取选择的图片

        UIImage *image = info[UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage];

        //2.初始化一个监测器

        CIDetector*detector = [CIDetector detectorOfType:CIDetectorTypeQRCode context:nil options:@{ CIDetectorAccuracy : CIDetectorAccuracyHigh }];

        

        [picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:^{

            //监测到的结果数组

            NSArray *features = [detector featuresInImage:[CIImage imageWithCGImage:image.CGImage]];

            if (features.count >=1) {

                /**结果对象 */

                CIQRCodeFeature *feature = [features objectAtIndex:0];

                NSString *scannedResult = feature.messageString;

                UIAlertView * alertView = [[UIAlertView alloc]initWithTitle:@"扫描结果" message:scannedResult delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"确定" otherButtonTitles:nil, nil];

                [alertView show];

              

            }

            else{

                UIAlertView * alertView = [[UIAlertView alloc]initWithTitle:@"提示" message:@"该图片没有包含一个二维码!" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"确定" otherButtonTitles:nil, nil];

                [alertView show];

                

            }

            

      

        }];

        

        

    }

    因为没用真机,所以这里没有给出太多的截图, 用模拟器读取自带图片,结果如下

     

    生成

    生成二维码,其实也是用到CoreImage,但是步骤繁琐一些,代码如下

    #pragma mark-> 二维码生成

    -(void)create{

        

        UIImage *image=[UIImage imageNamed:@"6824500_006_thumb.jpg"];

        NSString*tempStr;

        if(self.textField.text.length==0){

            

            tempStr=@"ddddddddd";

            

        }else{

            

            tempStr=self.textField.text;

            

        }

        UIImage*tempImage=[QRCodeGenerator qrImageForString:tempStr imageSize:360 Topimg:image withColor:RandomColor];

        

        _outImageView.image=tempImage;

        

    }

    +(UIImage*)qrImageForString:(NSString *)string imageSize:(CGFloat)size Topimg:(UIImage *)topimg withColor:(UIColor*)color{

        

        if (![string length]) {

            return nil;

        }

        

        QRcode *code = QRcode_encodeString([string UTF8String], 0, QR_ECLEVEL_L, QR_MODE_8, 1);

        if (!code) {

            return nil;

        }

        

        // create context

        CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();

        CGContextRef ctx = CGBitmapContextCreate(0, size, size, 8, size * 4, colorSpace, kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast);

        

        CGAffineTransform translateTransform = CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(0, -size);

        CGAffineTransform scaleTransform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(1, -1);

        CGContextConcatCTM(ctx, CGAffineTransformConcat(translateTransform, scaleTransform));

        

        // draw QR on this context

        [QRCodeGenerator drawQRCode:code context:ctx size:size withPointType:0 withPositionType:0 withColor:color];

        

        // get image

        CGImageRef qrCGImage = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(ctx);

        UIImage * qrImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:qrCGImage];

        

        if(topimg)

        {

            UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(qrImage.size);

            

            //Draw image2

            [qrImage drawInRect:CGRectMake(0, 0, qrImage.size.width, qrImage.size.height)];

            

            //Draw image1

            float r=qrImage.size.width*35/240;

            [topimg drawInRect:CGRectMake((qrImage.size.width-r)/2, (qrImage.size.height-r)/2 ,r, r)];

            qrImage=UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();

            

            UIGraphicsEndImageContext();

        }

        // some releases

        CGContextRelease(ctx);

        CGImageRelease(qrCGImage);

        CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace);

        QRcode_free(code);

        

        return qrImage;

          

    }

    + (void)drawQRCode:(QRcode *)code context:(CGContextRef)ctx size:(CGFloat)size withPointType:(QRPointType)pointType withPositionType:(QRPositionType)positionType withColor:(UIColor *)color {

    unsigned char *data = 0;

    int width;

    data = code->data;

    width = code->width;

    float zoom = (double)size / (code->width + 2.0 * qr_margin);

    CGRect rectDraw = CGRectMake(0, 0, zoom, zoom);

        

    // draw

        const CGFloat *components;

        if (color) {

            components = CGColorGetComponents(color.CGColor);

        }else {

            components = CGColorGetComponents([UIColor blackColor].CGColor);

        }

        CGContextSetRGBFillColor(ctx, components[0], components[1], components[2], 1.0);

        NSLog(@"aad :%f  bbd :%f   ccd:%f",components[0],components[1],components[2]);

    for(int i = 0; i

    for(int j = 0; j

    if(*data & 1) {

    rectDraw.origin = CGPointMake((j + qr_margin) * zoom,(i + qr_margin) * zoom);

                    if (positionType == QRPositionNormal) {

                        switch (pointType) {

                            case QRPointRect:

                                CGContextAddRect(ctx, rectDraw);

                                break;

                            case QRPointRound:

                                CGContextAddEllipseInRect(ctx, rectDraw);

                                break;

                            default:

                                break;

                        }

                    }else if(positionType == QRPositionRound) {

                        switch (pointType) {

                            case QRPointRect:

                                CGContextAddRect(ctx, rectDraw);

                                break;

                            case QRPointRound:

                                if ((i>=0 && i6 && j>=0 && j6) || (i>=0 && i6 && j>=width-7-1 && j-1) || (i>=width-7-1 && i-1 && j>=0 && j6)) {

                                    CGContextAddRect(ctx, rectDraw);

                                }else {

                                    CGContextAddEllipseInRect(ctx, rectDraw);

                                }

                                break;

                            default:

                                break;

                        }

                    }

    }

    ++data;

    }

    }

    CGContextFillPath(ctx);

    }

    在textField输入,生成下图

     

    长按二维码识别

    这个功能有很多的地方在用, 最让人熟知的我想便是微信了,其实实现方法还是很简单的。

     

    我们用刚才生成的二维码进行长按识别,效果如下

     

    结语

    本文demo:https://github.com/yimouleng/GBAliScan

    转自mokey1422所写的仿支付宝二维码。

    系统原生的二维码扫描扫描识别速度,要比第三方好用得多,在没有特殊原因的情况下,比如7.0系统以下,我希望大家都能用系统原生的方法。

    iOS-原生二维码

    http://www.jianshu.com/p/e15ca2799796

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/fengmin/p/5991711.html
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