在有大量事务的数据库中,表和索引随着时间的推移而碎片化。因此,为了增进性能,应该定期检查表和索引的碎片,并对具有大量碎片的进行整理。
1、确定当前数据库中所有需要分析碎片的表。
2、确定所有表和索引的碎片。
3、考虑一下因素以确定需要进行碎片整理的表和索引。
- 高的碎片水平-avg_fragmentation_in_percent大于20%;
- 不是非常小的表或索引-也就是page_count大于8的;
4、整理具有大量碎片的表和索引;
这里给出一个样板SQL存储过程,它执行以下操作;
- 遍历系统上的所有数据库并确认符合碎片条件的每个数据库中表上的索引,并将它们保存到一个临时表中;
- 根据碎片水平,重新整理碎片较少的索引并重建碎片很多的索引。
CREATE PROCEDURE IndexDefrag
AS
DECLARE @DBName NVARCHAR(255)
,@TableName NVARCHAR(255)
,@SchemaName NVARCHAR(255)
,@IndexName NVARCHAR(255)
,@PctFrag DECIMAL
DECLARE @Defrag NVARCHAR(MAX)
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE OBJECT_ID = OBJECT_ID(N'#Frag'))
DROP TABLE #Frag
CREATE TABLE #Frag
(DBName NVARCHAR(255)
,TableName NVARCHAR(255)
,SchemaName NVARCHAR(255)
,IndexName NVARCHAR(255)
,AvgFragment DECIMAL)
EXEC sp_msforeachdb 'INSERT INTO #Frag (
DBName,
TableName,
SchemaName,
IndexName,
AvgFragment
) SELECT ''?'' AS DBName
,t.Name AS TableName
,sc.Name AS SchemaName
,i.name AS IndexName
,s.avg_fragmentation_in_percent
FROM ?.sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(DB_ID(''?''), NULL, NULL,
NULL, ''Sampled'') AS s
JOIN ?.sys.indexes i
ON s.Object_Id = i.Object_id
AND s.Index_id = i.Index_id
JOIN ?.sys.tables t
ON i.Object_id = t.Object_Id
JOIN ?.sys.schemas sc
ON t.schema_id = sc.SCHEMA_ID
WHERE s.avg_fragmentation_in_percent > 20
AND t.TYPE = ''U''
AND s.page_count > 8
ORDER BY TableName,IndexName'
DECLARE cList CURSOR
FOR SELECT * FROM #Frag
OPEN cList
FETCH NEXT FROM cList
INTO @DBName, @TableName,@SchemaName,@IndexName,@PctFrag
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
IF @PctFrag BETWEEN 20.0 AND 40.0
BEGIN
SET @Defrag = N'ALTER INDEX ' + @IndexName + ' ON ' + @DBName + '.' + @SchemaName + '.' + @TableName + ' REORGANIZE'
EXEC sp_executesql @Defrag
PRINT 'Reorganize index: ' + @DBName + '.' + @SchemaName + '.' + @TableName +'.' + @IndexName
END
ELSE IF @PctFrag > 40.0
BEGIN
SET @Defrag = N'ALTER INDEX ' + @IndexName + ' ON ' + @DBName + '.' + @SchemaName + '.' + @TableName + ' REBUILD'
EXEC sp_executesql @Defrag
PRINT 'Rebuild index: '+ @DBName + '.' + @SchemaName + '.' + @TableName +'.' + @IndexName
END
FETCH NEXT FROM cList
INTO @DBName, @TableName,@SchemaName,@IndexName,@PctFrag
END
CLOSE cList
DEALLOCATE