• CSS 伪选择器 focus-within 介绍


    CSS中的 :focus-within 伪选择器可有点“不寻常”,尽管它的名称看上去很简单,而且相当直观。但它的解释是:选择一个包含具有:focus 的任何子元素的元素。有点绕是不是,但仔细读应该也能理解,下面通过具体的例子你就更能理解了。

    form:focus-within {
      background: lightyellow;
    }
    

    它是这样工作的:

    <form action="#">
      <input type="text">
    </form>
    

    当form的子元素input获得焦点时,form 就会被选中。

    我说“不寻常”是因为在CSS中,根据子元素的存在或状态来选择父元素并不常见,当然也是有用的。

    看下面是一个例子:

    <form action="#">
      <h2>这是一个表单</h2>
      <div>
        <label class="desc" id="title1" for="Field1">姓名</label>
        <div>
          <input id="Field1" name="Field1" type="text" class="field text fn" value="" size="8" tabindex="1">
        </div>
      </div>
      <div>
        <label class="desc" id="title3" for="Field3">邮箱</label>
        <div>
          <input id="Field3" name="Field3" type="email" spellcheck="false" value="" maxlength="255" tabindex="3">
       </div>
      </div>
      <div>
        <label class="desc" id="title4" for="Field4">内容</label>
        <div>
          <textarea id="Field4" name="Field4" spellcheck="true" rows="3" cols="50" tabindex="4"></textarea>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div>
        <fieldset>
          <legend id="title5" class="desc">请选择</legend>
          <div>
          	<input id="radioDefault_5" name="Field5" type="hidden" value="">
          	<div>
          		<input id="Field5_0" name="Field5" type="radio" value="First Choice" tabindex="5" checked="checked">
          		<label class="choice" for="Field5_0">First Choice</label>
          	</div>
            <div>
            	<input id="Field5_1" name="Field5" type="radio" value="Second Choice" tabindex="6">
            	<label class="choice" for="Field5_1">Second Choice</label>
            </div>
          </div>
        </fieldset>
      </div>
      <div>
        <fieldset>
          <legend id="title6" class="desc">请选择</legend>
          <div>
          <div>
          	<input id="Field6" name="Field6" type="checkbox" value="First Choice" tabindex="8">
          	<label class="choice" for="Field6">First Choice</label>
          </div>
          <div>
          	<input id="Field7" name="Field7" type="checkbox" value="Second Choice" tabindex="9">
          	<label class="choice" for="Field7">Second Choice</label>
          </div>
        </fieldset>
      </div>
      <div>
        <label class="desc" id="title106" for="Field106">请选择</label>
        <div>
        <select id="Field106" name="Field106" class="field select medium" tabindex="11">
          <option value="First Choice">First Choice</option>
          <option value="Second Choice">Second Choice</option>
        </select>
        </div>
      </div>
    </form>
    
    form:focus-within {
      background: #f9f98b;
    }
    form header {
      padding: 2rem;
    }
    form header div {
      font-size: 90%;
      color: #999;
    }
    form header h2 {
      margin: 0 0 5px 0;
    }
    form > div {
      clear: both;
      overflow: hidden;
      padding: 0.5rem 2rem;
    }
    form > div:last-child {
      padding-bottom: 2rem;
    }
    form > div:focus-within {
      background: #a1c084;
    }
    form > div > fieldset > div > div {
      margin: 0 0 5px 0;
    }
    form > div > label,
    legend {
    	 15%;
      float: left;
      padding-right: 10px;
    }
    form > div > div,
    form > div > fieldset > div {
       85%;
      float: right;
    }
    form > div > fieldset label {
    	font-size: 90%;
    }
    fieldset {
    	border: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }
    
    input[type=text],
    input[type=email],
    input[type=url],
    input[type=password],
    textarea {
    	 100%;
      border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
      border-left: 1px solid #ccc;
      border-right: 1px solid #eee;
      border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
    }
    input[type=text],
    input[type=email],
    input[type=url],
    input[type=password] {
       50%;
    }
    input[type=text]:focus,
    input[type=email]:focus,
    input[type=url]:focus,
    input[type=password]:focus,
    textarea:focus {
      outline: 0;
      border-color: #4697e4;
    }
    

    效果图:

    注意上面的示例在整个表单和其内部的div上使用了:focus-within。子元素通过任意方式获得焦点都将触发:focus-within。例如,如果一个元素有tab-index属性或contenteditable属性时,那么它就是一个可聚焦的元素。元素如何成为焦点也不重要,它可以被点击或轻触,或通过其他方式导航,甚至通过JavaScript聚焦,比如:

    document.querySelector("input").focus();
    

    下面是:focus-within在各大浏览器上的支持情况:

    可见截止目前大部门主流浏览器都已经支持了。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/fehoney/p/12941902.html
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