Redis安装
安装gcc编译器
# yum install gcc
下载redis
# wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.0.7.tar.gz
解压redis
# tar -zxvf redis-3.0.7.tar.gz
编译redis
# cd redis-3.0.7 # make MALLOC=libc
执行完成编译后，会在src目录下生成6个可执行文件，分别是redis-server、redis-cli、redis-benchmark、redis-check-aof、redis-check-dump、redis-sentinel
# find src -executable ! -name "*.*" -type f
安装redis，会将make编译生成的可执行文件拷贝到/usr/local/bin目录下
# make install
运行utils目录下的install_server.sh，该脚本会将redis安装成系统服务，并启动redis
# ./utils/install_server.sh
Redis服务查看、开启、关闭
查看redis进程
# ps aux | grep -v grep | grep redis-server
启动服务
# service redis_6379 start
停止服务
# service redis_6379 stop
连接redis服务
# redis-cli
查看redis相关信息
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> info #查看server版本内存使用连接等信息 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> client list #获取客户连接列表 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> client kill 127.0.0.1:33441 #终止某个客户端连接 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> dbsize #当前保存key的数量 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> save #立即保存数据到硬盘 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> bgsave #异步保存数据到硬盘 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> flushdb #当前库中移除所有key redis 127.0.0.1:6379> flushall #移除所有key从所有库中 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> lastsave #获取上次成功保存到硬盘的unix时间戳 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> monitor #实时监测服务器接收到的请求 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> slowlog len #查询慢查询日志条数 (integer) 3 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> slowlog get #返回所有的慢查询日志，最大值取决于slowlog-max-len配置 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> slowlog get 2 #打印两条慢查询日志 redis 127.0.0.1:6379> slowlog reset #清空慢查询日志信息
优化系统配置
增大文件描述符，支持高并发
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
vm.overcommit_memory = 1
fs.file-max = 100000
net.core.somaxconn = 2048
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 2048
运行如下命令生效
# sysctl -p
# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
* soft nofile 65536 * hard nofile 65536
设置好这些需要重启系统后生效。
redis密码设置
修改redis配置文件，找到requirepass，去掉注释并修改密码
# vi /etc/redis/6379.conf
requirepass Q1w2e3r4
集群中运用加密设置时，还需设置masterauth，不然slave 是无法进行正常复制的
requirepass Q1w2e3r4
masterauth Q1w2e3r4
Sentinel的主从切换方案
部署三台Redis服务器构成一个小的集群，主要有2个目的：
- 高可用性：在主机挂掉后，自动故障转移，使前端服务对用户无影响。
- 读写分离：将主机读压力分流到从机上。
集群方案
整个集群：
1台虚拟机，每台机器上3个instance
Redis Group由一组Redis Instance组成，一组Redis Instatnce有1个Master Instance，2个Slave Instance
Redis端口 Sentinel端口
----------------------- ------------------------
server1: 6379、6380、6381 26379、26380、26381
生成redis instance
server1：运行./utils/install_server.sh，分别生成redis_6379、redis_6380、redis_6381的redis服务
修改/etc/redis/6380.conf、/etc/redis/6381.conf
slaveof 127.0.0.1 6379
重新启动redis_6380、redis_6381服务
# service redis_6380 restart
# service redis_6381 restart
复制redis编译后的目录下的sentinel.conf到redis配置文件目录下
# cp sentinel.conf /etc/redis/sentinel_26379.conf # cp sentinel.conf /etc/redis/sentinel_26380.conf # cp sentinel.conf /etc/redis/sentinel_26381.conf
修改每个sentinel配置文件（端口依次改为26379，26380，26381）
port 26379 daemonize yes pidfile /var/run/sentinel_26379.pid sentinel monitor mymaster 127.0.0.1 6379 2 sentinel down-after-milliseconds mymaster 60000 sentinel failover-timeout mymaster 180000 sentinel parallel-syncs mymaster 1
sentinel monitor <master-name> <ip> <redis-port> <quorum> 设置sentinel监控redis master
创建sentinel启动脚本（/etc/init.d/sentinel_26379、/etc/init.d/sentinel_26380、/etc/init.d/sentinel_26381），注意修改对应端口和文件
#!/bin/sh #Configurations injected by install_sentinel below.... EXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-sentinel CLIEXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-cli PIDFILE=/var/run/sentinel_26379.pid CONF="/etc/redis/sentinel_26379.conf" SENTINELPORT="26379" ############### # SysV Init Information # chkconfig: - 58 74 # description: sentinel_26379 is the sentinel daemon. ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: sentinel_26379 # Required-Start: $network $local_fs $remote_fs # Required-Stop: $network $local_fs $remote_fs # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Should-Start: $syslog $named # Should-Stop: $syslog $named # Short-Description: start and stop sentinel_26379 # Description: Sentinel daemon ### END INIT INFO case "$1" in start) if [ -f $PIDFILE ] then echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed" else echo "Starting Sentinel server..." $EXEC $CONF fi ;; stop) if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ] then echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running" else PID=$(cat $PIDFILE) echo "Stopping ..." $CLIEXEC -p $SENTINELPORT shutdown while [ -x /proc/${PID} ] do echo "Waiting for Sentinel to shutdown ..." sleep 1 done echo "Sentinel stopped" fi ;; status) PID=$(cat $PIDFILE) if [ ! -x /proc/${PID} ] then echo 'Sentinel is not running' else echo "Sentinel is running ($PID)" fi ;; restart) $0 stop $0 start ;; *) echo "Please use start, stop, restart or status as first argument" ;; esac
启动sentinel服务，并设为自启动
# chkconfig sentinel_26379 on
# chkconfig sentinel_26380 on
# chkconfig sentinel_26381 on
# service sentinel_26379 start
# service sentinel_26380 start
# service sentinel_26381 start
查看redis进程
# ps -ef | grep redis
登录sentinel实例
# redis-cli -p 26379
查看masters状态
# sentinel masters
集群方案
整个集群：
2台虚拟机，每台机器上3个instance
Redis端口
--------------------------
server2: 6379，6380，6381
server3: 7379，7380，7381
生成redis instance
server2：运行./utils/install_server.sh，分别生成redis_6379、redis_6380、redis_6381的redis服务
server3：运行./utils/install_server.sh，分别生成redis_7379、redis_7380、redis_7381的redis服务
安装ruby
# yum install ruby
gem源更换国内源
# gem sources --add https://ruby.taobao.org/ --remove https://rubygems.org/ # gem sources -l
安装redis-rb库
# gem install redis
server2：修改/etc/redis/6379.conf、/etc/redis/6380.conf、/etc/redis/6381.conf（nodes-6379.conf中的数字为redis端口号）
appendonly yes cluster-enabled yes cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf cluster-node-timeout 15000
server3：修改/etc/redis/7379.conf，/etc/redis/7380.conf，/etc/redis/7381.conf
appendonly yes cluster-enabled yes cluster-config-file nodes-7379.conf cluster-node-timeout 15000
复制redis编译后的目录下的src/redis-trib.rb脚本到/usr/local/bin
# cp ./src/redis-trib.rb /usr/local/bin/
创建集群
# redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 10.10.10.12:6379 10.10.10.12:6380 10.10.10.12:6381 10.10.10.13:7379 10.10.10.13:7380 10.10.10.13:7381
查看群集状态
# redis-trib.rb check 10.10.10.12:6379
登录集群某个节点
# redis-cli -c -p 6379 -h 10.10.10.12
Redis客户端
https://github.com/caoxinyu/RedisClient