• MySQL高可用性之Keepalived+MySQL(双主热备)


    MySQL双主复制,即互为Master-Slave(只有一个Master提供写操作),可以实现数据库服务器的热备,但是一个Master宕机后不能实现动态切换。而Keepalived通过虚拟IP,实现了双主对外的统一接口以及自动检查、失败切换机制。联合使用,可以实现MySQL数据库的高可用方案。

    环境描述:
    OS:CentOS6.5_X64
    MASTER:192.168.196.133
    BACKUP:192.168.196.134
    VIP:192.168.196.135
    操作系统时间一致更改:
    # date -s "20170707 01:51:42"
    # hwclock --systohc

    1按照之前的文章,搭建双主备机

    2安装keepalived
    [root@backup ~]# yum install -y pcre-devel openssl-devel popt-devel #安装依赖包

    [root@master ~]# wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz 
    [root@master ~]# tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz 
    [root@master ~]# cd keepalived-1.2.7 
    [root@master ~]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived 
    [root@master ~]#make && make install


    3将keepalived配置成系统服务

    [root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/ 
    [root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ 
    [root@master ~]# mkdir /etc/keepalived/ 
    [root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/ 
    [root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/


    4修改配置文件
    [root@master ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf  

    x
     
    1
    ! Configuration File for keepalived
    2
    3
    global_defs {
    4
       notification_email {
    5
         acassen@firewall.loc
    6
         failover@firewall.loc
    7
         sysadmin@firewall.loc
    8
       }
    9
       notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
    10
       smtp_server 192.168.200.1
    11
       smtp_connect_timeout 30
    12
       router_id MYSQL_HA       #标识,双主相同 
    13
    }
    14
    15
    vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    16
        state BACKUP            #两台都设置BACKUP 
    17
        interface eth1
    18
        virtual_router_id 51    #主备相同 
    19
        priority 100            #优先级,backup设置90 
    20
        advert_int 1
    21
        nopreempt                 #不主动抢占资源,只在master这台优先级高的设置,backup不设置 
    22
        authentication {
    23
            auth_type PASS
    24
            auth_pass 1111
    25
        }
    26
        virtual_ipaddress {
    27
            192.168.196.135
    28
        }
    29
    }
    30
    31
    virtual_server 192.168.196.135 3306 {
    32
        delay_loop 2
    33
        #lb_algo rr        #LVS算法,用不到,我们就关闭了 
    34
        #lb_kind NAT        #LVS模式,如果不关闭,备用服务器不能通过VIP连接主MySQL 
    35
        nat_mask 255.255.255.0
    36
        persistence_timeout 50
    37
        protocol TCP
    38
    39
        real_server 192.168.196.133 3306 {      #检测本地mysql,backup也要写检测本地mysql 
    40
            weight 3
    41
            notify_down /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh    #当mysq服down时,执行此脚本,杀死keepalived实现切换 
    42
            TCP_CHECK { 
    43
                    connect_timeout 3    #连接超时 
    44
                    nb_get_retry 3      #重试次数 
    45
                    delay_before_retry 3 #重试间隔时间 
    46
            } 
    47
        }
    48
    }
    [root@master ~]# vi /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh 
        #!/bin/bash
        pkill keepalived
    [root@master ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh 
    [root@master ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start

    #backup服务器只修改priority为90、nopreempt不设置、real_server设置本地IP。

    5授权两台Mysql服务器允许root远程登录,用于在其他服务器登陆测试!
    mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root';
    mysql>flush privileges

    6、测试高可用性

        1、通过Mysql客户端通过VIP连接,看是否连接成功。
        2、停止master这台mysql服务,是否能正常切换过去,可通过ip addr命令来查看VIP在哪台服务器上。


        3、可通过查看/var/log/messges日志,看出主备切换过程
        4、master服务器故障恢复后,是否主动抢占资源,成为活动服务器。



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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/edgedance/p/7140409.html
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