四则运算题目生成程序

这个作业属于哪个课程	计算机18级
这个作业要求在哪里	四则运算题目生成程序
这个作业的目标	学会工程化方法变成及markdown使用方法
学号	3180301230
目录 题目要求 函数说明 分数结构体 找公约数 分数约分 加法 减法 乘法 除法 主函数 运行截图 加法 减法 乘法 除法 小结 源码

题目要求

写一个能自动生成小学四则运算题目的程序，然后在此基础上扩展：

1）除了整数以外，还要支持真分数的四则运算，例如：1/6+1/8=7/24

2）程序要求能处理用户的输入，判断对错，累积分数

3）程序支持可以由用户自行选择加、减、乘、除运算

4）使用-n参数控制生成题目的个数，例如Myapp.exe -n 10，将生成10个题目

函数说明

分数结构体

typedef struct					                              //定义分数结构体
{
	int up, down;
}fraction;

找公约数

int gcd(int a, int b)							      //最大公约数
{
	if (b == 0) return a;                                                 //辗转相除法
	return gcd(b, a % b);
}

分数约分

void yuefen(int &a, int &b,int flag)					      //分数约分，并自动进行输出，用flag标志答案，答案不输出
{
	int d = gcd(abs(a), abs(b));
	a /= d;
	b /= d;
	if (flag == 0) {
		if (b == 1)printf("%d", a);
		else printf("%d/%d", a, b);
	}
}

加法

void add(int num,fraction fraans[],int ans[])					        //加法题目生成及运算
{
	int a, b, up1, down1, up2, down2,flag=0;
	for (int i = 0; i <=num / 2; i++)						//整数部分
	{	
		unsigned int times = (unsigned int)time(0);				//生成随机数
		srand(times * (i + 1));
		a = rand() % 10 + 1;
		b = rand() % 10 + 1;
		ans[i] = a + b;
		printf("%d.%d+%d
", i+1, a, b);					//输出整数题目
	}
	for (int i = num/2+1; i < num; i++)						//分数部分
	{
		unsigned int times = (unsigned int)time(0);
		srand(times * (i + 1));
		up1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		down1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		up2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		down2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		printf("%d.", i + 1);
		yuefen(up1, down1,flag);
		printf("+");
		yuefen(up2, down2,flag);
		printf("
");								//将随机生成的分数进行约分后再输出
		fraans[i].up = up1 * down2 + up2 * down1;				
		fraans[i].down = down1 * down2;
		flag = 1;								//用flag标志答案，对答案不进行输出
		yuefen(fraans[i].up, fraans[i].down,flag);
		flag = 0;
	}
}

减法

void subtract(int num, fraction fraans[], int ans[])			//减法题目生成及运算
{
	int a, b, up1, down1, up2, down2,flag=0;
	for (int i = 0; i <= num / 2; i++)
	{
		unsigned int times = (unsigned int)time(0);
		srand(times * (i + 1));
		a = rand() % 10 + 1;
		b = rand() % 10 + 1;
		ans[i] = a - b;
		printf("%d.%d-%d
", i, a, b);
	}
	for (int i = num / 2 + 1; i < num; i++)
	{
		unsigned int times = (unsigned int)time(0);
		srand(times * (i + 1));
		up1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		down1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		up2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		down2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		printf("%d.", i + 1);
		yuefen(up1, down1, flag);
		printf("-");
		yuefen(up2, down2, flag);
		printf("
");
		fraans[i].up = up1 * down2 - up2 * down1;
		fraans[i].down = down1 * down2;
		flag = 1;
		yuefen(fraans[i].up, fraans[i].down, flag);
		flag = 0;
	}
}

乘法

void multiply(int num, fraction fraans[], int ans[])			//乘法题目生成及运算
{
	int a, b, up1, down1, up2, down2,flag = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i <= num / 2; i++)
	{
		unsigned int times = (unsigned int)time(0);
		srand(times * (i + 1));
		a = rand() % 10 + 1;
		b = rand() % 10 + 1;
		ans[i] = a * b;
		printf("%d.%d*%d
", i+1, a, b);
	}
	for (int i = num / 2 + 1; i < num; i++)
	{
		unsigned int times = (unsigned int)time(0);
		srand(times * (i + 1));
		up1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		down1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		up2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		down2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		printf("%d.", i + 1);
		yuefen(up1, down1, flag);
		printf("*");
		yuefen(up2, down2, flag);
		printf("
");
		fraans[i].up = up1 * up2;
		fraans[i].down = down1 * down2;
		flag = 1;
		yuefen(fraans[i].up, fraans[i].down, flag);
		flag = 0;
	}
}

除法

void divide(int num, fraction fraans[])					
{                                                                        //除法题目生成及运算
	int up1, down1, up2, down2, flag = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
	{
		unsigned int times = (unsigned int)time(0);
		srand(times * (i + 1));
		up1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		down1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		up2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		down2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		printf("%d.(", i + 1);
		yuefen(up1, down1, flag);
		printf(")/(");
		yuefen(up2, down2, flag);
		printf(")
");
		fraans[i].up = up1 * down2;
		fraans[i].down = down1 * up2;
		flag = 1;
		yuefen(fraans[i].up, fraans[i].down, flag);
		flag = 0;
	}
}

主函数

int main()
{
	char f = 'Y';
	while(f!='N'&&f!='n')
	{
		fraction fraans[400], userfraans[400];
		int ans[100] = { 0 }, userans[100] = { 0 };
		int num, symbol, grade = 0;
		printf("四则运算题目生成程序
");
		printf("请选择符号,1,2,3,4对应加减乘除：");
		scanf_s("%d", &symbol);			            //用symbol标志用户选择的符号，1234对应加减乘除；
		printf("请输入题目数量(最少为2，最大100)：");
		scanf_s("%d", &num);
		switch (symbol)														//对应选择不同的算法
		{
		case 1:add(num, fraans, ans); break;
		case 2:subtract(num, fraans, ans); break;
		case 3:multiply(num, fraans, ans); break;
		case 4:divide(num, fraans); break;
		}
		if (symbol != 4)			            //当用户选择的运算不为除法时，分别对整数和分数答案进行保存
		{

			for (int i = 0; i <= num / 2; i++)
			{
				printf("第%d道题的答案为：", i + 1);
				scanf_s("%d", &userans[i]);
			}
			for (int i = num / 2 + 1; i < num; i++)
			{
				printf("第%d道题的答案为：", i + 1);
				if (fraans[i].down == 1)
				{
					scanf_s("%d", &userfraans[i].up);
					userfraans[i].down = 1;
				}
				else
				{
					scanf_s("%d/%d", &userfraans[i].up, &userfraans[i].down);
				}
			}
		}
		else						      //当用户选择为出发时，对用户输入的答案进行保存
		{
			for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
			{
				printf("第%d道题的答案为：", i + 1);
				if (fraans[i].down == 1)
				{
					scanf_s("%d", &userfraans[i].up);
					userfraans[i].down = 1;
				}
				else
				{
					scanf_s("%d/%d", &userfraans[i].up, &userfraans[i].down);
				}
			}
		}
		for (int i = 0; i <= num / 2; i++)			//对用户输入的答案和答案进行对比，如果一致，得分+1
		{
			if (userans[i] == ans[i])grade++;
		}
		for (int i = num / 2 + 1; i < num; i++)
		{
			if (userfraans[i].up == fraans[i].up && userfraans[i].down == fraans[i].down)grade++;
		}
		printf("grade=%d
", grade);
		printf("是否继续做题？(Y/N)");
		cin >> f;
		if (f == 'Y')system("cls");                              //清屏
		else return 0;
	}
}

运行截图

加法

减法

乘法

除法

小结

  代码不算太难，但是第一次完全根据任务计划的表来进行，还是有一些不一样的感觉的，虽然写代码前的准备时间比我以前写要多很多，但是经过仔细思量后写出来这个程序还是蛮轻松的，使用工程化的方法确实有利于工作学习的效率。
  另外我也通过此次机会，学习了markdown的使用方法，个人感觉还挺有趣的，而且非常简便，以后一定会多多利用。

psp	任务内容	计划完成需要的时间（min）	实际完成需要的时间（min）
Planning	计划	5	5
Estimate	估计这个任务需要多少时间，并规划大致工作步骤	10	10
Development	开发	200	180
Analysis	需求分析（包括学习新技术）	20	40
Design Spec	生成设计文档	15	10
Design Review	设计复审	10	15
Coding Standard	代码规范	5	5
Design	具体设计	20	40
Coding	具体编码	200	180
Code Review	代码复审	20	15
Test	测试（自我测试，修改代码，提交修改）	60	60
Reporting	报告	5	5
Test Report	测试报告	5	5
Size Measurement	计算工作量	20	25
Postmortem & Process Improvement Plan	事后总结，并提出过程改进计划	40	90

源码

#include <stdio.h>
#include<iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
typedef struct											//定义分数结构体
{
	int up, down;
}fraction;
int gcd(int a, int b)									//最大公约数
{
	if (b == 0) return a;
	return gcd(b, a % b);
}
void yuefen(int &a, int &b,int flag)					//分数约分，并自动进行输出，用flag标志答案，答案不输出
{
	int d = gcd(abs(a), abs(b));
	a /= d;
	b /= d;
	if (flag == 0) {
		if (b == 1)printf("%d", a);
		else printf("%d/%d", a, b);
	}
}	
void add(int num,fraction fraans[],int ans[])					//加法题目生成及运算
{
	int a, b, up1, down1, up2, down2,flag=0;
	for (int i = 0; i <=num / 2; i++)						//整数部分
	{	
		unsigned int times = (unsigned int)time(0);				//生成随机数
		srand(times * (i + 1));
		a = rand() % 10 + 1;
		b = rand() % 10 + 1;
		ans[i] = a + b;
		printf("%d.%d+%d
", i+1, a, b);						//输出整数题目
	}
	for (int i = num/2+1; i < num; i++)						//分数部分
	{
		unsigned int times = (unsigned int)time(0);
		srand(times * (i + 1));
		up1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		down1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		up2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		down2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		printf("%d.", i + 1);
		yuefen(up1, down1,flag);
		printf("+");
		yuefen(up2, down2,flag);
		printf("
");											//将随机生成的分数进行约分后再输出
		fraans[i].up = up1 * down2 + up2 * down1;				
		fraans[i].down = down1 * down2;
		flag = 1;												//用flag标志答案，对答案不进行输出
		yuefen(fraans[i].up, fraans[i].down,flag);
		flag = 0;
	}
}

void subtract(int num, fraction fraans[], int ans[])			//减法题目生成及运算
{
	int a, b, up1, down1, up2, down2,flag=0;
	for (int i = 0; i <= num / 2; i++)
	{
		unsigned int times = (unsigned int)time(0);
		srand(times * (i + 1));
		a = rand() % 10 + 1;
		b = rand() % 10 + 1;
		ans[i] = a - b;
		printf("%d.%d-%d
", i, a, b);
	}
	for (int i = num / 2 + 1; i < num; i++)
	{
		unsigned int times = (unsigned int)time(0);
		srand(times * (i + 1));
		up1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		down1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		up2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		down2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		printf("%d.", i + 1);
		yuefen(up1, down1, flag);
		printf("-");
		yuefen(up2, down2, flag);
		printf("
");
		fraans[i].up = up1 * down2 - up2 * down1;
		fraans[i].down = down1 * down2;
		flag = 1;
		yuefen(fraans[i].up, fraans[i].down, flag);
		flag = 0;
	}
}

void multiply(int num, fraction fraans[], int ans[])			//乘法题目生成及运算
{
	int a, b, up1, down1, up2, down2,flag = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i <= num / 2; i++)
	{
		unsigned int times = (unsigned int)time(0);
		srand(times * (i + 1));
		a = rand() % 10 + 1;
		b = rand() % 10 + 1;
		ans[i] = a * b;
		printf("%d.%d*%d
", i+1, a, b);
	}
	for (int i = num / 2 + 1; i < num; i++)
	{
		unsigned int times = (unsigned int)time(0);
		srand(times * (i + 1));
		up1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		down1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		up2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		down2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		printf("%d.", i + 1);
		yuefen(up1, down1, flag);
		printf("*");
		yuefen(up2, down2, flag);
		printf("
");
		fraans[i].up = up1 * up2;
		fraans[i].down = down1 * down2;
		flag = 1;
		yuefen(fraans[i].up, fraans[i].down, flag);
		flag = 0;
	}
}

void divide(int num, fraction fraans[])						//除法题目生成及运算
{
	int up1, down1, up2, down2, flag = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
	{
		unsigned int times = (unsigned int)time(0);
		srand(times * (i + 1));
		up1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		down1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		up2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		down2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
		printf("%d. ", i + 1);
		yuefen(up1, down1, flag);
		printf(" / ");
		yuefen(up2, down2, flag);
		printf(" 
");
		fraans[i].up = up1 * down2;
		fraans[i].down = down1 * up2;
		flag = 1;
		yuefen(fraans[i].up, fraans[i].down, flag);
		flag = 0;
	}
}

int main()
{
	char f = 'Y';
	while(f!='N'&&f!='n')
	{
		fraction fraans[400], userfraans[400];
		int ans[100] = { 0 }, userans[100] = { 0 };
		int num, symbol, grade = 0;
		printf("四则运算题目生成程序
");
		printf("请选择符号,1,2,3,4对应加减乘除：");
		scanf_s("%d", &symbol);												//用symbol标志用户选择的符号，1234对应加减乘除；
		printf("请输入题目数量(最少为2，最大100)：");
		scanf_s("%d", &num);
		switch (symbol)														//对应选择不同的算法
		{
		case 1:add(num, fraans, ans); break;
		case 2:subtract(num, fraans, ans); break;
		case 3:multiply(num, fraans, ans); break;
		case 4:divide(num, fraans); break;
		}
		if (symbol != 4)													//当用户选择的运算不为除法时，分别对整数和分数答案进行保存
		{

			for (int i = 0; i <= num / 2; i++)
			{
				printf("第%d道题的答案为：", i + 1);
				scanf_s("%d", &userans[i]);
			}
			for (int i = num / 2 + 1; i < num; i++)
			{
				printf("第%d道题的答案为：", i + 1);
				if (fraans[i].down == 1)
				{
					scanf_s("%d", &userfraans[i].up);
					userfraans[i].down = 1;
				}
				else
				{
					scanf_s("%d/%d", &userfraans[i].up, &userfraans[i].down);
				}
			}
		}
		else																//当用户选择为出发时，对用户输入的答案进行保存
		{
			for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
			{
				printf("第%d道题的答案为：", i + 1);
				if (fraans[i].down == 1)
				{
					scanf_s("%d", &userfraans[i].up);
					userfraans[i].down = 1;
				}
				else
				{
					scanf_s("%d/%d", &userfraans[i].up, &userfraans[i].down);
				}
			}
		}
		for (int i = 0; i <= num / 2; i++)									//对用户输入的答案和答案进行对比，如果一致，得分+1
		{
			if (userans[i] == ans[i])grade++;
		}
		for (int i = num / 2 + 1; i < num; i++)
		{
			if (userfraans[i].up == fraans[i].up && userfraans[i].down == fraans[i].down)grade++;
		}
		printf("grade=%d
", grade);
		printf("是否继续做题？(Y/N)");
		cin >> f;
		if (f != 'N' && f != 'n')system("cls");
		else return 0;
	}
}