• 第一个Netty程序


    netty就是一个高性能的NIO框架,用于java网络编程。下面说说思路:

    服务端:

    开启通道、设置网络通信方式、设置端口、设置接收请求的handler、绑定通道、最后关闭

    客户端:

    开启通道、设置网络通信方式、设置服务器ip和端口、设置处理数据的handler、连接服务器、最后关闭。

    pom.xml引用如下:

    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
        <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
        <version>4.1.28.Final</version>
    </dependency>

    服务端总共两个类,EchoServer.java和EchoServerHandler.java。

    EchoServer.java

    package cn.enjoyedu.ch02.echo;
    
    import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
    import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
    import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
    import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
    import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
    import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
    import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
    
    import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
    
    /** * 
     * 创建日期:2018/08/25
     * 类说明:
     */
    public class EchoServer  {
    
        private final int port;
    
        public EchoServer(int port) {
            this.port = port;
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
            int port = 9999;
            EchoServer echoServer = new EchoServer(port);
            System.out.println("服务器即将启动");
            echoServer.start();
            System.out.println("服务器关闭");
        }
    
        public void start() throws InterruptedException {
            final EchoServerHandler serverHandler = new EchoServerHandler();
            /*线程组*/
            EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
            try {
                ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();/*服务端启动必备*/
                b.group(group)
                        /*指明使用NIO进行网络通讯*/
                .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                        /*指明服务器监听端口*/
                        .localAddress(new InetSocketAddress(port))
                        /*接收到连接请求,新启一个socket通信,也就是channel,每个channel
                        * 有自己的事件的handler*/
                        .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                            @Override
                            protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                                ch.pipeline().addLast(new EchoServerHandler());
                            }
                        });
                ChannelFuture f = b.bind().sync();/*绑定到端口,阻塞等待直到连接完成*/
                /*阻塞,直到channel关闭*/
                f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
            } finally {
                group.shutdownGracefully().sync();
            }
        }
    
    
    }
    View Code

    EchoServerHandler.java

    package cn.enjoyedu.ch02.echo;
    
    import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
    import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
    import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
    import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler;
    import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
    import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
    import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
    
    /**
     * 创建日期:2018/08/25
     * 类说明:自己的业务处理
     */
    /*指明我这个handler可以在多个channel之间共享,意味这个实现必须线程安全的。*/
    @ChannelHandler.Sharable
    public class EchoServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
    
        /*** 服务端读取到网络数据后的处理*/
        @Override
        public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg)
                throws Exception {
            ByteBuf in = (ByteBuf)msg;/*netty实现的缓冲区*/
            System.out.println("Server Accept:"+in.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
            ctx.write(in);
        }
    
        /*** 服务端读取完成网络数据后的处理*/
        @Override
        public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx)
                throws Exception {
            ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.EMPTY_BUFFER)/*flush掉所有的数据*/
                    .addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);/*当flush完成后,关闭连接*/
        }
    
        /*** 发生异常后的处理*/
        @Override
        public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause)
                throws Exception {
            cause.printStackTrace();
            ctx.close();
        }
    }
    View Code

    客户端总共两个类,EchoClient.java和EchoClientHandler.java

    EchoClient.java

    package cn.enjoyedu.ch02.echo;
    
    import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
    import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
    import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
    import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
    import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
    
    import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
    
    /**
     * 创建日期:2018/08/26
     * 类说明:netty的客户端
     */
    public class EchoClient {
    
        private final int port;
        private final String host;
    
        public EchoClient(int port, String host) {
            this.port = port;
            this.host = host;
        }
    
        public void start() throws InterruptedException {
            EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();/*线程组*/
            try {
                Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();/*客户端启动必备*/
                b.group(group)
                    .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)/*指明使用NIO进行网络通讯*/
                    .remoteAddress(new InetSocketAddress(host,port))/*配置远程服务器的地址*/
                    .handler(new EchoClientHandler());
                ChannelFuture f = b.connect().sync();/*连接到远程节点,阻塞等待直到连接完成*/
                /*阻塞,直到channel关闭*/
                f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
            } finally {
                group.shutdownGracefully().sync();
            }
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
            new EchoClient(9999,"127.0.0.1").start();
        }
    }
    View Code

    EchoClientHandler.java

    package cn.enjoyedu.ch02.echo;
    
    import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
    import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
    import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
    import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
    import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
    
    /**
     * 创建日期:2018/08/26
     * 类说明:
     */
    public class EchoClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<ByteBuf> {
    
        /*客户端读取到数据后干什么*/
        @Override
        protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ByteBuf msg)
                throws Exception {
            System.out.println("Client accetp:"+msg.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        }
    
        /*客户端被通知channel活跃以后,做事*/
        @Override
        public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
            //往服务器写数据
            ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("Hello,Netty",
                    CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        }
    
        @Override
        public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause)
                throws Exception {
            cause.printStackTrace();
            ctx.close();
        }
    
    }
    View Code

    代码里面也有具体的注释。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/duanjt/p/9773414.html
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