Java RSA分段加密

我们通过Java进行RSA加密的时候，可能会出现如下问题：

/**
     * 私钥加密
     *
     * @param data 待加密数据
     * @param key  密钥
     * @return byte[] 加密数据
     */
    public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, byte[] key) throws Exception {
        String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA";

        // 取得私钥
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(key);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        // 生成私钥
        PrivateKey privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
        // 数据加密
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
        return cipher.doFinal(data);
    }

那么要怎么解决呢，就是分段加密，代码如下：

package cn.gdsoft;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.*;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;

public class RSAUtils {
    /** */
    /**
     * 加密算法RSA
     */
    public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA";

    /** */
    /**
     * 签名算法
     */
    public static final String SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM = "MD5withRSA";

    /** */
    /**
     * 获取公钥的key
     */
    private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "RSAPublicKey";

    /** */
    /**
     * 获取私钥的key
     */
    private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "RSAPrivateKey";

    /** */
    /**
     * RSA最大加密明文大小
     */
    private static final int MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK = 117;

    /** */
    /**
     * RSA最大解密密文大小
     */
    private static final int MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK = 128;

    /** */
    /**
     * <p>
     * 生成密钥对(公钥和私钥)
     * </p>
     * 
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static Map<String, Object> genKeyPair() throws Exception {
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        keyPairGen.initialize(1024);
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
        RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
        RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
        Map<String, Object> keyMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(2);
        keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKey);
        keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKey);
        return keyMap;
    }

    /** */
    /**
     * <p>
     * 用私钥对信息生成数字签名
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param data       已加密数据
     * @param privateKey 私钥(BASE64编码)
     * 
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String sign(byte[] data, String privateKey) throws Exception {
        byte[] keyBytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(privateKey);
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        PrivateKey privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
        Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
        signature.initSign(privateK);
        signature.update(data);
        return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(signature.sign());
    }

    /** */
    /**
     * <p>
     * 校验数字签名
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param data      已加密数据
     * @param publicKey 公钥(BASE64编码)
     * @param sign      数字签名
     * 
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     * 
     */
    public static boolean verify(byte[] data, String publicKey, String sign) throws Exception {
        byte[] keyBytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(publicKey);
        X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        PublicKey publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
        Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
        signature.initVerify(publicK);
        signature.update(data);
        return signature.verify(Base64.getDecoder().decode(sign));
    }

    /** */
    /**
     * <P>
     * 私钥解密
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param encryptedData 已加密数据
     * @param privateKey    私钥(BASE64编码)
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] encryptedData, String privateKey) throws Exception {
        byte[] keyBytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(privateKey);
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        Key privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateK);
        int inputLen = encryptedData.length;
        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int offSet = 0;
        byte[] cache;
        int i = 0;
        // 对数据分段解密
        while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
            if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK) {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK);
            } else {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
            }
            out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
            i++;
            offSet = i * MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK;
        }
        byte[] decryptedData = out.toByteArray();
        out.close();
        return decryptedData;
    }

    /** */
    /**
     * <p>
     * 公钥解密
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param encryptedData 已加密数据
     * @param publicKey     公钥(BASE64编码)
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] encryptedData, String publicKey) throws Exception {
        byte[] keyBytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(publicKey);
        X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        Key publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicK);
        int inputLen = encryptedData.length;
        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int offSet = 0;
        byte[] cache;
        int i = 0;
        // 对数据分段解密
        while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
            if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK) {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK);
            } else {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
            }
            out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
            i++;
            offSet = i * MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK;
        }
        byte[] decryptedData = out.toByteArray();
        out.close();
        return decryptedData;
    }

    /** */
    /**
     * <p>
     * 公钥加密
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param data      源数据
     * @param publicKey 公钥(BASE64编码)
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String publicKey) throws Exception {
        byte[] keyBytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(publicKey);
        X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        Key publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
        // 对数据加密
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicK);
        int inputLen = data.length;
        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int offSet = 0;
        byte[] cache;
        int i = 0;
        // 对数据分段加密
        while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
            if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK) {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK);
            } else {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
            }
            out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
            i++;
            offSet = i * MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK;
        }
        byte[] encryptedData = out.toByteArray();
        out.close();
        return encryptedData;
    }

    /** */
    /**
     * <p>
     * 私钥加密
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param data       源数据
     * @param privateKey 私钥(BASE64编码)
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String privateKey) throws Exception {
        byte[] keyBytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(privateKey);
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        Key privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateK);
        int inputLen = data.length;
        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int offSet = 0;
        byte[] cache;
        int i = 0;
        // 对数据分段加密
        while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
            if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK) {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK);
            } else {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
            }
            out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
            i++;
            offSet = i * MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK;
        }
        byte[] encryptedData = out.toByteArray();
        out.close();
        return encryptedData;
    }

    /** */
    /**
     * <p>
     * 获取私钥
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param keyMap 密钥对
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String getPrivateKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap) throws Exception {
        Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PRIVATE_KEY);
        return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(key.getEncoded());
    }

    /** */
    /**
     * <p>
     * 获取公钥
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param keyMap 密钥对
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String getPublicKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap) throws Exception {
        Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PUBLIC_KEY);
        return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(key.getEncoded());
    }

}

主方法的代码如下：

public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, Exception {
    // 私钥
    String privateKey = "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";
    String content = "try { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(qxdm)) { return Content(new ResponseData(false, "请确保参数[qxdm]存在不为空").ToString()); } if (pageSize <= 0) { return Content(new ResponseData(false, "请确保参数[pageSize]存在且大于0").ToString()); } if (pageIndex <= 0) { return Content(new ResponseData(false, "请确保参数[pageIndex]存在且大于0").ToString()); }  var dic = new YwlbWatchBLL().GetTimeoutList(qxdm, pageIndex, pageSize); var res = new ResponseData(true, "", dic); return Content(res.ToString());" ;
    
    byte[] res = RSAUtils.encryptByPrivateKey(content.getBytes("utf-8"), privateKey);
    
    System.out.println("加密后的数据是:");
    System.out.println(Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(res));
}

这样就可以实现RSA超过117byte长度的数据加密了