quartz 使用总结

quartz是一个任务调度框架，具体的用途比如说，我想我的程序在每天的3点干什么事，每隔多长时间做一件什么事。quartz框架就可以完美地解决这些。

1.xml配置方式

首先我是用spring来管理的的项目的，所以我直接在spring的配置文件中配置我的任务即可！（我是用的quartz2.2.1版本），需要俩包，quartz的包，和slf4j-api-1.7.25.jar

废话不多述，直接上代码

<bean id="job_1" class="com.yiwei.mytask.Job1" />
<bean id="job1"
        class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
        <property name="targetObject" ref="job_1" />
        <property name="targetMethod" value="doJob1" />
        <property name="concurrent" value="false" />
</bean>
<!-- 调度触发器 -->
    <bean id="cronTrigger1" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">
        <property name="jobDetail" ref="job1" />  
        <property name="cronExpression" value="0/5 * * * * ?" />
</bean> 
<!-- 调度工厂 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
        <property name="triggers">
            <list>
                <!-- 触发器列表 -->
                <ref bean="cronTrigger1" />
                
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>  

第一个bean 中的id =“job_1” 是指这个任务的执行类，然后调度任务时候，必须把触发器的id写到ref中去。才能完成调用。

然而，用这种方式写，又一个很大的弊端，就是不够灵活。接下来介绍数据库方式持久化。

2.数据库方式

在 /docs/dbTables 目录下存放了几乎所有数据库的的SQL脚本，这里的 是解压 Quartz 分发包后的目录。我们使用常用oracle数据库，下面是示例sql脚本代码

--
-- A hint submitted by a user: Oracle DB MUST be created as "shared" and the 
-- job_queue_processes parameter  must be greater than 2
-- However, these settings are pretty much standard after any
-- Oracle install, so most users need not worry about this.
--
-- Many other users (including the primary author of Quartz) have had success
-- runing in dedicated mode, so only consider the above as a hint ;-)
--

delete from qrtz_fired_triggers;
delete from qrtz_simple_triggers;
delete from qrtz_simprop_triggers;
delete from qrtz_cron_triggers;
delete from qrtz_blob_triggers;
delete from qrtz_triggers;
delete from qrtz_job_details;
delete from qrtz_calendars;
delete from qrtz_paused_trigger_grps;
delete from qrtz_locks;
delete from qrtz_scheduler_state;

drop table qrtz_calendars;
drop table qrtz_fired_triggers;
drop table qrtz_blob_triggers;
drop table qrtz_cron_triggers;
drop table qrtz_simple_triggers;
drop table qrtz_simprop_triggers;
drop table qrtz_triggers;
drop table qrtz_job_details;
drop table qrtz_paused_trigger_grps;
drop table qrtz_locks;
drop table qrtz_scheduler_state;


CREATE TABLE qrtz_job_details
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR2(120) NOT NULL,
    JOB_NAME  VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL,
    JOB_GROUP VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL,
    DESCRIPTION VARCHAR2(250) NULL,
    JOB_CLASS_NAME   VARCHAR2(250) NOT NULL, 
    IS_DURABLE VARCHAR2(1) NOT NULL,
    IS_NONCONCURRENT VARCHAR2(1) NOT NULL,
    IS_UPDATE_DATA VARCHAR2(1) NOT NULL,
    REQUESTS_RECOVERY VARCHAR2(1) NOT NULL,
    JOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
    CONSTRAINT QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS_PK PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP)
);
CREATE TABLE qrtz_triggers
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR2(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL,
    JOB_NAME  VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL, 
    JOB_GROUP VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL,
    DESCRIPTION VARCHAR2(250) NULL,
    NEXT_FIRE_TIME NUMBER(13) NULL,
    PREV_FIRE_TIME NUMBER(13) NULL,
    PRIORITY NUMBER(13) NULL,
    TRIGGER_STATE VARCHAR2(16) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_TYPE VARCHAR2(8) NOT NULL,
    START_TIME NUMBER(13) NOT NULL,
    END_TIME NUMBER(13) NULL,
    CALENDAR_NAME VARCHAR2(200) NULL,
    MISFIRE_INSTR NUMBER(2) NULL,
    JOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
    CONSTRAINT QRTZ_TRIGGERS_PK PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
    CONSTRAINT QRTZ_TRIGGER_TO_JOBS_FK FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP) 
      REFERENCES QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS(SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP) 
);
CREATE TABLE qrtz_simple_triggers
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR2(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL,
    REPEAT_COUNT NUMBER(7) NOT NULL,
    REPEAT_INTERVAL NUMBER(12) NOT NULL,
    TIMES_TRIGGERED NUMBER(10) NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIG_PK PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
    CONSTRAINT QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIG_TO_TRIG_FK FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP) 
    REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);
CREATE TABLE qrtz_cron_triggers
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR2(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL,
    CRON_EXPRESSION VARCHAR2(120) NOT NULL,
    TIME_ZONE_ID VARCHAR2(80),
    CONSTRAINT QRTZ_CRON_TRIG_PK PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
    CONSTRAINT QRTZ_CRON_TRIG_TO_TRIG_FK FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP) 
      REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);
CREATE TABLE qrtz_simprop_triggers
  (          
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR2(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL,
    STR_PROP_1 VARCHAR2(512) NULL,
    STR_PROP_2 VARCHAR2(512) NULL,
    STR_PROP_3 VARCHAR2(512) NULL,
    INT_PROP_1 NUMBER(10) NULL,
    INT_PROP_2 NUMBER(10) NULL,
    LONG_PROP_1 NUMBER(13) NULL,
    LONG_PROP_2 NUMBER(13) NULL,
    DEC_PROP_1 NUMERIC(13,4) NULL,
    DEC_PROP_2 NUMERIC(13,4) NULL,
    BOOL_PROP_1 VARCHAR2(1) NULL,
    BOOL_PROP_2 VARCHAR2(1) NULL,
    CONSTRAINT QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIG_PK PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
    CONSTRAINT QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIG_TO_TRIG_FK FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP) 
      REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);
CREATE TABLE qrtz_blob_triggers
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR2(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL,
    BLOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
    CONSTRAINT QRTZ_BLOB_TRIG_PK PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
    CONSTRAINT QRTZ_BLOB_TRIG_TO_TRIG_FK FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP) 
        REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);
CREATE TABLE qrtz_calendars
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR2(120) NOT NULL,
    CALENDAR_NAME  VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL, 
    CALENDAR BLOB NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT QRTZ_CALENDARS_PK PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,CALENDAR_NAME)
);
CREATE TABLE qrtz_paused_trigger_grps
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR2(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP  VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL, 
    CONSTRAINT QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIG_GRPS_PK PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);
CREATE TABLE qrtz_fired_triggers 
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR2(120) NOT NULL,
    ENTRY_ID VARCHAR2(95) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL,
    INSTANCE_NAME VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL,
    FIRED_TIME NUMBER(13) NOT NULL,
    SCHED_TIME NUMBER(13) NOT NULL,
    PRIORITY NUMBER(13) NOT NULL,
    STATE VARCHAR2(16) NOT NULL,
    JOB_NAME VARCHAR2(200) NULL,
    JOB_GROUP VARCHAR2(200) NULL,
    IS_NONCONCURRENT VARCHAR2(1) NULL,
    REQUESTS_RECOVERY VARCHAR2(1) NULL,
    CONSTRAINT QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGER_PK PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,ENTRY_ID)
);
CREATE TABLE qrtz_scheduler_state 
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR2(120) NOT NULL,
    INSTANCE_NAME VARCHAR2(200) NOT NULL,
    LAST_CHECKIN_TIME NUMBER(13) NOT NULL,
    CHECKIN_INTERVAL NUMBER(13) NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE_PK PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,INSTANCE_NAME)
);
CREATE TABLE qrtz_locks
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR2(120) NOT NULL,
    LOCK_NAME  VARCHAR2(40) NOT NULL, 
    CONSTRAINT QRTZ_LOCKS_PK PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,LOCK_NAME)
);

create index idx_qrtz_j_req_recovery on qrtz_job_details(SCHED_NAME,REQUESTS_RECOVERY);
create index idx_qrtz_j_grp on qrtz_job_details(SCHED_NAME,JOB_GROUP);

create index idx_qrtz_t_j on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP);
create index idx_qrtz_t_jg on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,JOB_GROUP);
create index idx_qrtz_t_c on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,CALENDAR_NAME);
create index idx_qrtz_t_g on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP);
create index idx_qrtz_t_state on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_STATE);
create index idx_qrtz_t_n_state on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP,TRIGGER_STATE);
create index idx_qrtz_t_n_g_state on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP,TRIGGER_STATE);
create index idx_qrtz_t_next_fire_time on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,NEXT_FIRE_TIME);
create index idx_qrtz_t_nft_st on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_STATE,NEXT_FIRE_TIME);
create index idx_qrtz_t_nft_misfire on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,MISFIRE_INSTR,NEXT_FIRE_TIME);
create index idx_qrtz_t_nft_st_misfire on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,MISFIRE_INSTR,NEXT_FIRE_TIME,TRIGGER_STATE);
create index idx_qrtz_t_nft_st_misfire_grp on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,MISFIRE_INSTR,NEXT_FIRE_TIME,TRIGGER_GROUP,TRIGGER_STATE);

create index idx_qrtz_ft_trig_inst_name on qrtz_fired_triggers(SCHED_NAME,INSTANCE_NAME);
create index idx_qrtz_ft_inst_job_req_rcvry on qrtz_fired_triggers(SCHED_NAME,INSTANCE_NAME,REQUESTS_RECOVERY);
create index idx_qrtz_ft_j_g on qrtz_fired_triggers(SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP);
create index idx_qrtz_ft_jg on qrtz_fired_triggers(SCHED_NAME,JOB_GROUP);
create index idx_qrtz_ft_t_g on qrtz_fired_triggers(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP);
create index idx_qrtz_ft_tg on qrtz_fired_triggers(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP);

其中各表的含义如下所示：

表名	描述
QRTZ_CALENDARS	以 Blob 类型存储 Quartz 的 Calendar 信息
QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS	存储 Cron Trigger，包括 Cron 表达式和时区信息
QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS	存储与已触发的 Trigger 相关的状态信息，以及相联 Job 的执行信息
QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS	存储已暂停的 Trigger 组的信息
QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE	存储少量的有关 Scheduler 的状态信息，和别的 Scheduler 实例(假如是用于一个集群中)
QRTZ_LOCKS	存储程序的非观锁的信息(假如使用了悲观锁)
QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS	存储每一个已配置的 Job 的详细信息
QRTZ_JOB_LISTENERS	存储有关已配置的 JobListener 的信息
QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS	存储简单的 Trigger，包括重复次数，间隔，以及已触的次数
QRTZ_BLOG_TRIGGERS Trigger	作为 Blob 类型存储(用于 Quartz 用户用 JDBC 创建他们自己定制的 Trigger 类型，JobStore 并不知道如何存储实例的时候)
QRTZ_TRIGGER_LISTENERS	存储已配置的 TriggerListener 的信息
QRTZ_TRIGGERS	存储已配置的 Trigger 的信息

2.我的一个quartz.properties属性文件配置实例：

org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName = MyScheduler
org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 3
org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX
org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.oracle.OracleDelegate
org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix = QRTZ_
org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource = myDS

org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.driver = oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.URL = jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe 
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.user = wanan
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.password = wanan
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.maxConnections =10

3.然后进行我们的增删改，以及启动，运行 操作

添加一个调度任务

//添加定时任务
    @Override
    public int addjobgroup(QuartzJob quartzjob,Class<T> entity) throws Exception {
        JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob((Class<? extends Job>) entity)
                .withIdentity(quartzjob.getJob_name(), quartzjob.getJob_group())
                .withDescription(quartzjob.getDescription())
                .build();
        //表达式调度构建器
        CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(quartzjob.getCron_expression());
        CronTrigger cronTrigger = (CronTrigger) TriggerBuilder
                .newTrigger()
                .withIdentity(quartzjob.getTrigger_name())
                .withSchedule(scheduleBuilder)
                .startNow()
                .build();

        //创建scheduler
        SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
        Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, cronTrigger);
        scheduler.start();
        return 1;
    }

删除一个调度任务

//删除定时任务
    @Override
    public int deljobgroup(String trigger_name) {
        SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
        TriggerKey triggerkey = new TriggerKey(trigger_name);
        try {
            Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
            scheduler.unscheduleJob(triggerkey);// 移除触发器    
        } catch (SchedulerException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return 1;
    }

暂停一个任务

//暂停某任务
    @Override
    public int pauseTrigger(String triggerName) {
        SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
        TriggerKey triggerkey = new TriggerKey(triggerName);
        try {
            Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
            scheduler.pauseTrigger(triggerkey); // 暂停任务
        } catch (SchedulerException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return 1;
    }

重新启动某任务

//重新开始某任务
	@Override
	public int resumeTriggers(String triggerName) {
		SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
		TriggerKey triggerkey = new TriggerKey(triggerName);
	try {
			Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
			scheduler.resumeTrigger(triggerkey); // 重新开始某任务
		} catch (SchedulerException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return 1;
	}

　　更新某任务比较简单，即先删除此任务，再重新添加。