二进制编译安装nginx并加入systemctl管理服务

一、安装nginx所需环境

# yum install gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel -y

二、安装nginx

① 下载nginx

# wget -c https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz

② 解压

# tar -zxvf nginx-1.17.0.tar.gz
# cd nginx-1.17.0

 ③ 使用默认配置

# ./configure

④ 编译、安装

# make
# make install

⑤ 启动nginx

# cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
# ./nginx 

其它命令
# ./nginx -s stop
# ./nginx -s quit
# ./nginx -s reload

三、加入systemctl管理服务

1、 进入到  /usr/lib/systemd/system 目录下，编辑文件 nginx.service

# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
# vi nginx.service

2、在nginx.service文件中加入以下代码

[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
  
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit
PrivateTmp=true
  
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

参数说明：

注意：[Service]的启动、重启、停止命令全部要求使用绝对路径

[Unit]:服务的说明
Description:描述服务
After:描述服务类别
[Service]服务运行参数的设置
Type=forking是后台运行的形式
ExecStart为服务的具体运行命令
ExecReload为重启命令
ExecStop为停止命令
PrivateTmp=True表示给服务分配独立的临时空间
[Install]运行级别下服务安装的相关设置，可设置为多用户，即系统运行级别为3

3、设置开机启动

# systemctl enable nginx.service

4、取消开机自启动

# systemctl disable nginx.service

5、其他命令

启动nginx服务

# systemctl start nginx.service　

查看服务当前状态

# systemctl status nginx

[root@localhost system]# systemctl status nginx
● nginx.service - The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2019-03-23 07:08:49 CST; 7s ago
  Process: 18942 ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 18943 (nginx)
   CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
           ├─18943 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
           └─18944 nginx: worker process

Mar 23 07:08:49 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server...
Mar 23 07:08:49 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server.

停止nginx服务

# systemctl stop nginx

重新启动服务

# systemctl restart nginx

查看所有已启动的服务

# systemctl list-units --type=service

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl list-units --type=service
UNIT                               LOAD   ACTIVE SUB     DESCRIPTION
auditd.service                     loaded active running Security Auditing Service
crond.service                      loaded active running Command Scheduler
dbus.service                       loaded active running D-Bus System Message Bus
getty@tty1.service                 loaded active running Getty on tty1
kdump.service                      loaded active exited  Crash recovery kernel arming
kmod-static-nodes.service          loaded active exited  Create list of required static device nodes for the current kernel
lvm2-lvmetad.service               loaded active running LVM2 metadata daemon
lvm2-monitor.service               loaded active exited  Monitoring of LVM2 mirrors, snapshots etc. using dmeventd or progress polling
lvm2-pvscan@8:2.service            loaded active exited  LVM2 PV scan on device 8:2
mariadb.service                    loaded active running MariaDB database server
network.service                    loaded active exited  LSB: Bring up/down networking
NetworkManager.service             loaded active running Network Manager
nginx.service                      loaded active running The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
polkit.service                     loaded active running Authorization Manager
postfix.service                    loaded active running Postfix Mail Transport Agent
rhel-dmesg.service                 loaded active exited  Dump dmesg to /var/log/dmesg
rhel-import-state.service          loaded active exited  Import network configuration from initramfs
rhel-readonly.service              loaded active exited  Configure read-only root support
rsyslog.service                    loaded active running System Logging Service
sshd.service                       loaded active running OpenSSH server daemon
systemd-journal-flush.service      loaded active exited  Flush Journal to Persistent Storage
systemd-journald.service           loaded active running Journal Service
systemd-logind.service             loaded active running Login Service
systemd-random-seed.service        loaded active exited  Load/Save Random Seed
systemd-remount-fs.service         loaded active exited  Remount Root and Kernel File Systems
systemd-sysctl.service             loaded active exited  Apply Kernel Variables
systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service loaded active exited  Create Static Device Nodes in /dev
systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service     loaded active exited  Create Volatile Files and Directories
systemd-udev-trigger.service       loaded active exited  udev Coldplug all Devices
systemd-udevd.service              loaded active running udev Kernel Device Manager
systemd-update-utmp.service        loaded active exited  Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown
systemd-user-sessions.service      loaded active exited  Permit User Sessions
systemd-vconsole-setup.service     loaded active exited  Setup Virtual Console
tuned.service                      loaded active running Dynamic System Tuning Daemon
wpa_supplicant.service             loaded active running WPA Supplicant daemon

LOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.
ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.
SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.

35 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too.
To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
[root@localhost ~]#

参考博客：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36441027/article/details/80636526