卸载老版本的MySQL。查找并删除mysql有关的文件
# find / -name mysql
# rm -rf /usr/lib64/mysql /usr/share/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# find / -name mysql /usr/lib64/mysql /usr/share/mysql [root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /usr/lib64/mysql /usr/share/mysql [root@localhost ~]#
上传mysql安装包并解压
# tar -zxf mysql-5.6.43-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg mysql-5.6.43-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# tar -zxf mysql-5.6.43-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg mysql-5.6.43-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz mysql-5.6.43-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
选择安装位置并重命名
mv mysql-5.6.43-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/mysql-5.6.43
[root@localhost ~]# mv mysql-5.6.43-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/mysql-5.6.43 [root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg mysql-5.6.43-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/ bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec local mysql-5.6.43 sbin share src tmp
添加用户组和用户
# groupadd mysql
# useradd mysql -g mysql
# groups mysql
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql [root@localhost ~]# useradd mysql -g mysql [root@localhost ~]# groups mysql mysql : mysql
更改MySQL目录权限，进入mysql目录
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/mysql-5.6.43/ [root@localhost mysql-5.6.43]# [root@localhost mysql-5.6.43]# ls bin COPYING data docs include lib man mysql-test README scripts share sql-bench support-files [root@localhost mysql-5.6.43]# [root@localhost mysql-5.6.43]# pwd /usr/mysql-5.6.43 [root@localhost mysql-5.6.43]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/mysql-5.6.43 [root@localhost mysql-5.6.43]# ll total 52 drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 4096 May 22 19:20 bin -rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 17987 Dec 21 15:46 COPYING drwxr-xr-x. 3 mysql mysql 17 May 22 19:20 data drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 52 May 22 19:20 docs drwxr-xr-x. 3 mysql mysql 4096 May 22 19:20 include drwxr-xr-x. 3 mysql mysql 4096 May 22 19:20 lib drwxr-xr-x. 4 mysql mysql 28 May 22 19:20 man drwxr-xr-x. 10 mysql mysql 4096 May 22 19:20 mysql-test -rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 2496 Dec 21 15:46 README drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 29 May 22 19:20 scripts drwxr-xr-x. 28 mysql mysql 4096 May 22 19:20 share drwxr-xr-x. 4 mysql mysql 4096 May 22 19:20 sql-bench drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 4096 May 22 19:20 support-files
安装相关的包
# yum install perl perl-devel autoconf -y
Installed: perl-devel.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 Dependency Installed: gdbm-devel.x86_64 0:1.10-8.el7 libdb-devel.x86_64 0:5.3.21-24.el7 perl-ExtUtils-Install.noarch 0:1.58-294.el7_6 perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker.noarch 0:6.68-3.el7 perl-ExtUtils-Manifest.noarch 0:1.61-244.el7 perl-ExtUtils-ParseXS.noarch 1:3.18-3.el7 pyparsing.noarch 0:1.5.6-9.el7 systemtap-sdt-devel.x86_64 0:3.3-3.el7 Updated: perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 Dependency Updated: libdb.x86_64 0:5.3.21-24.el7 libdb-utils.x86_64 0:5.3.21-24.el7 perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 Complete!
数据库初始化
# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/mysql-5.6.43/ --datadir=/usr/mysql-5.6.43/data/ --user=mysql
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/mysql-5.6.43/ [root@localhost mysql-5.6.43]# [root@localhost mysql-5.6.43]# [root@localhost mysql-5.6.43]# ls bin COPYING data docs include lib man mysql-test README scripts share sql-bench support-files [root@localhost mysql-5.6.43]# [root@localhost mysql-5.6.43]# [root@localhost mysql-5.6.43]# cd scripts/ [root@localhost scripts]# [root@localhost scripts]# [root@localhost scripts]# ls mysql_install_db [root@localhost scripts]# [root@localhost scripts]# [root@localhost scripts]# ll total 36 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql 34558 Dec 21 16:10 mysql_install_db [root@localhost scripts]# [root@localhost scripts]# [root@localhost scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/mysql-5.6.43/ --datadir=/usr/mysql-5.6.43/data/ --user=mysql Installing MySQL system tables...2019-05-24 20:01:00 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2019-05-24 20:01:00 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap. 2019-05-24 20:01:00 0 [Note] /usr/mysql-5.6.43//bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.43) starting as process 7286 ... 2019-05-24 20:01:00 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages 2019-05-24 20:01:00 7286 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 2019-05-24 20:01:00 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 2019-05-24 20:01:00 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used 2019-05-24 20:01:00 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11 2019-05-24 20:01:00 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 2019-05-24 20:01:00 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions 2019-05-24 20:01:01 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 2019-05-24 20:01:01 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 2019-05-24 20:01:01 7286 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created! 2019-05-24 20:01:01 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB 2019-05-24 20:01:01 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait... 2019-05-24 20:01:01 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB 2019-05-24 20:01:02 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB 2019-05-24 20:01:05 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0 2019-05-24 20:01:05 7286 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781 2019-05-24 20:01:05 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new 2019-05-24 20:01:05 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created 2019-05-24 20:01:05 7286 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active. 2019-05-24 20:01:05 7286 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables. 2019-05-24 20:01:06 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created 2019-05-24 20:01:06 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables. 2019-05-24 20:01:06 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created. 2019-05-24 20:01:06 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start 2019-05-24 20:01:06 7286 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.43 started; log sequence number 0 2019-05-24 20:01:06 7286 [Note] Binlog end 2019-05-24 20:01:06 7286 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting. 2019-05-24 20:01:06 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 2019-05-24 20:01:08 7286 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977 OK Filling help tables...2019-05-24 20:01:08 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2019-05-24 20:01:08 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap. 2019-05-24 20:01:08 0 [Note] /usr/mysql-5.6.43//bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.43) starting as process 7327 ... 2019-05-24 20:01:08 7327 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages 2019-05-24 20:01:08 7327 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 2019-05-24 20:01:08 7327 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 2019-05-24 20:01:08 7327 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used 2019-05-24 20:01:08 7327 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11 2019-05-24 20:01:08 7327 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 2019-05-24 20:01:08 7327 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions 2019-05-24 20:01:08 7327 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 2019-05-24 20:01:08 7327 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 2019-05-24 20:01:08 7327 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda. 2019-05-24 20:01:08 7327 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active. 2019-05-24 20:01:08 7327 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start 2019-05-24 20:01:08 7327 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.43 started; log sequence number 1625977 2019-05-24 20:01:08 7327 [Note] Binlog end 2019-05-24 20:01:08 7327 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting. 2019-05-24 20:01:08 7327 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 2019-05-24 20:01:10 7327 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987 OK To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: /usr/mysql-5.6.43//bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' /usr/mysql-5.6.43//bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password 'new-password' Alternatively you can run: /usr/mysql-5.6.43//bin/mysql_secure_installation which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the manual for more instructions. You can start the MySQL daemon with: cd . ; /usr/mysql-5.6.43//bin/mysqld_safe & You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/ The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at http://www.mysql.com Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com New default config file was created as /usr/mysql-5.6.43//my.cnf and will be used by default by the server when you start it. You may edit this file to change server settings WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system This file will be read by default by the MySQL server If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the --defaults-file argument to mysqld_safe when starting the server
拷贝 my-default.cnf到/etc/my.cnf
# cd ../support-files/
# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost scripts]# cd ../support-files/ [root@localhost support-files]# [root@localhost support-files]# ls binary-configure magic my-default.cnf mysqld_multi.server mysql-log-rotate mysql.server [root@localhost support-files]# [root@localhost support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf cp: overwrite ‘/etc/my.cnf’? yes [root@localhost support-files]#
向/etc/init.d中添加mysql的启动服务
init.d目录包含许多系统各种服务的启动和停止脚本。
[root@localhost support-files]# pwd /usr/mysql-5.6.43/support-files [root@localhost support-files]# ls binary-configure magic my-default.cnf mysqld_multi.server mysql-log-rotate mysql.server [root@localhost support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@localhost support-files]#
修改/etc/init.d/mysqld权限
# cd /etc/init.d/
# chmod 755 mysqld
[root@localhost support-files]# cd /etc/init.d/ [root@localhost init.d]# [root@localhost init.d]# ls functions mysqld netconsole network README [root@localhost init.d]# [root@localhost init.d]# chmod -R 755 mysqld [root@localhost init.d]# [root@localhost init.d]# ll total 44 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 13948 Sep 16 2015 functions -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 10565 May 24 20:14 mysqld -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2989 Sep 16 2015 netconsole -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 6630 Sep 16 2015 network -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1160 Nov 20 2015 README
修改/etc/init.d/mysqld
# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld
配置环境变量
将MySQL配置到环境变量中，这样就可以在任何地方用mysql命令了
# vi /etc/profile
在最后添加
#mysql export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/mysql-5.6.43 #PATH export PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$PATH
执行如下指令，使上述配置立即生效
# source /etc/profile
启动MySQL
# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/mysql-5.6.43/data/localhost.localdomain.err'. ................... SUCCESS!
查看err的信息
# cd /usr/mysql-5.6.43/data/
# cat localhost.localdomain.err
[root@localhost data]# cd /usr/mysql-5.6.43/data/ [root@localhost data]# [root@localhost data]# [root@localhost data]# ls auto.cnf ibdata1 ib_logfile0 ib_logfile1 localhost.localdomain.err localhost.localdomain.pid mysql performance_schema test [root@localhost data]# [root@localhost data]# cat localhost.localdomain.err 2019-05-24 20:37:02 7566 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. 2019-05-24 20:37:02 7566 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages 2019-05-24 20:37:02 7566 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 2019-05-24 20:37:02 7566 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 2019-05-24 20:37:02 7566 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used 2019-05-24 20:37:02 7566 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11 2019-05-24 20:37:02 7566 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 2019-05-24 20:37:02 7566 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions 2019-05-24 20:37:02 7566 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 2019-05-24 20:37:02 7566 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 2019-05-24 20:37:03 7566 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda. 2019-05-24 20:37:04 7566 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active. 2019-05-24 20:37:04 7566 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start 2019-05-24 20:37:04 7566 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.43 started; log sequence number 1625987 2019-05-24 20:37:04 7566 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: a27e1f65-7e20-11e9-9950-000c294cff47. 2019-05-24 20:37:04 7566 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 3306 2019-05-24 20:37:04 7566 [Note] IPv6 is available. 2019-05-24 20:37:04 7566 [Note] - '::' resolves to '::'; 2019-05-24 20:37:04 7566 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'. 2019-05-24 20:37:04 7566 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events 2019-05-24 20:37:04 7566 [Note] /usr/mysql-5.6.43/bin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '5.6.43' socket: '/tmp/mysql.sock' port: 3306 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
修改/etc/my.cnf
# vi /etc/my.cnf
添加federated
# For advice on how to change settings please see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html # *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the # *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you # *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL. [mysqld] federated # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%. # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging # changes to the binary log between backups. # log_bin # These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required. # basedir = ..... # datadir = ..... # port = ..... # server_id = ..... # socket = ..... # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers. # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs. # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values. # join_buffer_size = 128M # sort_buffer_size = 2M # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
再次重新启动
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! [root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start Starting MySQL... SUCCESS! [root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# ps -aux | grep mysqld root 7664 0.0 0.0 113248 1612 pts/0 S 20:46 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/mysql-5.6.43/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/mysql-5.6.43/data --pid-file=/usr/mysql-5.6.43/data/localhost.localdomain.pid mysql 7785 9.6 24.2 1302684 453160 pts/0 Sl 20:46 0:02 /usr/mysql-5.6.43/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/mysql-5.6.43 --datadir=/usr/mysql-5.6.43/data --plugin-dir=/usr/mysql-5.6.43/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=localhost.localdomain.err --pid-file=/usr/mysql-5.6.43/data/localhost.localdomain.pid root 7813 0.0 0.0 112644 952 pts/0 S+ 20:46 0:00 grep --color=auto mysqld
登陆MySQL数据库
# mysql -uroot -p
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.6.43 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; +------+-----------------------+----------+ | user | host | password | +------+-----------------------+----------+ | root | localhost | | | root | localhost.localdomain | | | root | 127.0.0.1 | | | root | ::1 | | | | localhost | | | | localhost.localdomain | | +------+-----------------------+----------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
授权并设置root密码
mysql> update mysql.user set password=password('000000') where user='root' and host='localhost';
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '000000';
mysql> update mysql.user set password=password('000000') where user='root' and host='localhost'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; +------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+ | user | host | password | +------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+ | root | localhost | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | root | localhost.localdomain | | | root | 127.0.0.1 | | | root | ::1 | | | | localhost | | | | localhost.localdomain | | +------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '000000'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; +------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+ | user | host | password | +------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+ | root | localhost | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | | root | localhost.localdomain | | | root | 127.0.0.1 | | | root | ::1 | | | | localhost | | | | localhost.localdomain | | | root | % | *032197AE5731D4664921A6CCAC7CFCE6A0698693 | +------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
关闭防火墙客户端连接
参考博客
https://www.cnblogs.com/dengshihuang/p/8029092.html
https://blog.csdn.net/qiushisoftware/article/details/86617699
Linux--Linux服务器数据库MySQL5.6.43版本安装过程说明（阿里云服务器）
https://blog.csdn.net/fumushan/article/details/87073240
阿里云CentOS安装mysql-5.6.43
https://blog.csdn.net/qiushisoftware/article/details/86617699