来自单元测试学习文档
为什么要进行单元测试
重用测试,应付将来的实现的变化。
提高士气,明确知道我的东西是没问题的。
JUnit4 HelloWorld
- new project
- 建立类
- 建立testcase
- assertThat
- 使用hamcrest的匹配方法
放弃旧的断言,使用hamcrest断言
a) 更自然
- 示例
a) assertThat( n, allOf( greaterThan(1), lessThan(15) ) );
assertThat( n, anyOf( greaterThan(16), lessThan(8) ) );
assertThat( n, anything() );
assertThat( str, is( "bjsxt" ) );
assertThat( str, not( "bjxxt" ) );
b) assertThat( str, containsString( "bjsxt" ) );
assertThat( str, endsWith("bjsxt" ) );
assertThat( str, startsWith( "bjsxt" ) );
assertThat( n, equalTo( nExpected ) );
assertThat( str, equalToIgnoringCase( "bjsxt" ) );
assertThat( str, equalToIgnoringWhiteSpace( "bjsxt" ) );
c) assertThat( d, closeTo( 3.0, 0.3 ) );
assertThat( d, greaterThan(3.0) );
assertThat( d, lessThan (10.0) );
assertThat( d, greaterThanOrEqualTo (5.0) );
assertThat( d, lessThanOrEqualTo (16.0) );
d) assertThat( map, hasEntry( "bjsxt", "bjsxt" ) );
assertThat( iterable, hasItem ( "bjsxt" ) );
assertThat( map, hasKey ( "bjsxt" ) );
assertThat( map, hasValue ( "bjsxt" ) );
Failure和Error
- Failure是指测试失败
- Error是指测试程序本身出错
- @Test: 测试方法
JUnit4 Annotation
a) (expected=XXException.class)
b) (timeout=xxx)
- @Ignore: 被忽略的测试方法
- @Before: 每一个测试方法之前运行
- @After: 每一个测试方法之后运行
- @BeforeClass: 所有测试开始之前运行
- @AfterClass: 所有测试结束之后运行
- 遵守约定,比如:
运行多个测试
注意
a) 类放在test包中
b) 类名用XXXTest结尾
c) 方法用testMethod命名
其他框架
TestNG