PowerMock+SpringMVC整合并测试Controller层方法

PowerMock扩展自Mockito，实现了Mockito不支持的模拟形式的单元测试。PowerMock实现了对静态方法、构造函数、私有方法以及final方法的模拟支持，对静态初始化过程的移除等强大的功能。（官方）

接下来，通过实例来实现对SpringMVC的Controller层的方法模拟测试。

一、maven引入PowerMock相应的Jar文件

<dependency>  
  <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>  
  <artifactId>powermock-api-mockito</artifactId>  
  <version>1.6.5</version>  
</dependency>  
  
<dependency>  
  <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>  
  <artifactId>powermock-module-junit4</artifactId>  
  <version>1.6.5</version>  
</dependency>  	

二、单元测试基类

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;  
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PowerMockIgnore;  
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner;  
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunnerDelegate;  
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;  
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;  
import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration;  
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;  
  
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)  //使用PowerMockRunner运行时  
@PowerMockRunnerDelegate(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)  //委派给SpringJUnit4ClassRunner  
@ContextConfiguration (locations={"classpath:META-INF/app_config/context/context-*.xml"}) //加载配置文件  
@Transactional  
@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager = "transactionManager", defaultRollback = true)  
@PowerMockIgnore({"javax.management.*"}) //忽略一些mock异常  
public class BaseJunit4 {  
      
}  

@PowerMockRunnerDelegate(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class):PowerMock与Spring整合时最重要的配置

@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager="transactionManager",defaultRollback =true): 这里的事务关联到项目的配置文件中的事务控制器（"transactionManager"），同时指定事物自动回滚（defaultRollback= true），以此对数据库不会产生数据污染。

三、单元测试类

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;    
    
import java.util.HashMap;    
import java.util.Map;    
    
import javax.annotation.Resource;    
    
import org.junit.Before;    
import org.junit.Test;    
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;    
import org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito;    
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PrepareForTest;    
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;    
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletRequest;    
import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;    
    
import com.asset.action.IAssetScrapHandleAction;    
import com.asset.controller.AssetScrapHandleController;    
import com.framework.core.persistence.pagination.CurrentPage;    
  
@PrepareForTest({OrgUtils.class,UserUtils.class})  
public class ScrapAssetApplyActionImplTest extends BaseJunit4{  
    @InjectMocks@Autowired  
    private static AssetScrapHandleController controller;  
      
    @Resource(name=IAssetScrapHandleAction.ACTION_ID)  
    private IAssetScrapHandleAction aSHAction;  
  
    @Before  
    public  void befor(){  
        //依赖注入相应的action  
        ReflectionTestUtils.setField(controller, "assetScrapHandleAction", aSHAction);  
    }  
  
    @Test  
    public void testCreateHandleNum() {  
        Map map = new HashMap();  
        PowerMockito.mockStatic(OrgUtils.class);PowerMockito.mockStatic(UserUtils.class);  
          
        //自定义模拟静态方法返回的对象1  
        OrganizationBO bo = new OrganizationBO();  
        bo.setLeavel("L0");  
        PowerMockito.when(UserUtils.getLoginUserCom()).thenReturn(bo);  
          
        //自定义模拟静态方法返回的对象2  
        UserBO userbo = new UserBO();  
        userbo.setOrgCode("1100");  
        LoginUser loginUser = new LoginUser(userbo);  
        PowerMockito.when(UserUtils.getUser()).thenReturn(loginUser);  
          
        //模拟请求  
        MockHttpServletRequest request = new MockHttpServletRequest();  
        request.setParameter("time", "2016-01-01");  
        CurrentPage page = new CurrentPage();  
        page.setRows(25);  
        map = controller.getDataList(request, page);   
        boolean actual = true;   
        assertEquals(Integer.valueOf(map.get("total").toString())>=1, actual);   
    }  
}    

对Controller测试时，还需要由Controller层中的Action去执行相应的业务代码，对于Action的依赖注入就可以非常方便的使用ReflectionTestUtils.setField(controller,"assetScrapHandleAction",aSHAction)（非常重要），将aSHAction注入到controller层中的属性名为assetScrapHandleAction中  
@PrepareForTest({OrgUtils.class,UserUtils.class}) 注解一定要放到类上，或者基类上也可以，千万不能放到方法上。如果在方法上，会导致每执行一次test方法，都会委托SpringJUnit4ClassRunner去加载一次上下文配置，将直接导致内存耗尽。

四、Controller层代码实例  

@Controller("assetScrapHandleController")    
@RequestMapping(value="/assetScrapHandle")    
public class AssetScrapHandleController  extends BaseController  {    
            
    @Resource(name=IAssetScrapHandleAction.ACTION_ID)    
    private IAssetScrapHandleAction assetScrapHandleAction;    
        
    @RequestMapping("/list")    
    @ResponseBody    
    public Map<String,Object> getDataList(HttpServletRequest request,CurrentPage page){    
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();    
        Dto param = getParamAsDto(request);    
        String leavel = UserUtils.getLoginUserCom().getLeavel();    
        String orgCode = UserUtils.getUser().getUser().getOrgCode();    
        param.put("userLeavel", leavel);    
        param.put("orgCode", orgCode);    
        page.setParamObject(param);    
        CurrentPage currentPage = assetScrapHandleAction.queryForPage(page);    
            
        map.put("rows", currentPage.getPageItems());    
        map.put("total", currentPage.getTotalRows());    
            
        return map;    
    }    
}    

UserUtils.getLoginUserCom().getLeavel();执行时，返回“L0”  
UserUtils.getUser().getUser().getOrgCode();执行时，返回“1100”  
这些都是PowerMock的功劳！