主RAC库：2个节点 rac1(192.168.218.167),rac2(192.168.218.168) 采用ASM+RAW
备机 standby(192.168.218.188) 文件系统
一。在rac库备份：
rac1-> crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....C1.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora....C2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.racdb.db application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....b1.inst application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....b2.inst application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
rac1->
rac1-> export ORACLE_SID=racdb1
rac1-> rman target / nocatalog
RMAN> run{
2> allocate CHANNEL ch00 type DISK CONNECT 'sys/oracle@racdb1';
3> allocate CHANNEL ch01 type DISK CONNECT 'sys/oracle@racdb2';
4> backup database format '/rmanset/racdb_full_%d%t%s%p' tag 'fullbackup';
5> BACKUP FORMAT '/rmanset/%d_arch_%s_%p_%h' ARCHIVELOG ALL;
6> backup format '/rmanset/cf_%d_%s_%p'
7> (current controlfile);
8> RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;
9> RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;
10> }
allocated channel: ch00
channel ch00: sid=148 instance=racdb1 devtype=DISK
allocated channel: ch01
channel ch01: sid=148 instance=racdb2 devtype=DISK
Starting backup at 02-NOV-08
channel ch00: starting full datafile backupset
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=+RACDATA/racdb/datafile/system.259.669487425
input datafile fno=00005 name=+RACDATA/racdb/datafile/users.264.669487561
input datafile fno=00004 name=+RACDATA/racdb/datafile/undotbs2.263.669487539
channel ch00: starting piece 1 at 02-NOV-08
channel ch01: starting full datafile backupset
channel ch01: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00003 name=+RACDATA/racdb/datafile/sysaux.261.669487497
input datafile fno=00002 name=+RACDATA/racdb/datafile/undotbs1.260.669487479
channel ch01: starting piece 1 at 02-NOV-08
channel ch00: finished piece 1 at 02-NOV-08
piece handle=/rmanset/racdb_full_RACDB669769770931 tag=FULLBACKUP comment=NONE
channel ch00: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:19
channel ch00: starting full datafile backupset
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
channel ch00: starting piece 1 at 02-NOV-08
channel ch01: finished piece 1 at 02-NOV-08
piece handle=/rmanset/racdb_full_RACDB669769784941 tag=FULLBACKUP comment=NONE
channel ch01: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:28
channel ch01: starting full datafile backupset
channel ch01: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ch01: starting piece 1 at 02-NOV-08
channel ch00: finished piece 1 at 02-NOV-08
piece handle=/rmanset/racdb_full_RACDB669769914951 tag=FULLBACKUP comment=NONE
channel ch00: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:11
channel ch01: finished piece 1 at 02-NOV-08
piece handle=/rmanset/racdb_full_RACDB669769933961 tag=FULLBACKUP comment=NONE
channel ch01: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:05
Finished backup at 02-NOV-08
Starting backup at 02-NOV-08
current log archived
channel ch00: starting archive log backupset
channel ch00: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=42 recid=141 stamp=669603048
input archive log thread=1 sequence=44 recid=149 stamp=669640424
input archive log thread=1 sequence=45 recid=151 stamp=669675778
input archive log thread=1 sequence=46 recid=152 stamp=669679426
input archive log thread=1 sequence=47 recid=156 stamp=669690456
channel ch00: starting piece 1 at 02-NOV-08
channel ch01: starting archive log backupset
channel ch01: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=53 recid=170 stamp=669767346
input archive log thread=1 sequence=54 recid=172 stamp=669769357
input archive log thread=2 sequence=44 recid=165 stamp=669764276
input archive log thread=2 sequence=45 recid=167 stamp=669765472
input archive log thread=2 sequence=46 recid=168 stamp=669765474
input archive log thread=2 sequence=47 recid=169 stamp=669767345
input archive log thread=2 sequence=48 recid=171 stamp=669769352
input archive log thread=2 sequence=49 recid=175 stamp=669769944
channel ch01: starting piece 1 at 02-NOV-08
channel ch01: finished piece 1 at 02-NOV-08
piece handle=/rmanset/RACDB_arch_98_1_2 tag=TAG20081102T231211 comment=NONE
channel ch01: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
channel ch00: finished piece 1 at 02-NOV-08
piece handle=/rmanset/RACDB_arch_97_1_1 tag=TAG20081102T231211 comment=NONE
channel ch00: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:11
channel ch00: starting archive log backupset
channel ch00: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=48 recid=158 stamp=669690550
input archive log thread=1 sequence=49 recid=160 stamp=669691146
input archive log thread=1 sequence=50 recid=162 stamp=669755973
input archive log thread=1 sequence=51 recid=163 stamp=669757116
input archive log thread=1 sequence=52 recid=166 stamp=669764278
input archive log thread=1 sequence=55 recid=173 stamp=669769375
input archive log thread=1 sequence=56 recid=174 stamp=669769928
channel ch00: starting piece 1 at 02-NOV-08
channel ch00: finished piece 1 at 02-NOV-08
piece handle=/rmanset/RACDB_arch_99_1_1 tag=TAG20081102T231211 comment=NONE
channel ch00: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08
Finished backup at 02-NOV-08
Starting backup at 02-NOV-08
channel ch00: starting full datafile backupset
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
channel ch00: starting piece 1 at 02-NOV-08
channel ch00: finished piece 1 at 02-NOV-08
piece handle=/rmanset/cf_RACDB_100_1 tag=TAG20081102T231235 comment=NONE
channel ch00: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
Finished backup at 02-NOV-08
released channel: ch00
released channel: ch01
2. 在rac库上创建pfile
SQL> create pfile='/rmanset/initracdb.ora' from spfile;
将rac1,rac2上的备份出来的rman文件和pfile ftp 至 standby 主机
二： standby 主机做恢复的过程：
0.修改ftp过来的pfile，主要是rac中一些参数去掉：
#*.cluster_database_instances=2
*.cluster_database=false
#racdb2.instance_number=2
#racdb1.instance_number=1
#racdb2.thread=2
#racdb1.thread=1
#racdb2.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2'
#*.db_file_name_convert='+RACDATA/racdb/datafile/','/oradata/racdb/'
#*.fal_client='RACDB'
#*.fal_server='STANDBY'
#*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(racdb,standby)'
#racdb2.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/racdb2_arch VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=racdb'
#*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=standby LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby'
#*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
#*.log_file_name_convert='+RACDATA/racdb/onlinelog/','/oradata/racdb/'
#*.remote_listener='LISTENERS_RACDB'
#*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
1.数据库启动到nomount
2.restore controlfile
3.restore archivelog
4.recover database
5.改变logfile 的位置，重新建redo
6.drop 一个undo tablespace.
7.add a temp tablespace
8. 配tnsnames.ora 和listener.ora
下为操作的过程：
standby-> rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Nov 2 14:22:39 2008
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: racdb (not mounted)
--恢复controlfile
RMAN> restore controlfile from '/rmanset/cf_RACDB_100_1';
Starting restore at 02-NOV-08
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:05
output filename=/oradata/racdb/control01.ctl
Finished restore at 02-NOV-08
---restore datafile and archive log
RMAN> sql 'alter database mount';
sql statement: alter database mount
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
RMAN> run{
2> set until sequence 57 thread 1;
3> set newname for datafile 1 to '/oradata/racdb/system01.dbf';
4> set newname for datafile 2 to '/oradata/racdb/undotbs01.dbf';
5> set newname for datafile 3 to '/oradata/racdb/sysaux01.dbf';
6> set newname for datafile 4 to '/oradata/racdb/users01.dbf';
7> set newname for datafile 5 to '/oradata/racdb/undotbs02.dbf';
8> restore database;
9> switch datafile all;
10> }
executing command: SET until clause
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 02-NOV-08
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=155 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoring datafile 00001 to /oradata/racdb/system01.dbf
restoring datafile 00004 to /oradata/racdb/users01.dbf
restoring datafile 00005 to /oradata/racdb/undotbs02.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /rmanset/racdb_full_RACDB669769770931
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/rmanset/racdb_full_RACDB669769770931 tag=FULLBACKUP
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:36
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoring datafile 00002 to /oradata/racdb/undotbs01.dbf
restoring datafile 00003 to /oradata/racdb/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /rmanset/racdb_full_RACDB669769784941
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/rmanset/racdb_full_RACDB669769784941 tag=FULLBACKUP
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
Finished restore at 02-NOV-08
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=10 stamp=669738296 filename=/oradata/racdb/system01.dbf
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=11 stamp=669738296 filename=/oradata/racdb/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=12 stamp=669738296 filename=/oradata/racdb/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=13 stamp=669738297 filename=/oradata/racdb/users01.dbf
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=14 stamp=669738297 filename=/oradata/racdb/undotbs02.dbf
RMAN>
--列出备份的archivelog:
RMAN> list backup of archivelog all;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
89 2.44M DISK 00:00:03 02-NOV-08
BP Key: 89 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20081102T231211
Piece Name: /rmanset/RACDB_arch_98_1_2
List of Archived Logs in backup set 89
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 53 356353 02-NOV-08 396535 02-NOV-08
1 54 396535 02-NOV-08 398232 02-NOV-08
2 44 350717 02-NOV-08 356350 02-NOV-08
2 45 356350 02-NOV-08 376487 02-NOV-08
2 46 376487 02-NOV-08 396536 02-NOV-08
2 47 396536 02-NOV-08 397820 02-NOV-08
2 48 397820 02-NOV-08 398228 02-NOV-08
2 49 398228 02-NOV-08 398963 02-NOV-08
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
90 17.42M DISK 00:00:07 02-NOV-08
BP Key: 90 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20081102T231211
Piece Name: /rmanset/RACDB_arch_97_1_1
List of Archived Logs in backup set 90
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 42 285767 01-NOV-08 285925 01-NOV-08
1 44 286441 01-NOV-08 286516 01-NOV-08
1 45 286516 01-NOV-08 308174 01-NOV-08
1 46 308174 01-NOV-08 312441 01-NOV-08
1 47 312441 01-NOV-08 324657 02-NOV-08
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
91 9.69M DISK 00:00:04 02-NOV-08
BP Key: 91 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20081102T231211
Piece Name: /rmanset/RACDB_arch_99_1_1
List of Archived Logs in backup set 91
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 48 324657 02-NOV-08 324727 02-NOV-08
1 49 324727 02-NOV-08 325613 02-NOV-08
1 50 325613 02-NOV-08 349040 02-NOV-08
1 51 349040 02-NOV-08 350714 02-NOV-08
1 52 350714 02-NOV-08 356353 02-NOV-08
1 55 398232 02-NOV-08 398433 02-NOV-08
1 56 398433 02-NOV-08 398960 02-NOV-08
--restore archivelog and recover database.
RMAN>
RMAN> run{
2> set archivelog destination to '/racdb_arch';
3> restore archivelog from sequence 49 thread 2;
}4>
executing command: SET ARCHIVELOG DESTINATION
Starting restore at 02-NOV-08
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive log restore to user-specified destination
archive log destination=/racdb_arch
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archive log
archive log thread=2 sequence=49
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /rmanset/RACDB_arch_98_1_2
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/rmanset/RACDB_arch_98_1_2 tag=TAG20081102T231211
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished restore at 02-NOV-08
RMAN>
RMAN>
RMAN> run{
2> set archivelog destination to '/racdb_arch';
3> restore archivelog from sequence 44 thread 2;
4> }
executing command: SET ARCHIVELOG DESTINATION
Starting restore at 02-NOV-08
using channel ORA_DISK_1
archive log thread 2 sequence 49 is already on disk as file /racdb_arch/2_49_669487401.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive log restore to user-specified destination
archive log destination=/racdb_arch
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archive log
archive log thread=2 sequence=44
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archive log
archive log thread=2 sequence=45
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archive log
archive log thread=2 sequence=46
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archive log
archive log thread=2 sequence=47
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archive log
archive log thread=2 sequence=48
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /rmanset/RACDB_arch_98_1_2
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/rmanset/RACDB_arch_98_1_2 tag=TAG20081102T231211
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished restore at 02-NOV-08
RMAN> run{
2> set until sequence 57 thread 1;
3> recover database;
4> }
executing command: SET until clause
Starting recover at 02-NOV-08
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archive log thread 2 sequence 49 is already on disk as file /racdb_arch/2_49_669487401.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive log restore to default destination
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archive log
archive log thread=1 sequence=56
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /rmanset/RACDB_arch_99_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/rmanset/RACDB_arch_99_1_1 tag=TAG20081102T231211
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
archive log filename=/racdb_arch/1_56_669487401.dbf thread=1 sequence=56
archive log filename=/racdb_arch/2_49_669487401.dbf thread=2 sequence=49
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 02-NOV-08
--对redo 作修改：
alter database rename file '+RACDATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.669487411' to '/oradata/racdb/redo1';
alter database rename file '+RACDATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_2.258.669487419' to '/oradata/racdb/redo2';
alter database rename file '+RACDATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_3.265.669489319' to '/oradata/racdb/redo3';
alter database rename file '+RACDATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_4.266.669489327' to '/oradata/racdb/redo4';
SQL> select member from v$logfile;
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+RACDATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.669487411
+RACDATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_2.258.669487419
+RACDATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_3.265.669489319
+RACDATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_4.266.669489327
SQL> alter database rename file '+RACDATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.669487411' to '/oradata/racdb/redo1';
Database altered.
SQL> alter database rename file '+RACDATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_2.258.669487419' to '/oradata/racdb/redo2';
alter database rename file '+RACDATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_3.265.669489319' to '/oradata/racdb/redo3';
alter database rename file '+RACDATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_4.266.669489327' to '/oradata/racdb/redo4';
Database altered.
SQL>
Database altered.
SQL>
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
Database altered.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> select THREAD#, STATUS, ENABLED from v$thread;
THREAD# STATUS ENABLED
---------- ------ --------
1 OPEN PUBLIC
2 CLOSED PUBLIC
SQL>
SQL> select group# from v$log where THREAD#=2;
GROUP#
----------
3
4
SQL> alter database disable thread 2;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 4;
alter database drop logfile group 4
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00350: log 4 of instance racdb2 (thread 2) needs to be archived
ORA-00312: online log 4 thread 2: '/oradata/racdb/redo4'
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 3;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 3;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 4;
alter database drop logfile group 4
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00350: log 4 of instance racdb2 (thread 2) needs to be archived
ORA-00312: online log 4 thread 2: '/oradata/racdb/redo4'
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 4;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 4;
Database altered.
SQL> select group#,member from v$logfile;
GROUP#
----------
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1
/oradata/racdb/redo1
2
/oradata/racdb/redo2
SQL> select THREAD#, STATUS, ENABLED from v$thread;
THREAD# STATUS ENABLED
---------- ------ --------
1 OPEN PUBLIC
对undo 的处理：
SQL> show parameter undo
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
undo_management string AUTO
undo_retention integer 900
undo_tablespace string UNDOTBS1
SQL> select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces where contents='UNDO';
TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------
UNDOTBS1
UNDOTBS2
SQL> drop tablespace UNDOTBS2 including contents and datafiles;
Tablespace dropped.
SQL> select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces where contents='UNDO';
TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------
UNDOTBS1
SQL>
对temp的处理：
create temporary tablespace TEMP1 tempfile '/oradata/racdb/temp01.dbf' size 50M autoextend off;
SQL> select name from v$tempfile;
NAME
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oradata/racdb/RACDB/datafile/o1_mf_temp_4jtl9yfl_.tmp
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces where contents='TEMPORARY';
TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------
TEMP
SQL> create temporary tablespace TEMP1
2 tempfile '/oradata/racdb/temp01.dbf'
3 size 50M autoextend off;
Tablespace created.
SQL> alter database default temporary tablespace TEMP1;
Database altered.
SQL> drop tablespace TEMP including contents and datafiles;
Tablespace dropped.
SQL>
再配上tnsnames.ora 及 listener.ora