AngularJS路由系列(1)--基本路由配置

本系列探寻AngularJS的路由机制，在WebStorm下开发。主要包括：

● 路由的Big Picture

● $routeProvider配置路由

● 使用template属性

● 使用templateUrl属性

● redirectTo属性，接受字符串

● redirectTo属性，接受函数

● 使用caseInsensitiveMatch属性，禁止大小写敏感

● 使用otherwise属性

AngularJS路由系列包括：

1、AngularJS路由系列(1)--基本路由配置
2、AngularJS路由系列(2)--刷新、查看路由,路由事件和URL格式，获取路由参数，路由的Resolve
3、AngularJS路由系列(3)-- UI-Router初体验
4、AngularJS路由系列(4)-- UI-Router的$state服务、路由事件、获取路由参数
5、AngularJS路由系列(5)-- UI-Router的路由约束、Resolve属性、路由附加数据、路由进入退出事件
6、AngularJS路由系列(6)-- UI-Router的嵌套State

项目文件结构

node_modules/
public/
.....app/
..........bower_components/
...............toastr/
....................toastr.min.css
....................toastr.min.js
...............jquery/
....................dist/
.........................jquery.min.js
...............angular/
....................angular.min.js
...............angular-ui-router/
....................release/
.........................angular-ui-router.min.js
...............angular-route/
.........................angular-route.min.js
..........controllers/
...............HomeController.js
...............AllSchoolsController.js
...............AllClassroomsController.js
...............AllActivityiesController.js
...............ClassroomController.js
...............ClassroomSummaryController.js
...............ClassroomMessageController.js
..........css/
...............bootstrap.cerulean.min.css
..........filters/
...............activityMonthFilter.js
..........services/
...............dataServices.js
...............notifier.js
..........templates/
...............home.html
...............allSchools.html
...............allClassrooms.html
...............allActivities.html
...............classroom.html
...............classroomDetail.html
...............classroom_parent.html
..........app.js
.....index.html
.....favicon.ico
server/
.....data/
.....routes/
.....views/
.....helpers.js
package.json
server.js

安装Web Server

node server.js
Listening on port:3000

访问路径：localhost:3000/#/

获取ngRoute模块

bower install angular-route#1.4.0
或
npm install angular-route@1.4.0
或
http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.4.0/angular-route.js
或
https://code/angularjs.org/1.4.0/angular-route.js

如何使用呢？

在项目中引用angular-route.js,设置对ngRoute这个module的依赖(var app = angular.module('app',['ngRoute']))，在视图中添加ng-view这个directive(<div ng-view></div>)。

Big Picture

在了解路由之前，有必要知道路由在整个AnuglarJS中所扮演的角色，如下：

$routeProvider配置路由

大致按如下配置：

(function(){
    var app = angular.module('app',['ngRoute']);
    app.config(['$routeProvider', function($routeProvider){
        $routeProvider
            .when('/',{
                controller: 'HomeController',
                contrllerAs: 'home',
                templateUrl: 'app/templates/home.html'
            });
    }])
}());

■ index.html

bootstrap.cerulean.min.css
toastr.min.css

<!--Angular-->
angular.min.js
angular-route.min.js

<!--Application-->
app.js

<!--Services-->
dataServices.js
notifier.js

<!--Filters-->
activityMonthFilter.js

<!--Controls-->
HomeController.js
AllSchoolsController.js
AllClassroomsController.js
AllActivityiesController.js
ClassroomController.js
ClassroomSummaryController.js
ClassroomMessageController.js


<body ng-app="app">
    <a href="#/">School Buddy</a>
    
    
    <a href="#/schools">Schools</a>
    <a href="#/classrooms">Classrooms</a>
    <a href="#/activities">Activities</a>
    
    <div ng-view></div>
</body>

app.js，第一次添加路由，使用template属性

(function(){
    var app = angular.module('app', ['ngRoute']);
    
    app.config(['$logProvider','$routeProvider', function($logProvider,$routeProvider){
        $logProvider.debugEnabled(true);
        
        $routeProvider
            .when('/',{
                controller: 'HomeController' ,
                controllerAs: 'home',
                template: '<h1>This is an inline template</h1>'
            });
    }]);
}());

app.js,使用templateUrl属性

(function(){
    var app = angular.module('app', ['ngRoute']);
    
    app.config(['$logProvider','$routeProvider', function($logProvider,$routeProvider){
        $logProvider.debugEnabled(true);
        
        $routeProvider
            .when('/',{
                controller: 'HomeController' ,
                controllerAs: 'home',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/home.html'
            });
    }]);
}());

■ home.html

■ app.js,添加更多的路由

(function(){
    var app = angular.module('app', ['ngRoute']);
    
    app.config(['$logProvider','$routeProvider', function($logProvider,$routeProvider){
        $logProvider.debugEnabled(true);
        
        $routeProvider
            .when('/',{
                controller: 'HomeController' ,
                controllerAs: 'home',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/home.html'
            })
            .when('/schools',{
                controller: 'AllSchoolsController',
                controllerAs: 'schools',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/allSchools.html'
            })
            .when('/classrooms',{
                controller: 'AllClassroomsController',
                controllerAs: 'classrooms',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/allClassrooms.html'
            })
            .when('/activities',{
                controller: 'AllActivitiesController',
                controllerAs: 'activities',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/allActivities.html'
            });
    }]);
}());

点击导航栏上的Schools

点击导航栏上的Classrooms

点击导航栏上的Activities

app.js, 添加redirectTo属性,接受字符串

(function(){
    var app = angular.module('app', ['ngRoute']);
    
    app.config(['$logProvider','$routeProvider', function($logProvider,$routeProvider){
        $logProvider.debugEnabled(true);
        
        $routeProvider
            .when('/',{
                controller: 'HomeController' ,
                controllerAs: 'home',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/home.html'
            })
            .when('/schools',{
                controller: 'AllSchoolsController',
                controllerAs: 'schools',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/allSchools.html'
            })
            .when('/classrooms',{
                controller: 'AllClassroomsController',
                controllerAs: 'classrooms',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/allClassrooms.html',
                redirectTo: '/schools'
            })
            .when('/activities',{
                controller: 'AllActivitiesController',
                controllerAs: 'activities',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/allActivities.html'
            });
    }]);
}());

点击Classrooms导航到Schools下

app.js, 添加redirectTo,接受函数

(function(){
    var app = angular.module('app', ['ngRoute']);
    
    app.config(['$logProvider','$routeProvider', function($logProvider,$routeProvider){
        $logProvider.debugEnabled(true);
        
        $routeProvider
            .when('/',{
                controller: 'HomeController' ,
                controllerAs: 'home',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/home.html'
            })
            .when('/schools',{
                controller: 'AllSchoolsController',
                controllerAs: 'schools',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/allSchools.html'
            })
            .when('/classrooms/:id',{
                controller: 'AllClassroomsController',
                controllerAs: 'classrooms',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/allClassrooms.html',
                redirectTo: function(params, currPath, currSearch){
                    console.log(params);
                    console.log(currPath);
                    console.log(currSearch);
                    return '/';
                }
            })
            .when('/activities',{
                controller: 'AllActivitiesController',
                controllerAs: 'activities',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/allActivities.html'
            });
    }]);
}());

在浏览器输入：localhost:3000/#/classrooms/1?foo=bar

可见，路由参数1被放在了params中，是一个object对象；/classrooms/1被放在了currPath中；foo=bar查询字符串被放在了currSearch中了，是一个object对象。

app.js, 禁止大小写敏感，使用caseInsensitiveMatch属性

(function(){
    var app = angular.module('app', ['ngRoute']);
    
    app.config(['$logProvider','$routeProvider', function($logProvider,$routeProvider){
        $logProvider.debugEnabled(true);
        
        $routeProvider
            .when('/',{
                controller: 'HomeController' ,
                controllerAs: 'home',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/home.html'
            })
            .when('/schools',{
                controller: 'AllSchoolsController',
                controllerAs: 'schools',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/allSchools.html',
                caseInsensitiveMatch: true
            })
            .when('/classrooms/:id',{
                controller: 'AllClassroomsController',
                controllerAs: 'classrooms',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/allClassrooms.html'
            })
            .when('/activities',{
                controller: 'AllActivitiesController',
                controllerAs: 'activities',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/allActivities.html'
            });
    }]);
}());

localhost:3000/#/schools和localhost:3000/#/SCHOOLS能得到相同的结果。

app.js, 当用户输入的uri无效导航到默认页,使用otherwise属性

(function(){
    var app = angular.module('app', ['ngRoute']);
    
    app.config(['$logProvider','$routeProvider', function($logProvider,$routeProvider){
        $logProvider.debugEnabled(true);
        
        $routeProvider
            .when('/',{
                controller: 'HomeController' ,
                controllerAs: 'home',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/home.html'
            })
            .when('/schools',{
                controller: 'AllSchoolsController',
                controllerAs: 'schools',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/allSchools.html',
                caseInsensitiveMatch: true
            })
            .when('/classrooms/:id',{
                controller: 'AllClassroomsController',
                controllerAs: 'classrooms',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/allClassrooms.html'
            })
            .when('/activities',{
                controller: 'AllActivitiesController',
                controllerAs: 'activities',
                templateUrl: '/app/templates/allActivities.html'
            })
            .otherwise('/');
    }]);
}());

未完待续~~

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/darrenji/p/4981008.html