1143, 3997: Dilworth定理的简单应用

偏序集上的最小链覆盖等价于求最长反链

最小不交链覆盖等于传递闭包后最小链覆盖

最小链覆盖大小等于点数减去二分图最大匹配大小

二分图最小点覆盖大小等于二分图匹配大小

二分图最小点覆盖与二分图最大独立集对偶

建图完后，这个二分图最大独立集等价于最长反链。

于是两道题

1143: [CTSC2008]祭祀river

求偏序集上的最长反链

转换成偏序集上的最小链覆盖

求个闭包，转换成最小路径覆盖，二分图匹配一发

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <queue>
 
const int MAXN = 210;
const int MAXM = MAXN * MAXN * 2;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
int head[MAXN], nxt[MAXM], to[MAXM], val[MAXM], tot = 1;
inline void addedge(int b, int e, int v) {
    nxt[++tot] = head[b]; to[head[b] = tot] = e; val[tot] = v;
    nxt[++tot] = head[e]; to[head[e] = tot] = b; val[tot] = 0;
}
std::queue<int> q;
int S, T, dis[MAXN];
bool bfs() {
    for (int i = S; i <= T; ++i) dis[i] = 0;
    dis[S] = 1; q.push(S);
    while (!q.empty()) {
        int t = q.front(); q.pop();
        for (int i = head[t]; i; i = nxt[i])
            if (val[i] && !dis[to[i]]) {
                dis[to[i]] = dis[t] + 1;
                q.push(to[i]);
            }
    }
    return dis[T] > 0;
}
int dinic(int u, int minv) {
    if (u == T || !minv) return minv;
    int t, res = 0;
    for (int i = head[u]; i; i = nxt[i])
        if (val[i] && dis[to[i]] == dis[u] + 1 && (t = dinic(to[i], std::min(minv, val[i])))) {
            val[i] -= t;
            val[i ^ 1] += t;
            res += t;
            minv -= t;
            if (!minv) break;
        }
    if (!res) dis[u] = -1;
    return res;
}
 
int n, m, t1, t2, f[MAXN][MAXN];
int main() {
    scanf("%d%d", &n, &m);
    S = 0, T = n << 1 | 1;
    for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++i) {
        scanf("%d%d", &t1, &t2);
        f[t1][t2] = true;
    }
    for (int k = 1; k <= n; ++k)
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
            for (int j = 1; j <= n; ++j)
                f[i][j] |= f[i][k] & f[k][j];
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
        for (int j = 1; j <= n; ++j)
            if (f[i][j])
                addedge(i, j + n, 1);
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
        addedge(S, i, 1);
        addedge(i + n, T, 1);
    }
    int ans = n;
    while (bfs()) ans -= dinic(S, INF);
    printf("%d
", ans);
    return 0;
}

3997: [TJOI2015]组合数学

 给出一个网格图，其中某些格子有财宝，每次从左上角出发，只能向下或右走。问至少走多少次才能将财宝捡完。此对此问题变形，假设每个格子中有好多财宝，而每一次经过一个格子至多只能捡走一块财宝，至少走多少次才能把财宝全部捡完。

求偏序集上的最小链覆盖，转换为最长反链覆盖

于是只要DP出反链就好了，前(其实是后)缀和优化一下

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
 
const int MAXN = 1010;
int f[MAXN][MAXN], suc[MAXN][MAXN], map[MAXN][MAXN], n, m;
inline void getmax(int & x, const int y) { if (x < y) x = y; }
 
int main() {
    int T; scanf("%d", &T);
    while (T --> 0) {
        scanf("%d%d", &n, &m);
        for (int i = 0; i <= n + 1; ++i)
            for (int j = 0; j <= m + 1; ++j)
                f[i][j] = suc[i][j] = 0;
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
            for (int j = 1; j <= m; ++j) scanf("%d", map[i] + j);
            for (int j = m; j; --j) {
                getmax(f[i][j], suc[i - 1][j + 1] + map[i][j]);
                suc[i][j] = std::max(suc[i][j + 1], suc[i - 1][j]);
                getmax(suc[i][j], f[i][j]);
            }
        }
        printf("%d
", suc[n][1]);
    }
    return 0;
}