继上次配置Spring完成后,我们来创建一个简单的例程来理解Spring中利用beans.xml创建应用上下文的方法。
程序路径包为:com.spring.kinghts(kinght单词拼写错误,怕麻烦就没有重构)
首先,我们创建两个接口:Knight(英雄)与ToDo(做什么)。代码如下:
package com.spring.kinghts; public interface Knight { public void doWhat(); }
package com.spring.kinghts; public interface ToDo { public void toDo(); }
接下来,创建两个上述接口的实现类:Knight_guanyu(关羽)与ToDo_guanyu_drink(关羽喝酒)。代码如下:
package com.spring.kinghts; public class Knight_guanyu implements Knight{ private ToDo todo; public Knight_guanyu(ToDo todo){ this.todo=todo; } @Override public void doWhat() { todo.toDo(); } }
关羽类的构造器中传入了ToDo接口引用对象,目的是为了实现依赖构造三种方法中其一(构造器依赖),以降低耦合度。
package com.spring.kinghts; public class ToDo_guanyu_drink implements ToDo{ @Override public void toDo() { System.out.println("我可以喝酒"); } }
接下来创建beans.xml文件。代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean id="knight" class="com.spring.kinghts.Knight_guanyu"> <constructor-arg ref="todo"/> </bean> <bean id="todo" class="com.spring.kinghts.ToDo_guanyu_drink"> </bean> </beans>
第一个<bean>中,注入了Knight_guanyu bean,第二个<bean>中,创建ToDo_guanyu_drink bean。在这里,Knight_guanyu bean在构造的时候传入了ToDo_guanyu_drink bean的引用。
最后,创建KnightMain类来加载包含Knight的Spring上下文。代码如下:
package com.spring.kinghts; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class KnightMain { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{ ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml"); Knight_guanyu obj=(Knight_guanyu) context.getBean(Knight.class); obj.doWhat(); } }
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");作用是加载Spring上下文
Knight_guanyu obj=(Knight_guanyu) context.getBean(Knight.class);作用是获取knight bean
obj.doWhat();作用是使用knight
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2016-11-07 23:24:37