生成图片的验证码，进行图像处理，需使用Pillow
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 #coding:utf-8 3 4 import os 5 import random 6 from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImageFilter 7 8 _letter_cases = "abcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxy" # 小写字母，去除可能干扰的i，l，o，z 9 _upper_cases = _letter_cases.upper() # 大写字母 10 _numbers = ''.join(map(str, range(3, 10))) # 数字 11 init_chars = ''.join((_letter_cases, _upper_cases, _numbers)) 12 13 def create_validate_code(size=(120, 30), 14 chars=init_chars, 15 img_type="GIF", 16 mode="RGB", 17 bg_color=(255, 255, 255), 18 fg_color=(0, 0, 255), 19 font_size=18, 20 font_type=os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),"Monaco.ttf"), 21 length=4, 22 draw_lines=True, 23 n_line=(1, 2), 24 draw_points=True, 25 point_chance = 2): 26 # font_type =os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), font_type) 27 ''' 28 @todo: 生成验证码图片 29 @param size: 图片的大小，格式（宽，高），默认为(120, 30) 30 @param chars: 允许的字符集合，格式字符串 31 @param img_type: 图片保存的格式，默认为GIF，可选的为GIF，JPEG，TIFF，PNG 32 @param mode: 图片模式，默认为RGB 33 @param bg_color: 背景颜色，默认为白色 34 @param fg_color: 前景色，验证码字符颜色，默认为蓝色#0000FF 35 @param font_size: 验证码字体大小 36 @param font_type: 验证码字体，默认为 ae_AlArabiya.ttf 37 @param length: 验证码字符个数 38 @param draw_lines: 是否划干扰线 39 @param n_lines: 干扰线的条数范围，格式元组，默认为(1, 2)，只有draw_lines为True时有效 40 @param draw_points: 是否画干扰点 41 @param point_chance: 干扰点出现的概率，大小范围[0, 100] 42 @return: [0]: PIL Image实例 43 @return: [1]: 验证码图片中的字符串 44 ''' 45 46 width, height = size # 宽， 高 47 img = Image.new(mode, size, bg_color) # 创建图形 48 draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # 创建画笔 49 50 def get_chars(): 51 '''生成给定长度的字符串，返回列表格式''' 52 return random.sample(chars, length) 53 54 def create_lines(): 55 '''绘制干扰线''' 56 line_num = random.randint(*n_line) # 干扰线条数 57 58 for i in range(line_num): 59 # 起始点 60 begin = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1])) 61 #结束点 62 end = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1])) 63 draw.line([begin, end], fill=(0, 0, 0)) 64 65 def create_points(): 66 '''绘制干扰点''' 67 chance = min(100, max(0, int(point_chance))) # 大小限制在[0, 100] 68 69 for w in range(width): 70 for h in range(height): 71 tmp = random.randint(0, 100) 72 if tmp > 100 - chance: 73 draw.point((w, h), fill=(0, 0, 0)) 74 75 def create_strs(): 76 '''绘制验证码字符''' 77 c_chars = get_chars() 78 strs = ' %s ' % ' '.join(c_chars) # 每个字符前后以空格隔开 79 80 font = ImageFont.truetype(font_type, font_size) 81 font_width, font_height = font.getsize(strs) 82 83 draw.text(((width - font_width) / 3, (height - font_height) / 3), 84 strs, font=font, fill=fg_color) 85 86 return ''.join(c_chars) 87 88 if draw_lines: 89 create_lines() 90 if draw_points: 91 create_points() 92 strs = create_strs() 93 94 # 图形扭曲参数 95 params = [1 - float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 100, 96 0, 97 0, 98 0, 99 1 - float(random.randint(1, 10)) / 100, 100 float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500, 101 0.001, 102 float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500 103 ] 104 img = img.transform(size, Image.PERSPECTIVE, params) # 创建扭曲 105 106 img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE) # 滤镜，边界加强（阈值更大） 107 108 return img, strs
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5 <title>用户登录</title> 6 </head> 7 <body> 8 <p><input type="text" name="username" placeholder="用户名"></p> 9 <p><input type="password" name="password" placeholder="密码"></p> 10 <p> 11 <input type="text" name="chkcode" placeholder="验证码"> 12 <img src="/check_code" style="cursor: pointer" onclick="this.setAttribute('src','/check_code?nocache='+Math.random());"> 13 </p> 14 </body> 15 </html>
1 class CheckCodeHandler(BaseHandler): 2 def get(self, *args, **kwargs): 3 import io 4 from TornadoTest3.helper import check_code 5 mstream = io.BytesIO() 6 # 创建图片，并写入验证码 7 img, code = check_code.create_validate_code() 8 # 将图片对象写入到内存 9 img.save(mstream, "GIF") 10 self.write(mstream.getvalue())