Dictionary 序列化与反序列化

[转：http://blog.csdn.net/woaixiaozhe/article/details/7873582]

1.说明：Dictionary对象本身不支持序列化和反序列化，需要定义一个继承自Dictionary, IXmlSerializable类的自定义类来实现该功能。感觉完全可以把这样的类封装到C#库中，很具有通用性嘛，至今没有遇到不能用的情况的说，或许出于其他方面的考虑microsoft才没有这么做。

2.SerializableDictionary自定义类

    [Serializable]
    public class SerializableDictionary<TKey, TValue> : Dictionary<TKey, TValue>, IXmlSerializable
    {
        public SerializableDictionary() { }
        public void WriteXml(XmlWriter write)       // Serializer
        {
            XmlSerializer KeySerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(TKey));
            XmlSerializer ValueSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(TValue));

            foreach (KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> kv in this)
            {
                write.WriteStartElement("SerializableDictionary");
                write.WriteStartElement("key");
                KeySerializer.Serialize(write, kv.Key);
                write.WriteEndElement();
                write.WriteStartElement("value");
                ValueSerializer.Serialize(write, kv.Value);
                write.WriteEndElement();
                write.WriteEndElement();
            }
        }
        public void ReadXml(XmlReader reader)       // Deserializer
        {
            reader.Read();
            XmlSerializer KeySerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(TKey));
            XmlSerializer ValueSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(TValue));

            while (reader.NodeType != XmlNodeType.EndElement)
            {
                reader.ReadStartElement("SerializableDictionary");
                reader.ReadStartElement("key");
                TKey tk = (TKey)KeySerializer.Deserialize(reader);
                reader.ReadEndElement();
                reader.ReadStartElement("value");
                TValue vl = (TValue)ValueSerializer.Deserialize(reader);
                reader.ReadEndElement();
                reader.ReadEndElement();
                this.Add(tk, vl);
                reader.MoveToContent();
            }
            reader.ReadEndElement();

        }
        public XmlSchema GetSchema()
        {
            return null;
        }
    }

3.使用

  a.定义SerializableDictionary对象，这里以存储<string,string>键对为例：

SerializableDictionary<string, string> serializableDictionary = new SerializableDictionary<string, string>();  

b.添加元素

serializableDictionary.Add("Key1", “Value1”);  

c.序列化

using (FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create))  
{  
    XmlSerializer xmlFormatter = new XmlSerializer(typeof(SerializableDictionary<string, string>));  
    xmlFormatter.Serialize(fileStream, this.serializableDictionary);  
}  

 注：文件名fileName自己定义，如“file.xml”

d.反序列化

using (FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open))  
{  
    XmlSerializer xmlFormatter = new XmlSerializer(typeof(SerializableDictionary<string, string>));  
    this.serializableDictionary = (SerializableDictionary<string,string>)xmlFormatter.Deserialize(fileStream);  
}