AIDL 接口定义语言

1.概述

　　AIDL全程Android Interface Definition language ,接口定义语言,主要用于进程间的通信

使用aidL实现服务与activity之间的通信

创建AIDL文件:右键点击->创建新的AIDL文件

IMyAidlInterface.aidl

// IMyAidlInterface.aidl
package com.hejun.sevicedemo;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

interface IMyAidlInterface {
    /**
     * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
     * and return values in AIDL.
     */
     //在接口中自定义所需要的方法
     //自定义显示进程方法
    void showProgress();
}

在进行rebuild项目,将会自动生成AIDL的Java文件,如下:

/*
 * This file is auto-generated.  DO NOT MODIFY.
 * Original file: D:\AndroidProject\MyStudy2\sevicedemo\src\main\aidl\com\hejun\sevicedemo\IMyAidlInterface.aidl
 */
package com.hejun.sevicedemo;
// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

public interface IMyAidlInterface extends android.os.IInterface
{
/** Local-side IPC implementation stub class. */
public static abstract class Stub extends android.os.Binder implements com.hejun.sevicedemo.IMyAidlInterface
{
private static final java.lang.String DESCRIPTOR = "com.hejun.sevicedemo.IMyAidlInterface";
/** Construct the stub at attach it to the interface. */
public Stub()
{
this.attachInterface(this, DESCRIPTOR);
}
/**
 * Cast an IBinder object into an com.hejun.sevicedemo.IMyAidlInterface interface,
 * generating a proxy if needed.
 */
public static com.hejun.sevicedemo.IMyAidlInterface asInterface(android.os.IBinder obj)
{
if ((obj==null)) {
return null;
}
android.os.IInterface iin = obj.queryLocalInterface(DESCRIPTOR);
if (((iin!=null)&&(iin instanceof com.hejun.sevicedemo.IMyAidlInterface))) {
return ((com.hejun.sevicedemo.IMyAidlInterface)iin);
}
return new com.hejun.sevicedemo.IMyAidlInterface.Stub.Proxy(obj);
}
@Override public android.os.IBinder asBinder()
{
return this;
}
@Override public boolean onTransact(int code, android.os.Parcel data, android.os.Parcel reply, int flags) throws android.os.RemoteException
{
switch (code)
{
case INTERFACE_TRANSACTION:
{
reply.writeString(DESCRIPTOR);
return true;
}
case TRANSACTION_showProgress:
{
data.enforceInterface(DESCRIPTOR);
this.showProgress();
reply.writeNoException();
return true;
}
}
return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
}
private static class Proxy implements com.hejun.sevicedemo.IMyAidlInterface
{
private android.os.IBinder mRemote;
Proxy(android.os.IBinder remote)
{
mRemote = remote;
}
@Override public android.os.IBinder asBinder()
{
return mRemote;
}
public java.lang.String getInterfaceDescriptor()
{
return DESCRIPTOR;
}
/**
     * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
     * and return values in AIDL.
     */
@Override public void showProgress() throws android.os.RemoteException
{
android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
try {
_data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR);
mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_showProgress, _data, _reply, 0);
_reply.readException();
}
finally {
_reply.recycle();
_data.recycle();
}
}
}
static final int TRANSACTION_showProgress = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 0);
}
/**
     * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
     * and return values in AIDL.
     */
public void showProgress() throws android.os.RemoteException;
}

其中类 Stub extends android.os.Binder implements com.hejun.sevicedemo.IMyAidlInterface

所以可以在服务类中的onBind方法中 返回Sub类

 @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        // TODO: Return the communication channel to the service.
        Log.d("TAG", "绑定");
        return new IMyAidlInterface.Stub() {
            @Override
            public void showProgress() throws RemoteException {
                Log.e(TAG, "showProgress: " + "当前进度为:" + i );
            }
        };
    }

然后在ServiceConnection的onServiceConnection的方法中,通过asInterface方法获取MyAidlInterface对象

从而调用showProgress()方法

 ServiceConnection serviceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {
　　　　　　　　
            IMyAidlInterface iMyAidlInterface = IMyAidlInterface.Stub.asInterface(iBinder);
            try {
                iMyAidlInterface.showProgress();
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {

        }
    };

将AIDL文件复制到另一个应用中,注意包名一致

package com.hejun.aldl;

import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import com.hejun.sevicedemo.IMyAidlInterface;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    ServiceConnection serviceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {

            IMyAidlInterface iMyAidlInterface = IMyAidlInterface.Stub.asInterface(iBinder);
            try {
                iMyAidlInterface.showProgress();
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {

        }
    };
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Button start = findViewById(R.id.main_start);
        Button stop = findViewById(R.id.main_stop);
        Button bind = findViewById(R.id.main_bind);
        Button unbind = findViewById(R.id.main_unbind);
        start.setOnClickListener(this);
        stop.setOnClickListener(this);
        bind.setOnClickListener(this);
        unbind.setOnClickListener(this);

    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        switch (view.getId()){
            case R.id.main_start:
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                intent.setAction("com.service");
                intent.setPackage("com.hejun.sevicedemo");
                startService(intent);
                break;
            case R.id.main_stop:
                Intent intent1 = new Intent();
                intent1.setAction("com.service");
                intent1.setPackage("com.hejun.sevicedemo");
                stopService(intent1);
                break;
            case R.id.main_bind:
                Intent intent2 = new Intent();
                intent2.setAction("com.service");
                intent2.setPackage("com.hejun.sevicedemo");
                bindService(intent2,serviceConnection,BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
                break;
            case R.id.main_unbind:
                Intent intent3= new Intent();
                intent3.setAction("com.service");
                intent3.setPackage("com.hejun.sevicedemo");
                unbindService(serviceConnection);
                break;
        }
    }
}

运行演示: