1) 单一职责原则 (The Single Responsibility Principle,简称SRP)
2) 开放-封闭原则 (The Open-Close Principle,简称OCP)
3) Liskov 替换原则(The Liskov Substitution Principle,简称LSP)
4) 依赖倒置原则(The Dependency Inversion Pricinple,简称DIP)
5) 接口隔离原则 (The Interface Segregation Principle,简称ISP)