RHEL5.5 安装 oracle 11g

参考了以下三篇文章安装成功，特记录！

http://ithero.javaeye.com/blog/315092

http://www.oracle.com/technology/global/cn/obe/11gr1_db/install/dbinst/dbinst.htm

http://linux.chinaunix.net/techdoc/database/2008/04/25/996956.shtml

 

建议，安装系统的时候将硬盘空间大于等于10G，可以单独弄一个大的分区来存放oracle安装后的程序，我此次实验系统共总就10G，完成的时候很险，差一点不够，安装oracle 11g 提示是需要3.4G，而我只有3.6G了。。。。

一、检查硬件需求

1、检查内存空间大小

[root@tech_002 ~]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 3041772 kB    

2、查看交换分区swap

[root@tech_002 home]# grep SwapTotal 

/proc/meminfo SwapTotal: 2031608 kB

3、假如交换分区空间不够，可以增加

创建/home/swap这么一个分区文件。文件的大小是5120000个block，一般情况下1个block为1K，所以这里空间是5G。

dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swap bs=1024 count=5120000 
5120000+0 records in
5120000+0 records out
5242880000 bytes (5.2 GB) copied, 39.3974 seconds, 133 MB/s 

接着再把这个分区变成swap分区。
 

[root@tech_002 home]# /sbin/mkswap /home/swap 

Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 5242875 kB

然后把它加到fstab里面

[root@tech_002 home]# echo "/home/swap swap swap defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab ; cat /etc/fstab 

/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 / ext3 defaults 1 1
LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 swap swap defaults 0 0
/home/swap swap swap defaults 0 0

4、oracle 11g 所必须的安装包

[root@tech_002 ~]# rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel glibc glibc-common glibc-devel gcc- gcc-c++ libaio-devel libaio libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel 
binutils-2.17.50.0.6-9.el5
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61
elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5
glibc-2.5-34
glibc-common-2.5-34
glibc-devel-2.5-34
gcc-4.1.2-44.el5
gcc-c++-4.1.2-44.el5
libaio-devel-0.3.106-3.2
libaio-0.3.106-3.2
libgcc-4.1.2-44.el5
libstdc++-4.1.2-44.el5
libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-44.el5
make-3.81-3.el5
sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5
unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-7.1

5、配置内核参数

cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF 
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
EOF

然后执行

[root@tech_002 etc]# /sbin/sysctl -p 
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
kernel.sysrq = 0
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
kernel.shmall = 4294967296
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144

6、给系统添加oracle 用户

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle

7、添加参数

cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF 
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
EOF

cat >> /etc/pam.d/login <<EOF 
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
EOF

cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF
if [ $USER = "oracle " ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
EOF

8、创建目录

mkdir -p /oracle_11/app/ 
chown -R oracle :oinstall /oracle_11/app/
chmod -R 755 /oracle_11/app/
sudo mkdir /oracle_11/tmp
sudo chmod a+wr /oracle_11/tmp

9、修改用户的shell

more /home/oracle /.bash_profile 
# .bash_profile
umask 022
TMP=/oracle_11/tmp
TMPDIR=/oracle_11/tmp
export TMP TMPDIR
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle_11/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11 .1.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
##注意，如果是想远程无界面安装oracle,在这里请用这行：export DISPLAY=10.10.10.254:0.0，并在远程安装的主机上启用Xmanager - Passive 程序 。
export DISPLAY=:0.0
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
#export ORA_CRS_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/crs
#export ORACLE_PATH=$ORACLE_BASE/common/oracle /sql:.:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
#export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin
#export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
#export PATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_BASE/common/oracle /bin
#export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
#export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
#export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data
#export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
#export LIBPATH=$LIBPATH:$ORA_CRS_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
#export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
#export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16G
#export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data

以root身份打开另一个终端窗口
--这步至关重要，不执行这步在以oracle用户运行 # ./runInstaller时会启动不了图型安装界面
#xhost +
#xhost + localhost
#su - oracle
$unzip linux_x86_11gR1_database.zip
$cd database/
$./runInstaller -ignoreSysPreReqs

如果是使用的远程无界面安装方式，需要在远程windows主机上打开Xmanager - Passive程序，当在oracle主机执行./runinstall的时候安装界面会出现在windows主机上。

然后就参照http://www.oracle.com/technology/global/cn/obe/11gr1_db/install/dbinst/dbinst.htm  官方进行安装！！