请求传参

以爬取某电影网的电影列表以及子链接中的信息为例子

spiders/parndemo.py

import scrapy
from parnpost import items


class ParndemoSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'parndemo'
    # allowed_domains = ['https://www.55xia.com/movie']
    start_urls = ['https://www.55xia.com/movie/']

    def getinfo(self, response):
        print(00000000000000)
        actor = response.xpath("/html/body/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]/a/text()").extract_first()
        lanuage = response.xpath("/html/body/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/table/tbody/tr[6]/td[2]/text()").extract_first()
        time = response.xpath("/html/body/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/table/tbody/tr[8]/td[2]/text()").extract_first()
        item = response.meta["item"]
        item["actor"] = actor
        item["lanuage"] = lanuage
        item["time"] = time
        print("item", item)
        # 将item提交给管道
        yield item

    def parse(self, response):
        # 名称  类型  导演  语言  片长
        div_list = response.xpath("/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div")  # /div获取所有的子div
        # print("div_list", div_list)
        # 实例化item
        # language = response.xpath("")
        # longTime = response.xpath("")
        for div in div_list:
            item = items.ParnpostItem()
            # print("div", div)
            name = div.xpath('.//div[@class="meta"]/h1/a/text()').extract_first()
            kind = div.xpath('.//div[@class="otherinfo"]/text()').extract_first()
            # print("kind", kind)
            url = div.xpath('.//div[@class="meta"]/h1/a/@href').extract_first()  # 获取指定数据的链接
            # 将数据存入item中
            # print("name", name)
            print("url", url)
            url = "https:"+url
            item["name"] = name
            item["kind"] = kind
            print("item", item)
            # 对url发起请求操作，获取相应的页面数据进行分析  #meta传入只能是字典格式
            yield scrapy.Request(url=url, callback=self.getinfo, meta={"item": item})

pipelines.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html


class ParnpostPipeline(object):
    fp = None

    def open_spider(self, spider):
        print(1)
        self.fp = open("record.txt", "w", encoding="utf-8")

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        print(2)
        name = item["name"]
        kind = item["kind"]
        actor = item["actor"]
        lanuage = item["lanuage"]
        time = item["time"]
        content = "名称:" + str(name) + "  " + "种类：" + str(kind) + "  " + "导演：" + str(actor) + "  " + "语种：" + str(lanuage) + "  " + "时间：" + str(time) + "

"
        print(name, kind, actor, lanuage, content)
        print("content")
        self.fp.write(content)
        return item

    def close_spider(self, spider):
        print(3)
        self.fp.close()

settings.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for parnpost project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = 'parnpost'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['parnpost.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'parnpost.spiders'


# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.110 Safari/537.36'

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'parnpost.middlewares.ParnpostSpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'parnpost.middlewares.ParnpostDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}

# Configure item pipelines
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   'parnpost.pipelines.ParnpostPipeline': 300,
}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'

items.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html

import scrapy


class ParnpostItem(scrapy.Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    name = scrapy.Field()
    kind = scrapy.Field()
    actor = scrapy.Field()
    lanuage = scrapy.Field()
    time = scrapy.Field()
    # pass