Linux下搭建Nginx服务器

Nginx 安装

一. 安装编译工具及库文件

yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool  openssl openssl-devel

二. 安装 PCRE（PCRE 作用是让 Nginx 支持 rewrite 功能）

1. 下载 PCRE 安装包，下载地址： https://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/8.42/pcre-8.42.tar.gz

可以去网页下载也可以直接用命令下载：

wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/8.42/pcre-8.42.tar.gz

2. 解压安装包到指定目录:

 tar -zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src

 3.编译安装pcre

cd /usr/local/src/pcre-8.3.5

./configure

make && make install

pcre-8.35.tar.gz

4. 查看pcre版本

pcre-config --version

三. 安装 Nginx

1. 下载 Nginx，下载地址：http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz

 可以去网页下载也可以直接用命令下载：

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz

2. 解压安装包到指定目录:

 tar -zxvf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local

 3.编译安装nginx

cd /usr/local/nginx-1.14

#检查安装环境，并指定将来要安装的路径

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx 

make && make install

pcre-8.35.tar.gz

4. 查看nginx版本

cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin

./nginx -v

四. Nginx 配置

#进入配置文件目录

cd /usr/local/nginx/conf

#打开并修改配置文件

vi nginx.conf

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;#监听端口
        server_name  localhost;#域名

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;站点目录
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ .php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ .php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl                  on;
    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_protocols  SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

将其中的域名、站点目录修改为我们需要的地址即可。

二. Nginx的常用命令

#切换目录到指定目录

cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin

./nginx -s quit         优雅的停止nginx，有连接时会等连接请求完成再杀死worker进程  

./nginx -s reload     优雅的重启，并重新载入配置文件nginx.conf

./nginx -s stop

./nginx -s reopen     重新打开日志文件，一般用于切割日志

./nginx -v            查看版本  

./nginx -t            检查nginx的配置文件

./nginx -h            查看帮助信息

./nginx -V       详细版本信息，包括编译参数 

./nginx  -c filename  指定配置文件

quit 是一个优雅的关闭方式，Nginx在退出前完成已经接受的连接请求。


stop 是快速关闭，不管有没有正在处理的请求。