using System; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace TestProject { class Program { //异步:不阻塞主线程的一种编程方法 //多线程(new Thread): 多个线程去做一个事情 (注意共享变量的问题)(无法监测是否完成) //线程池(new ThreadPool):省去线程重复创建回收的消耗。(无法检测执行任务是否完成) //Task: Task在线程池的基础上进行了优化,并且可以检测到完成状态。 //Parallel:并行多个任务。(而且能监测完成状态) //乐观锁悲观锁 static void Main(string[] args) { //int a = 0; Stopwatch stopwatch = new Stopwatch(); #region 单线程 stopwatch.Start(); // 开始监视代码运行时间 for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { Console.WriteLine("thread:{0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Thread.Sleep(100); } // you code .... stopwatch.Stop(); // 停止监视 ConsoleTime(stopwatch, "单线程"); #endregion #region ThreadPool(没办法检测是否完成哦!)这里监测到的时间是创建线程池所需要的时间 stopwatch.Start(); // 开始监视代码运行时间 ThreadPool.SetMaxThreads(5, 5); ThreadPool.SetMinThreads(1, 1); for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(new WaitCallback((obj) => { Console.WriteLine("线程池输出: thread:{0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Thread.Sleep(100); }), i.ToString()); } // you code .... stopwatch.Stop(); // 停止监视 ConsoleTime(stopwatch, "ThreadPool"); #endregion #region Thread(没办法检测完成!没有返回值没有办法检测状态。)这里监测到的时间仅仅只是创建这些线程所需要的时间。 stopwatch.Start(); // 开始监视代码运行时间 for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(DoSomeThing)); thread.Start(); //Thread.Sleep(100); } // you code .... stopwatch.Stop(); // 停止监视 ConsoleTime(stopwatch, "Thread"); #endregion #region Parallel stopwatch.Start(); // 开始监视代码运行时间 var task = System.Threading.Tasks.Parallel.For(0, 10, new ParallelOptions() { MaxDegreeOfParallelism = 2 }, (i) => { Console.WriteLine("{0},task:{1},thread:{2}", i, Task.CurrentId, Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Task.Delay(1000); //提供的原子性操作,保证对a的值操作每一次都是原子性的 //System.Threading.Interlocked.Add(ref a, 1); //a++; }); stopwatch.Stop(); // 停止监视 ConsoleTime(stopwatch, "Parallel"); #endregion //Console.Write(a); Console.ReadKey(); } /// <summary> /// 模拟做点什么同时输出当前线程id /// </summary> private static void DoSomeThing() { Console.WriteLine("DoSomeThing: thread:{0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Thread.Sleep(100); } /// <summary> /// 模拟异步执行方法 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> private static async Task DoSomeThing2() { await Task.Run(() => { Console.WriteLine("DoSomeThing2: task:{0},thread:{1}", Task.CurrentId, Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Thread.Sleep(1000); } ); } //输出当前代码段运行时间 private static void ConsoleTime(Stopwatch stopwatch, string BlockName) { TimeSpan timespan = stopwatch.Elapsed; //获取当前实例测量得出的总时间 Console.WriteLine("{0} ,代码执行时间:{1}(毫秒)", BlockName, timespan.TotalMilliseconds); //总毫秒数 stopwatch.Reset(); } } }