查看新硬盘&创建分区
xxx@xxx:/dev$ sudo fdisk -l [sudo] password for xxx: Disk /dev/sda: 85.9 GB, 85899345920 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 10443 cylinders, total 167772160 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0006109e Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 159385599 79691776 83 Linux /dev/sda2 159387646 167770111 4191233 5 Extended /dev/sda5 159387648 167770111 4191232 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 26108 cylinders, total 419430400 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table xxx@xxx:/dev$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xdc2cc610. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) Command (m for help): m Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table q quit without saving changes s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extended Select (default p): p Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 First sector (2048-419430399, default 2048): Using default value 2048 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-419430399, default 419430399): Using default value 419430399 Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.
格式化 & 挂载硬盘 & 开机自动挂载
For Ubuntu (14.04)
xxx@xxx:/$ df -T /dev/sda1 Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 ext4 78310344 5329308 68980064 8% / xxx@xxx:/$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 mke2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 13107200 inodes, 52428544 blocks 2621427 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296 1600 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done xxx@xxx:/$ sudo mkdir xhome xxx@xxx:/$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /xhome xxx@xxx:/$ sudo vim /etc/fstab # edit file fstab according to the file's original contents. xxx@xxx:/$ sudo mount -a #check if the disk is mounted correctly.