Linux 全局安装 composer
将目录切换到/usr/local/bin/目录 cd /usr/local/bin/ 在 bin 目录中下载 composer curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php 通过 composer.phar -v 查看 composer 修改为中国镜像 composer.phar config -g repo.packagist composer https://packagist.phpcomposer.com 最后我把composer.phar复制了一份，重命名为composer 以后可以直接用composer
MVC架构模式
控制器（Controller）- 负责转发请求，对请求进行处理
视图（View） - 界面设计人员进行图形界面设计
模型（Model） - 程序员编写程序应有的功能（实现算法等等）、数据库专家进行数据管理和数据库设计(可以实现具体的功能)
实现简易模板引擎：
composer.json
{ // 自动加载 // 可以在composer.json的autoload字段找那个添加自己的autoloader "autoload": { "psr-4": { "App\Controllers\": "Controllers/", "App\Models\": "Models/", "Tools\": "Tools/" } } }
Models/Users.php
<?php // model层数据库操作演示 namespace AppModels; class Users { // 数据存入数据库演示 public function store() { echo 'store into database'; } // 查询数据库演示 public function getUsername() { // 查询数据库 return 'test-data'; } }
Controllers/UserController.php
<?php namespace AppControllers; use ToolsTpl; use AppModelsUsers; class UserController extends Tpl { public function create() { echo 'User create'; } public function getUser() { // 通过Model查询数据 $userModel = new Users; $username = $userModel->getUsername(); // 将$username显示在对应的一个HTML文件当中，并且显示出来 // 表现层 user/user.html // 将变量发送给模板（html文件） $this->assign('username', $username); $this->assign('age', 20); // 显示模板 $this->display('user/user.html'); } }
Views/user/user.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>
{$username}
</h2>
<h3>
{$age}
</h3>
</body>
</html>
Tools/Tpl.php
<?php // 分配变量 // 将变量发送给模板 namespace Tools; class Tpl { protected $assign_vars = []; public function assign($tpl_var_name, $val) { $this->assign_vars[$tpl_var_name] = $val; } public function display($tpl_name) { // Views/user/$tpl_name $className = get_called_class(); // AppControllersUserController $dirName = strtolower(substr(substr($className, 16), 0, -10)); // user $dir = dirname(__DIR__) . '/Views/' . $dirName . '/' . $tpl_name; // file_get_contents $content = file_get_contents($dir); // preg_replace foreach ($this->assign_vars as $tpl_var_name => $val) { $content = preg_replace('/{$' . $tpl_var_name . '}/', '<?php echo $this->assign_vars["' . $tpl_var_name . '"]; ?>', $content); } // compile $compile = dirname(__DIR__) . '/runtime/Compile/' . md5($tpl_name) . '.php'; file_put_contents($compile, $content); // include include $compile; } }
Smarty模板引擎的使用
服务端开发部分演示
Smarty引擎的安装
变量的分配和加载显示模板
以插件形式扩展Smarty
缓存控制技术
smarty.php
<?php /** * Created by PhpStorm. */ session_start(); require './libs/Smarty.class.php'; $smarty = new Smarty(); // 简单配置 初始化设置 $smarty->setTemplateDir('./Views'); $smarty->setCompileDir('./runtime/Compile'); $smarty->setConfigDir('./Config'); $smarty->addPluginsDir('./Plugins'); $smarty->setCacheDir('./runtime/Cache'); $smarty->caching = 1;//开启缓存 $smarty->setCacheLifetime(60*60*24); $smarty->left_delimiter = '{'; $smarty->right_delimiter = '}'; // 缓存机制 if (!$smarty->isCached('extends.html', $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'])) { // 数据库查询 $data = [[]]; // 使用 $smarty->assign([ 'username' => 'test-data', 'age' => 20 ]); // 数组 $smarty->assign('arr1', [1, 2, 3]); $smarty->assign('arr2', ['id' => 1, 'username' => 'zhangsan', 'age' => 30]); $smarty->assign('users', [ ['id' => 1, 'username' => 'zhangsan', 'age' => 30], ['id' => 2, 'username' => 'lisi', 'age' => 40] ]); $smarty->assign('hobby_ids', [1, 2, 3]); $smarty->assign('hobby_output', ['看书', '敲代码', '看视频']); $smarty->assign('options', [ 1 => '看书', 2 => '敲代码', 3 => '看视频' ]); // 注册function $smarty->registerPlugin('function', 'font', function ($attributes) { $text = $attributes['text']; $color = $attributes['color'] ?? 'black'; return '<span style="color: ' . $color . '">' . $text . '</span>'; }); // 注册变量修饰器 $smarty->registerPlugin('modifier', 'link', function ($text, $href, $isCapitalize = false) { $return = '<a href="' . $href . '">' . $text . '</a>'; if ($isCapitalize) { return ucwords($return); } return $return; }); // 注册块状函数 $smarty->registerPlugin('block', 'link', function ($attributes, $text) { $href = $attributes['href']; if (!is_null($text)) { return '<a href="' . $href . '">' . $text . '</a>'; } }); // 对象 $smarty->assign('obj', $smarty); $smarty->assign('text', 'This is a paragraph!'); $smarty->display('smarty.html'); $smarty->display('loop.html'); $smarty->display('single_tag_func.html'); $smarty->display('modifier.html'); $smarty->display('block_func.html'); $smarty->display('plugins.html'); $smarty->assign('users', $data); } $smarty->clearCache('extends.html', $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']); $smarty->clearAllCache(); $smarty->display('extends.html', $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
前端开发部分演示
注释和变量的使用smarty.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <h2> <!-- 模板注释被*星号包围，而两边的星号又被定界符包围 --> {*$username*} {$username} </h2> <h3> <!-- 变量 --> {$age} </h3> <hr> <!-- 索引数组 --> arr1: {$arr1[1]} <hr> <!-- 关联数组 --> arr2: {$arr2['username']} {$arr2.username} <hr> <!-- 对象 --> Object: {var_dump($obj->getTemplateDir())} <hr> <!-- 变量的运算 --> {$var = 100} {$var} {$foo = $var + 200} {$foo} <hr> {$foo} <hr> <!-- 保留变量的使用 --> $_GET: {var_dump($smarty.get)} <hr> $_POST: {var_dump($smarty.post)} <hr> $_REQUEST: {var_dump($smarty.request)} <hr> COOKIE: {var_dump($smarty.cookies)} <hr> SESSION: {var_dump($smarty.session)} <hr> SERVER: {var_dump($smarty.server)} <hr> ENV: {var_dump($smarty.env)} <hr> {time()} {$smarty.now} <hr> <!-- 加载配置文件后，配置文件中的变量需要用两个井号“#”包围或者是 smarty的保留变量$smarty.config.来调用 --> {config_load file='base.conf'} {#FONT_SIZE#} {$smarty.config.FONT_COLOR} </body> </html>
流程控制的使用loop.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>流程控制</title> </head> <body> <!-- 使用{if}处理分支结构 --> {$number = 200} {if $number === 100} gt {else if $number == 200} This number is 200 {else} This number is not 100 {/if} {$bool = false} {if not $bool} not {/if} {if $number is not even} odd {/if} {if $number is not odd} even {/if} {if $number mod 2 == 0} even {/if} {if $number is not odd by 3} odd {/if} <!-- 使用{for}处理循环 --> {for $i = 5 to 4 step 2} {$i} {forelse} no loop {/for} <!-- 使用{while}处理循环 --> {while $number > 195} {$number--} {/while} <!-- 使用{foreach}遍历数组 --> {foreach $arr2 as $key => $val} {if $val@first} {*break*} {continue} {/if} {$key}:{$val} {$val@key} {$val@index} {$val@iteration} {$val@first} {$val@last} {$val@show} {$val@total} {foreachelse} data does not exist {/foreach} <!-- 使用{section}遍历数组 --> {section name=key loop=$arr1} {$arr1[key]} {/section} {section name=key loop=$users2 step=-1 max=2} id: {$users[key].id} username: {$users[key].username} age: {$users[key].age} {$smarty.section.key.index} {$smarty.section.key.iteration} {$smarty.section.key.rownum} {$smarty.section.key.index_prev} {$smarty.section.key.index_next} {sectionelse} no loop {/section} </body> </html>
常用标签函数的使用single_tag_func.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>常用标签函数的使用</title> </head> <body> {assign var="name" value="Jason"} {assign "name" "Jason Lee"} {$name} {append var="arr1" value=4 index="3"} {var_dump($arr1)} {ldelim}$name{rdelim} {html_checkboxes name="hobby" values=$hobby_ids output=$hobby_output selected=$hobby_ids} {html_checkboxes name="hobby" options=$options selected=$hobby_ids} {html_image width="50" height="50" alt="Google" href="http://www.google.com" file="https://www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/1x/googlelogo_color_272x92dp.png"} {html_options name="hobby" values=$hobby_ids output=$hobby_output selected=2} {html_options name="hobby" options=$options selected=2} {html_radios name="hobby" options=$options selected=2} {html_select_date} {html_select_time} {html_table loop=$arr1 cols=2 rows=3} {mailto address="86267659@qq.com" subject="test" text="给我发邮件" cc="123123@qq.com"} {math equation="x + y" x = 100 y = 200} </body> </html>
变量修饰器的使用modifier.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>变量修饰器的使用</title> </head> <body> {$str="123123 thIs is string."} <hr> {$str|capitalize:true:true} <hr> {$str|capitalize:true:true|cat:'.'} <hr> {$str|count_characters} <hr> {$str|count_paragraphs} <hr> {$str|count_sentences} <hr> {$str|count_words} <hr> {$str2|default:'Not Data Yet'} <hr> {time()|date_format:'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'} <hr> {$chinese = '中文'} {$chinese|from_charset:'utf-8'|to_charset:'gb2312'} <hr> {$str|indent:10:'---'} <hr> {$str|lower|upper} <hr> {$str2="This is p1. This is p2."} {$str2|nl2br} <hr> {$str|regex_replace:'/d+/':' '} <hr> {$str|replace:'123123':'000'} <hr> {$str|spacify:'-'} <hr> {$float='10.0020398475'} {$float|string_format:'%.2f'} <hr> {$str3='a b c'} {$str3|strip:'-'} <hr> {$tag='<b>Font</b>'} {$tag|strip_tags} <hr> {$bigstr='123123123123123123ahjfdashfksdhfkjsdhjkfshfjkhsd'} {$bigstr|truncate:10:'---':true:true} <hr> {$tag|escape|unescape} <hr> {$bigstr|wordwrap:10:" ":true} </body> </html>
块函数的使用block_func.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>块函数的使用</title> </head> <body> {textformat indent='4' indent_first='10' indent_char='-' wrap='10' wrap_char='<hr>' wrap_cut=true assign='var'} aaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaa {/textformat} {*$var*} {nocache} {time()} {/nocache} <hr> {time()} </body> </html>
插件的开发plugins.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> {font text=$text color='#123123'} {$text|link:'http://www.baidu.com'} {link href='http://www.baidu.com'} aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa {/link} </body> </html>
Smarty模板引擎插件的开发：
1、使用registerPlugin( )方法扩充插件格式
2、在smarty模板的libs/plugins/目录下创建函数插件文件
block.link.php
function smarty_block_link($attributes, $text) { $href = $attributes['href']; if (!is_null($text)) { return '<a href="' . $href . '">' . $text . '</a>'; } }
function.font.php
function smarty_function_font($attributes) { $text = $attributes['text']; $color = $attributes['color'] ?? 'black'; return '<span style="color: ' . $color . '">' . $text . '</span>'; }
modifier.link.php
function smarty_modifier_link($text, $href, $isCapitalize = false) { $return = '<a href="' . $href . '">' . $text . '</a>'; if ($isCapitalize) { return ucwords($return); } return $return; }
模板继承的使用
extends.html
!-- 使用{extends}函数实现模板继承
合并子模板和父模板的{block}标签内容 -->
{extends file="layout.html"}
{block name="title"}
Article {$smarty.block.parent}
{/block}
{block name="content"}
Article List
{$smarty.get.page}
{*nocache*}
{time()}
{*/nocache*}
{time()|date_format:'%H:%M:%S' nocache}
{/block}
layout.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>{block name="title"} - Imooc{/block}</title> </head> <body> <header> menu </header> {block name="content"}{/block} <footer> copyright </footer> </body> </html>
缓存机制
开启缓存
$smarty -> caching = 1|2|0;
$smarty -> setCacheDir("./cache");
$smarty->setCacheLifetime(300); // 5分钟，以秒为单位，-1永不过期
$smarty -> display('index.tpl');
$smarty -> display('index.tpl', $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
相关函数
isCached()
clearCache()
clearAllCache()