首先是一个普通的登陆页面实现
登录页面login.php
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>登陆页</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.3/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-MCw98/SFnGE8fJT3GXwEOngsV7Zt27NXFoaoApmYm81iuXoPkFOJwJ8ERdknLPMO" crossorigin="anonymous"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="card col-12 mt-5"> <div class="card-body"> <h4 class="card-title"> 用户登录 </h4> <div class="col-12 mt-4 d-flex justify-content-center"> <form class="col-8" method="post" action="action.php"> <input type="hidden" name="action" value="login"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="username">用户名</label> <input type="text" class="form-control" id="username" name="username" placeholder="请输入用户名"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="password">密码</label> <input type="password" class="form-control" id="password" name="password" placeholder="请输入密码"> </div> <div class="form-group form-check"> <input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="remember" name="remember"> <label class="form-check-label" for="remember"> 在这台电脑上记住我的登录状态 </label> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary"> 登录 </button> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
登录功能实现action.php
<?php session_start(); switch ($_REQUEST['action']) { case 'login': $username = $_POST['username']; $password = $_POST['password']; $remember = $_POST['remember']; $user = getUser(); if ($username != $user['username']) { // 登录失败 sendLoginFailedResponse(); } if ($password != $user['password']) { // 登录失败 sendLoginFailedResponse(); } if ($remember) { rememberLogin($username); } $_SESSION['username'] = $username; header("location:index.php"); break; case 'logout': session_unset(); setcookie("username", "", time() - 1); header("location:login.php"); break; } function getUser() { return array( "username" => "cyy", "password" => "123456" ); } function sendLoginFailedResponse() { $response = "<script> alert('用户名或密码错误！'); window.location='login.php'; </script>"; echo $response; die; } function rememberLogin($username) { setcookie("username", $username, time() + 7 * 24 * 3600); }
首页index.php
<?php session_start(); if (rememberedLogin()) { $_SESSION['username'] = $_COOKIE['username']; } if (!hasLoggedIn()) { header("location:login.php"); die; } function hasLoggedIn() { return isset($_SESSION['username']) && validateUsername($_SESSION['username']); } function validateUsername($username) { return $username == "cyy"; } function rememberedLogin() { return isset($_COOKIE['username']) && validateUsername($_COOKIE['username']); } ?> <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>主页</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.3/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-MCw98/SFnGE8fJT3GXwEOngsV7Zt27NXFoaoApmYm81iuXoPkFOJwJ8ERdknLPMO" crossorigin="anonymous"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light"> <a class="navbar-brand"> 使用 Cookie 和 Session 实现会话控制 </a> <a href="action.php?action=logout"> <button class="btn btn-outline-danger my-2 my-sm-0" type="button"> 注销 </button> </a> </nav> <div class="d-flex justify-content-around mt-5"> <div class="card col-5"> <div class="card-body"> <h5 class="card-title"> 会话控制实战内容一 </h5> <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted"> SESSION 部分 </h6> <p class="card-text"> 实现用户认证功能，用户登录、退出与身份识别 </p> </div> </div> <div class="card col-5"> <div class="card-body"> <h5 class="card-title"> 会话控制实战内容二 </h5> <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted"> COOKIE 部分 </h6> <p class="card-text"> 实现登录记住用户功能，七天免登录认证 </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-around mt-4"> <div class="card col-5"> <div class="card-body"> <h5 class="card-title"> 会话控制实战内容一 </h5> <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted"> SESSION 部分 </h6> <p class="card-text"> 实现用户认证功能，用户登录、退出与身份识别 </p> </div> </div> <div class="card col-5"> <div class="card-body"> <h5 class="card-title"> 会话控制实战内容二 </h5> <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted"> COOKIE 部分 </h6> <p class="card-text"> 实现登录记住用户功能，七天免登录认证 </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
接下来是会话控制实例：许愿墙源码
许愿墙首页index.php
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"> <title>许愿墙</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="Css/index.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src='Js/jquery-1.7.2.min.js'></script> <script type="text/javascript" src='Js/index.js'></script> </head> <body> <div id='top'> <a href="wish.php"><span id='send'></span></a> </div> <div id='main'> <?php //连接数据库 $connection=mysqli_connect('127.0.0.1','root','123456'); if(mysqli_connect_error()){ die(mysqli_connect_error()); } mysqli_select_db($connection,'wall'); mysqli_set_charset($connection,'utf8'); $sql="SELECT * FROM wall"; $result=mysqli_query($connection,$sql); //显示留言 while($row=mysqli_fetch_assoc($result)){ $wish_time=$row['wish_time']; $time=date('Y-m-d H:i:s',$wish_time); $id=$row['id']; //判断留言板颜色 switch($row['color']){ case 'a1': echo "<dl class='paper a1'>"; break; case 'a2': echo "<dl class='paper a2'>"; break; case 'a3': echo "<dl class='paper a3'>"; break; case 'a4': echo "<dl class='paper a4'>"; break; case 'a5': echo "<dl class='paper a5'>"; break; default: echo "<dl class='paper a1'>"; break; } echo "<dt>"; echo "<span class='username'>{$row['name']}</span>"; echo "<span class='num'>No.{$row['id']}</span>"; echo "</dt>"; echo "<dd class='content'>{$row['content']}</dd>"; echo "<dd class='bottom'>"; echo "<span class='time'>{$time}</span>"; echo "<a href="delete.php?num={$id}" class='close'></a>"; echo "</dd>"; echo "</dl>"; } mysqli_close($connection); ?> </div> <!--[if IE 6]> <script type="text/javascript" src="./Js/iepng.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> DD_belatedPNG.fix('#send,#close,.close','background'); </script> <![endif]--> </body> </html>
添加愿望页面wish.php
<!DOCTYPE > <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"> <title>许愿墙</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="Css/index.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src='Js/jquery-1.7.2.min.js'></script> <script type="text/javascript" src='Js/index.js'></script> <style type="text/css"> #content { width: 638px; height:650px; margin:0 auto; margin-top:100px; /*background-color:#F0FAFF; border:2px solid #C9F;*/ } #content .c-top{ width: 638px; height: 80px; background: url(./Images/content_top.jpg) no-repeat; } #content .c-bottom{ width: 638px; height: 50px; background: url(./Images/content_bottom.jpg) no-repeat; } .c-content{ width: 638px; height: 470px; background: url(./Images/content_bg.jpg) repeat; } .papercolor{ width:588px; height: 60px; margin-left: 35px; padding-top:15px; } .p-left{ float: left; width: 120px; line-height: 27px; }p-left .p-right{ float: left; } .color330{ float: left; margin-left: 20px; border-right: #404040 1px solid; border-top: #404040 1px solid; border-left:#404040 1px solid; width: 25px; cursor: pointer; border-bottom: #404040 1px solid; height: 25px; } .papercontent{ width: 588px; height: 210px; margin-left: 35px; } .left{ width: 294px; height:100px; float: left; } .right{ width: 294px; height:100px; float: left; } .left-top{ margin-bottom: 10px; } .left-bottom{ } .right-top{ margin-bottom: 10px; } .right-bottom{ width:200px; height:150px; border: 1px solid orange; margin-left:20px; background-color:#E8DEFF; } .name{ clear: both; width: 588px; height: 50px; margin-left: 35px; margin-top:10px; } .name-left{ width:60px; height: 26px; line-height: 26px; float: left; } .name-right{ float: left; } .name-right input{ width: 200px; height: 26px; } .code{ clear: both; width: 588px; height: 50px; margin-left: 35px; margin-top:10px; } .code-left{ width:50px; height: 26px; line-height: 26px; float: left; } .code-content{ width:100px; float: left; } .code-content input{ width: 100px; height: 26px; } .code-right{ float:left; margin-left: 10px; } .code-right input{ width: 40px; height: 26px; background-color: pink; } .submit{ width:174px; height:38px; background: url(./Images/pic_submit.gif) no-repeat; margin-left:217px; } .shuname{ width:80px; height:25px; margin-left: 120px; } span{ font-size: 13px; font-family: "微软雅黑"; } </style> </head> <body> <div id='top'></div> <div id="content"> <div class="c-top"></div> <form action="add.php" method="post" id="myfrom"> <div class="c-content"> <div class="papercolor"> <div class="p-left"> <span>请选择纸条颜色:</span> </div> <div class="p-right"> <div class="color330" id="a1" style="background:#FFDFFF"></div> <div class="color330" id="a2" style="background:#C3FEC0"></div> <div class="color330" id="a3" style="background:#FFE3b8"></div> <div class="color330" id="a4" style="background:#CEECFF"></div> <div class="color330" id="a5" style="background:#E8DEFF"></div> <input type="hidden" value="" name="idvalue" id="idvalue"> </div> </div> <div class="papercontent"> <div class="left"> <div class="left-top"> <span>输入你的祝福纸条内容:</span> </div> <div class="left-bottom"> <textarea cols="25" rows="8" id="textfont" name="textfont"></textarea> </div> </div> <div class="right"> <div class="right-top"> <span>纸条效果预览:</span> </div> <div class="right-bottom"> <div style="height:15px"><span>第x条</span><br/></div> <div style="height:100px;margin-top:10px"><span id="font"></span></div> <div class="shuname"><span id="name">署名:</span></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="name"> <div class="name-left"> <span>您的署名:</span> </div> <div class="name-right"> <input id="nameright" type="text" name="name" value=""> </div> </div> <div class="code"> <div class="code-left"> <span>验证码:</span> </div> <div class="code-content"> <input id="codeone" type="text" name="recode" value=""><span></span> </div> <div class="code-right"> <input id="codetwo" type="text" name="code" value="<?php echo mt_rand(1000,9999); ?>" readonly> </div> </div> <!--<div class="submit"><button type="submit" style="174px;height:38px"></button></div>--> <input style="BORDER-RIGHT: #f33b78 1px outset; BORDER-TOP: #f33b78 1px outset; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; BORDER-LEFT: #f33b78 1px outset; COLOR: #ffffff; BORDER-BOTTOM: #f33b78 1px outset; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #70ae0b;margin-left: 225px" type="submit" value="→ 开始贴许愿小纸条 ←" name="submit" id="submit"> <a href="index.php"><input class="input" type="button" name="Submit2" value="返回"></a> </div> </form> <hr/ style="color:orange;550"> <div class="c-bottom"></div> </div> <!--[if IE 6]> <script type="text/javascript" src="./Js/iepng.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> DD_belatedPNG.fix('#send,#close,.close','background'); </script> <![endif]--> <script type="text/javascript"> //改变颜色 $(".color330").click(function(){ var value=$(this).css("background-color"); var idvalue=$(this).attr("id"); console.log(idvalue); $("#idvalue").attr("value",idvalue); $(".right-bottom").css("background-color",value); }) //改变值触发的事件 var textfont = document.getElementById('textfont'); var font = document.getElementById('font'); textfont.onchange=function(){ font.innerHTML=textfont.value; } //改变值触发的事件 var nameright = document.getElementById('nameright'); nameright.onchange=function(){ document.getElementById("name").innerText="署名: "+nameright.value; } //在填写完毕验证码之后验证是否一致 var codeone = document.getElementById('codeone'); var codetwo = document.getElementById('codetwo'); //表单时区焦点事件 codeone.onblur=function(){ //验证两次验证码是否一致 if(codeone.value != codetwo.value){ this.nextSibling.innerHTML='验证码不一致!' this.nextSibling.style.color='red'; } } $( '#submit' ).click( function () { window.location.href="add.php"; } ); </script> </body> </html>
新增愿望实现add.php
<?php // 获取表单提交数据 $name=$_POST['name']; $textfont=$_POST['textfont']; $wish_time=time(); $color=$_POST['idvalue']; // 数据库操作 $connection=mysqli_connect('127.0.0.1','root','123456'); if(mysqli_connect_error()){ die(mysqli_connect_error()); } mysqli_select_db($connection,'wall'); mysqli_set_charset($connection,'utf8'); $sql="INSERT INTO wall(content,name,wish_time,color) VALUES('$textfont','$name',$wish_time,'$color')"; $result=mysqli_query($connection,$sql); if($result){ echo '<script>alert("发布成功！");document.location = "index.php";</script>'; }else{ echo '<script>alert("发布失败！");document.location = "index.php";</script>'; } mysqli_close($connection); ?>
删除愿望delete.php
<?php //接受要删除的留言id $num=$_GET['num']; // 数据库操作 $connection=mysqli_connect('127.0.0.1','root','123456'); if(mysqli_connect_error()){ die(mysqli_connect_error()); } mysqli_select_db($connection,'wall'); mysqli_set_charset($connection,'utf8'); $sql="DELETE FROM wall WHERE id=$num"; $result=mysqli_query($connection,$sql); if($result){ echo '<script>alert("删除成功！");document.location = "index.php";</script>'; }else{ echo '<script>alert("删除失败！");document.location = "index.php";</script>'; } mysqli_close($connection); ?>
附上数据库结构wall.sql
-- phpMyAdmin SQL Dump -- version 4.8.5 -- https://www.phpmyadmin.net/ -- -- 主机： localhost -- 生成日期： 2019-08-18 22:08:38 -- 服务器版本： 8.0.12 -- PHP 版本： 7.3.4 SET SQL_MODE = "NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO"; SET AUTOCOMMIT = 0; START TRANSACTION; SET time_zone = "+00:00"; /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */; /*!40101 SET NAMES utf8mb4 */; -- -- 数据库： `wall` -- -- -------------------------------------------------------- -- -- 表的结构 `wall` -- CREATE TABLE `wall` ( `id` tinyint(4) NOT NULL COMMENT '留言编号', `content` varchar(200) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '留言内容', `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '匿名的宝宝' COMMENT '署名', `wish_time` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '留言时间', `color` char(2) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '留言背景色' ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- -- 转存表中的数据 `wall` -- INSERT INTO `wall` (`id`, `content`, `name`, `wish_time`, `color`) VALUES (17, '111', '111', 1566136880, 'a1'), (19, '333', '333', 1566136894, 'a3'), (21, '555', '555', 1566136911, 'a5'), (24, '9999', '9999', 1566137235, 'a4'); -- -- 转储表的索引 -- -- -- 表的索引 `wall` -- ALTER TABLE `wall` ADD PRIMARY KEY (`id`); -- -- 在导出的表使用AUTO_INCREMENT -- -- -- 使用表AUTO_INCREMENT `wall` -- ALTER TABLE `wall` MODIFY `id` tinyint(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '留言编号', AUTO_INCREMENT=26; COMMIT; /*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */; /*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */; /*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
知识点补充：
【使用 COOKIE 实现会话控制】
用于存储用户关键信息
保存在客户端（浏览器）
通过 HTTP 请求/响应头传输
【COOKIE 失效】
COOKIE过期
用户手动删除 COOKIE
服务器清除 COOKIE 的有效性
【使用 SESSION 实现会话控制】
用于存储用户相关信息
保存在服务端
通过保存在客户端的 SESSION ID 来定位 SESSION 内容
【SESSION 失效/清除】
COOKIE过期（关闭浏览器）
用户手动删除 COOKIE
服务端删除 SESSION 文件或清空 SESSION 内容