NetCore3.1 使用 mongoDb 存储日志，提升查询效率

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工欲善其事必先利其器，要想使用mongodb，就必须先安装MongoDb服务，关于MongoDb的安装网上有很多教程，我使用的是MongoDb 4.2.1 ，据说4.2版本是最稳定的版本。

关于安装，请参考：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/136763521 或者自行百度。百度是的时候，记得加上版本4.2哦。

安装配置过程中，.在浏览器中输入网址：http://localhost:27017/ 。如果服务启动成功会看到以下一段话：
It looks like you are trying to access MongoDB over HTTP on the native driver port.

这样就说明你的MongoDB安装配置成功了。关于mongoDb的可视化工具，大家可选择：Robomongo，可自行百度下载 ：CSDN下载：https://download.csdn.net/detail/u012238360/12328517。

有了MongoDB服务端以后，我们就可以通过CMD命令来创建数据库，数据表，插入数据，查询数据了。

关于MongoDb的简单使用，

可参考微软教程：https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/aspnet/core/tutorials/first-mongo-app?view=aspnetcore-3.1&tabs=visual-studio

根据微软教程，我整理的相关命令如下：

mongod --dbpath D:MongoDatadatadb
--新开启
mongo
--转换到表
use LogstoreDb
--创建表
db.createCollection('LogsForDg')
--插入
db.LogsForDg.insertMany([{'methodNo':'cloud-180','data':'{}','CreateTime':'2020-02-02'}])
--查询
db.LogsForDg.find({}).pretty()
--VS2019工具
--安装包
Install-Package MongoDB.Driver -Version 2.11.0
--创建实体

    public class LogsForDgModel
    {
        [BsonId]
        [BsonRepresentation(BsonType.ObjectId)]
        public string Id { get; set; }

        [BsonElement("methodNo")]
        public string methodNo { get; set; }

        public string data { get; set; }

        public string CreateTime { get; set; }
    }

    public class LogstoreDatabaseSettings : ILogstoreDatabaseSettings
    {
        public string LogsCollectionName { get; set; }
        public string ConnectionString { get; set; }
        public string DatabaseName { get; set; }
    }

    public interface ILogstoreDatabaseSettings
    {
        public string LogsCollectionName { get; set; }
        public string ConnectionString { get; set; }
        public string DatabaseName { get; set; }
    }

配置文件如下：

{
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Information",
      "Microsoft": "Warning",
      "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"
    }
  },
  "AllowedHosts": "*",
  "ConnectionStrings": {
    "WuAnDBContext": ";User ID=sa;"
  },
  "LogstoreDatabaseSettings": {
    "LogsCollectionName": "LogsForDg",
    "ConnectionString": "mongodb://localhost:27017",
    "DatabaseName": "LogstoreDb"
  }

}

MongoDb的操作类如下：

using IotDtos.MongodbDtos;
using MongoDB.Driver;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace IotApi.Helper.mongo
{
    public class LogService
    {
        private readonly IMongoCollection<LogsForDgModel> _books;

        public LogService(ILogstoreDatabaseSettings settings)
        {
            var client = new MongoClient(settings.ConnectionString);
            var database = client.GetDatabase(settings.DatabaseName);

            _books = database.GetCollection<LogsForDgModel>(settings.LogsCollectionName);
        }

        public List<LogsForDgModel> Get() =>
            _books.Find(book => true).ToList();

        public LogsForDgModel Get(string id) =>
            _books.Find<LogsForDgModel>(book => book.Id == id).FirstOrDefault();

        public LogsForDgModel Create(LogsForDgModel book)
        {
            _books.InsertOne(book);
            return book;
        }

        public void Update(string id, LogsForDgModel bookIn) =>
            _books.ReplaceOne(book => book.Id == id, bookIn);

        public void Remove(LogsForDgModel bookIn) =>
            _books.DeleteOne(book => book.Id == bookIn.Id);

        public void Remove(string id) =>
            _books.DeleteOne(book => book.Id == id);
    }
}

启动类如下：

 启动类完整代码：

 public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddControllers();
            //MongoDb 选项模式
            services.Configure<LogstoreDatabaseSettings>(
                Configuration.GetSection(nameof(LogstoreDatabaseSettings)));

            services.AddSingleton<ILogstoreDatabaseSettings>(sp =>
                sp.GetRequiredService<IOptions<LogstoreDatabaseSettings>>().Value);

            #region 注册JWT
            services.AddAuthentication(x =>
            {
                x.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                x.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
            }).AddJwtBearer(x =>
            {
                x.RequireHttpsMetadata = false;
                x.SaveToken = true;
                x.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
                {
                    ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
                    IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(TokenManagement.Secret)),
                    ValidIssuer = TokenManagement.Issuer,
                    ValidAudience = TokenManagement.Audience,
                    ValidateIssuer = false,
                    ValidateAudience = false
                };
            });
            #endregion

            #region 注册Swagger服务
            // 注册Swagger服务
            services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
            {
                // 添加文档信息
                c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new OpenApiInfo { Title = "IOT相关接口", Version = "V1" });
                //c.SwaggerDoc("demo", new OpenApiInfo { Title = "示例接口", Version = "demo" });
                c.DocInclusionPredicate((docName, apiDesc) => apiDesc.GroupName == docName.ToUpper());
                var basePath = Path.GetDirectoryName(typeof(Program).Assembly.Location);//获取应用程序所在目录（绝对，不受工作目录影响，建议采用此方法获取路径）
                var xmlPath = Path.Combine(basePath, "IotApi.xml");
                c.IncludeXmlComments(xmlPath);
                #region Jwt
                //开启权限小锁
                c.OperationFilter<AddResponseHeadersFilter>();
                c.OperationFilter<AppendAuthorizeToSummaryOperationFilter>();

                //在header中添加token，传递到后台
                c.OperationFilter<SecurityRequirementsOperationFilter>();
                c.AddSecurityDefinition("oauth2", new OpenApiSecurityScheme
                {
                    Description = "JWT授权(数据将在请求头中进行传递)直接在下面框中输入Bearer {token}(注意两者之间是一个空格) "",
                    Name = "Authorization",//jwt默认的参数名称
                    In = ParameterLocation.Header,//jwt默认存放Authorization信息的位置(请求头中)
                    Type = SecuritySchemeType.ApiKey
                });


                #endregion
            });
            #endregion

            #region 注册SQLSERVER
            services.AddDbContext<WuAnDBTestContext>(options =>
                 options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("WuAnDBContext")));
            #endregion

            #region 注册自定义服务
            services.AddScoped<IIotMns, IotMnsService>();
            //MongoDb 日志服务类
            services.AddSingleton<LogService>(); //MongoDb 日志服务类
            #endregion
        }

结合微软教程 及我的代码，即可迅速完成MongoDB的学习。

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