整合Spring与Hibernate

在学习spring的时候，要整合hibernate，本来是看起来挺简单的，但是遇到的远要比想到了多，而且多很多，
期间几天一个bug实在难调，几度放弃，但终究柳暗花明，抑制不住喜悦就想着分享一下成果吧。

1、实体类 User：

import java.util.Date;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;

@Entity
public class User {

    @Id
    @Column(name="user_id")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Integer id;
    @Column(name="user_name")
    private String name;
    private String pass;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date birth;
    
    
    
    public User() {
        
    }
    
    
    public User( String name, String pass, Date birth) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.pass = pass;
        this.birth = birth;
    }
    
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }


    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }


    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getPass() {
        return pass;
    }
    public void setPass(String pass) {
        this.pass = pass;
    }


    public Date getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }


    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }
    
    
}

2、hibernate配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>

    <session-factory>
        <!-- hibernate 所需的配置信息 -->
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property><!--方言-->
        <property name="format_sql">true</property>
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
        
        <!-- hibernate 指定映射类 -->
        <mapping class="com.csu.domain.User"/>
        
    </session-factory>
    
</hibernate-configuration>

3、c3p0数据库连接池所需要的数据库配置信息，放置在jdbc.properties文件中，这样也方便日后修改只需要改动属性文件，
而不需要改动配置文件：

user=root
password=7890
driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring
maxPoolSize=200
minPoolSize=2
initialPoolSize=2

4、spring的配置文件beans.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!-- 整个Spring 文件的根元素就是beans -->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
        
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        ">

       <!-- *****************配置数据源*********************** -->
      
       <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
       
           <property name="locations">
               <!-- 列出需要读取的属性文件 -->
               <list>
                   <value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value>
               </list>
           </property>
               
       </bean>
           
       <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"
           p:user="${user}"
           p:password="${password}"
           p:driverClass="${driverClass}"
           p:jdbcUrl="${jdbcUrl}"
           p:maxPoolSize="${maxPoolSize}"
           p:minPoolSize="${minPoolSize}"
           p:initialPoolSize="${initialPoolSize}"
       />
       <!-- *****************配置数据源*********************** -->
    
    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"
    p:dataSource-ref="dataSource"
    p:configLocation="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"
    />
    <bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate"
    p:sessionFactory-ref="sessionFactory"
    />
        
</beans>

5、测试主类：

import java.util.Date;

import org.hibernate.FlushMode;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate;

import com.csu.domain.User;

public class SpHiTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");

        //直接利用数据库的HibernateTemplate类进行数据库操作，可以极大方便了操作流程
        HibernateTemplate ht = (HibernateTemplate)ctx.getBean("hibernateTemplate");

        ht.save(new User("chen","123",new Date()));        
        
    }

    

}

6、期间碰到的问题是一直出现这个问题：

Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException: Write operations are not allowed in read-only mode (FlushMode.MANUAL): Turn your Session into FlushMode.COMMIT/AUTO or remove 'readOnly' marker from transaction definition.
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTemplate.checkWriteOperationAllowed(HibernateTemplate.java:1128)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTemplate$20.doInHibernate(HibernateTemplate.java:737)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTemplate.doExecute(HibernateTemplate.java:341)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTemplate.executeWithNativeSession(HibernateTemplate.java:309)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTemplate.persist(HibernateTemplate.java:734)
    at com.csu.test.SpHiTest.main(SpHiTest.java:26)

反正无论怎么调都无法正确，最终还是将hibernate4版本换成了hibernate3才得以解决。最后的结果看一下：