Problem Description
Giving two strings and you should judge if they are matched.
The first string contains lowercase letters and uppercase letters.
The second string contains lowercase letters, uppercase letters, and special symbols: “.” and “*”.
. can match any letter, and * means the front character can appear any times. For example, “a.b” can match “acb” or “abb”, “a*” can match “a”, “aa” and even empty string. ( “*” will not appear in the front of the string, and there will not be two consecutive “*”.
The first string contains lowercase letters and uppercase letters.
The second string contains lowercase letters, uppercase letters, and special symbols: “.” and “*”.
. can match any letter, and * means the front character can appear any times. For example, “a.b” can match “acb” or “abb”, “a*” can match “a”, “aa” and even empty string. ( “*” will not appear in the front of the string, and there will not be two consecutive “*”.
Input
The first line contains an integer T implying the number of test cases. (T≤15)
For each test case, there are two lines implying the two strings (The length of the two strings is less than 2500).
For each test case, there are two lines implying the two strings (The length of the two strings is less than 2500).
Output
For each test case, print “yes” if the two strings are matched, otherwise print “no”.
Sample Input
3
aa
a*
abb
a.*
abb
aab
Sample Output
yes
yes
no
题意:给了两个字符串,判断是否匹配。第一个串只包含小写和大写字符,第二个串包含小写、大写字符,还包括‘ . ’和' * ',' . ' 可以匹配任意一个字符,' * ' 表示' * '之前的字符可以重复多次,比如a*可以匹配a、aa、aa……以及空串(注:第二个串不会以' * '开始,也不会有两个连续的' * ')。
思路:考虑DP,每次根据1~i的b串能使a串到达哪些位置,进而推出1~i+1的b串能使a串到达哪些位置。
代码如下:
#include <iostream> #include <algorithm> #include <cstdio> #include <cstring> using namespace std; const int N=2505; char a[N],b[N]; int len1,len2; int dp[N][N]; int main() { int T; cin>>T; while(T--){ scanf("%s%s",a+1,b+1); len1=strlen(a+1); len2=strlen(b+1); memset(dp,0,sizeof(dp)); dp[0][0]=1; for(int i=1;i<=len2;i++) { if(b[i]=='.') { for(int j=0;j<=len1;j++) { if(dp[i-1][j]) dp[i][j+1]=1; } } else if(b[i]=='*') { for(int j=0;j<=len1;j++) { if(dp[i-1][j]) { dp[i][j]=1; dp[i][j-1]=1; while(a[j+1]==a[j]) dp[i][j+1]=1,j++; } } } else { for(int j=0;j<=len1;j++) { if(!dp[i-1][j]) continue; if(a[j+1]==b[i]) dp[i][j+1]=1; else if(b[i+1]=='*') dp[i+1][j]=1; } } } if(dp[len2][len1]) puts("yes"); else puts("no"); } return 0; } /* .*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.* */
比赛中我用的深搜模拟的,会超时,但是如果答案是"yes"的话,会很快的计算出,不会超时;如果是” no "的话,会搜索所有的情况,会超时,这个时候我们可以用一个变量记录一下递归次数,当大于一定次数时默认为“no”的情况,退出搜索。(当然这种做法不是正解,脑洞大开,如果有厉害的数据肯定过不了~)
代码如下:
#include <iostream> #include <algorithm> #include <cstdio> #include <cstring> using namespace std; const int N=2505; char a[N],b[N]; int len1,len2; int h[N]; int c; int dfs(int i,int j) { c++; if(c>1000000) return 0;///默认为"no"的情况; if(i<len1 && j>=len2) return 0; if(i>=len1){ if(j>=len2) return 1; if(j==len2-1 && b[j]=='*') return 1; if(j==len2-1 && b[j]!='*') return 0; if(j<len2-1){ if(b[j]=='*' && h[j+1]) return 1; else if(b[j]!='*' && h[j]) return 1; else return 0; } } if(b[j]=='.') { b[j]=a[i]; int f=dfs(i+1,j+1); b[j]='.'; return f; } if(b[j]=='*') { if(a[i]==b[j-1]){ if(dfs(i+1,j)) return 1; if(dfs(i,j+1)) return 1; if(dfs(i-1,j+1)) return 1; } else { if(dfs(i-1,j+1)) return 1; if(dfs(i,j+1)) return 1; } } if(a[i]==b[j]) return dfs(i+1,j+1); else if(b[j+1]=='*') return dfs(i,j+2); else return 0; } int main() { int T; cin>>T; while(T--){ scanf("%s%s",a,b); c=0; len1=strlen(a); len2=strlen(b); int flag=1; for(int i=len2-1;i>=0;i--) { if(!flag) h[i]=0; else if(b[i]=='*'){ h[i]=1; h[i-1]=1; i--; } else{ h[i]=0; flag=0; } } int ans=dfs(0,0); if(ans) puts("yes"); else puts("no"); } return 0; } /* .*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.* */