43、python模块之socket:
Python在网络通讯方面功能强大,学习一下Socket通讯的基本方式
UDP通讯:
Server:
Client:
import socket port=8081 host='localhost' s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_DGRAM) s.sendto(b'hello,this is a test info !',(host,port))
很简单 。下面是TCP方式:
Server:
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-from socket import * from time import ctime HOST='' PORT=12345 BUFSIZ=1024 ADDR=(HOST, PORT) sock=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM) sock.bind(ADDR) sock.listen(5) while True: print('waiting for connection') tcpClientSock, addr=sock.accept() print('connect from ', addr) while True: try: data=tcpClientSock.recv(BUFSIZ) except: print(e) tcpClientSock.close() break if not data: break s='Hi,you send me :[%s] %s' %(ctime(), data.decode('utf8')) tcpClientSock.send(s.encode('utf8')) print([ctime()], ':', data.decode('utf8')) tcpClientSock.close() sock.close()
Client:
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-from socket import * class TcpClient: HOST='127.0.0.1' PORT=12345 BUFSIZ=1024 ADDR=(HOST, PORT) def __init__(self): self.client=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM) self.client.connect(self.ADDR) while True: data=input('>') if not data: break self.client.send(data.encode('utf8')) data=self.client.recv(self.BUFSIZ) if not data: break print(data.decode('utf8')) if __name__ == '__main__': client=TcpClient()
上面的TCP方式有个问题,不能退出,好吧,我们改造一下,使这个程序可以发送quit命令以退出:
Server:
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-from socket import * from time import ctime from time import localtime import time HOST='' PORT=1122 #设置侦听端口 BUFSIZ=1024 ADDR=(HOST, PORT) sock=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM) sock.bind(ADDR) sock.listen(5) #设置退出条件 STOP_CHAT=False while not STOP_CHAT: print('等待接入,侦听端口:%d' % (PORT)) tcpClientSock, addr=sock.accept() print('接受连接,客户端地址:',addr) while True: try: data=tcpClientSock.recv(BUFSIZ) except: #print(e) tcpClientSock.close() break if not data: break #python3使用bytes,所以要进行编码 #s='%s发送给我的信息是:[%s] %s' %(addr[0],ctime(), data.decode('utf8')) #对日期进行一下格式化 ISOTIMEFORMAT='%Y-%m-%d %X' stime=time.strftime(ISOTIMEFORMAT, localtime()) s='%s发送给我的信息是:%s' %(addr[0],data.decode('utf8')) tcpClientSock.send(s.encode('utf8')) print([stime], ':', data.decode('utf8')) #如果输入quit(忽略大小写),则程序退出 STOP_CHAT=(data.decode('utf8').upper()=="QUIT") if STOP_CHAT: break tcpClientSock.close() sock.close()
Client:
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-from socket import * class TcpClient: #测试,连接本机 HOST='127.0.0.1' #设置侦听端口 PORT=1122 BUFSIZ=1024 ADDR=(HOST, PORT) def __init__(self): self.client=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM) self.client.connect(self.ADDR) while True: data=input('>') if not data: break #python3传递的是bytes,所以要编码 self.client.send(data.encode('utf8')) print('发送信息到%s:%s' %(self.HOST,data)) if data.upper()=="QUIT": break data=self.client.recv(self.BUFSIZ) if not data: break print('从%s收到信息:%s' %(self.HOST,data.decode('utf8'))) if __name__ == '__main__': client=TcpClient()
注:以上代码为Python3。