• kubeadm部署kubernetes


    环境准备三台:

    master:192.168.100.200

    node1:192.168.100.201

    node2:192.168.100.202

     


    1.初始化系统:

    1).配置双击互信:
    [root@master ~]# ssh-keygen
    [root@master .ssh]# mv id_rsa.pub   authorized_keys
    [root@master ~]# for i in 201 202;do scp -r /root/.ssh/  192.168.100.$i:/root/;done
    
    各个节点执行:
    [root@test1 yum.repos.d]# hostnamectl set-hostname master
    [root@test1 yum.repos.d]# hostnamectl set-hostname node1
    [root@test1 yum.repos.d]# hostnamectl set-hostname node2
    
    [root@master ~]# cat /etc/hosts
    127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
    ::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
    192.168.100.200 master
    192.168.100.201 node1
    192.168.100.202 node2
    
    [root@master .ssh]# for i in 201 202;do scp /etc/hosts  192.168.100.$i:/etc/;done
    
    2).配置yum源:
    [root@test1 yum.repos.d]# cat > kubernetes.repo << EOF
    > [kubernetes]
    > name=a li yun 
    > baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
    > gpgcheck=0
    > enabled=1
    > EOF
    
    [root@test1 yum.repos.d]# cat > docker.repo << EOF
    > [docker]
    > name= a li yun 
    > baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/x86_64/stable/
    > gpgcheck=0
    > enabled=1
    > EOF
    
    [root@test1 yum.repos.d]# yum repolist 
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
    ............................
    kubernetes                                                                                                                                           421/421
    repo id                                                                     repo name                                                                  status
    cdrom                                                                       local yum                                                                  3,831
    docker                                                                      a li yun                                                                      61
    kubernetes                                                                  a li yun                                                                     421
    repolist: 4,313
    
    [root@test1 yum.repos.d]# yum makecache fast 
    
    3).关闭swap分区:
    [root@master yum.repos.d]# swapoff -a
    [root@master yum.repos.d]#sed -i '/swap/s@(.*)@#1@' /etc/fstab

    2.安装docker:(各个节点需要安装)

    [root@master .ssh]# yum list docker-ce.x86_64 --showduplicates | sort -r 
    [root@master .ssh]# yum install docker-ce-19.03.4-3.el7 -y
    [root@master yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable docker
    [root@master yum.repos.d]# systemctl restart docker
    
    [root@master yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf 
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
    net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
    
    [root@master yum.repos.d]# cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
    > {
    >   "registry-mirrors": ["https://l6ydvf0r.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
    >    "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=cgroupfs"]
    > }
    > EOF
    
    [root@master yum.repos.d]# systemctl daemon
    -reload && systemctl restart docker [root@master yum.repos.d]# docker info ................................. Labels: Experimental: false Insecure Registries: 127.0.0.0/8 Registry Mirrors: https://l6ydvf0r.mirror.aliyuncs.com/ Live Restore Enabled: false ##其他两个节点同理以上操作。



    3.使用kubeadm部署Kubernetes:

    [root@master yum.repos.d]# yum install  kubectl kubeadm  kubectl  -y
    
    node节点安装:
    [root@node1 ~]# yum install  kubelet kubeadm -y
    
    [root@master yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable kubelet  

    4.初始化集群:

    1.手动拉取镜像文件脚本:
    [root@master kubernetes]# cat docker_images.sh 
    #!/bin/bash
    echo -e "33[31m 正在拉取镜像... 33[0m"
    IMAGE=(kube-apiserver-amd64:v1.16.0 kube-controller-manager-amd64:v1.16.0 etcd-amd64:3.3.15-0 kube-scheduler-amd64:v1.16.0 kube-proxy-amd64:v1.16.0 pause:3.1)
    
    for i in ${IMAGE[@]}; do
        docker pull mirrorgooglecontainers/${i} 
        docker pull coredns/coredns:1.6.2
    done
    
    docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-apiserver-amd64:v1.16.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.16.0
    docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-controller-manager-amd64:v1.16.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.16.0
    docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-scheduler-amd64:v1.16.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.16.0
    docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-proxy-amd64:v1.16.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.16.0
    docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/etcd-amd64:3.3.15-0 k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.3.15-0
    docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/pause:3.1 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1
    docker tag coredns/coredns:1.6.2 k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.2
    
    docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-apiserver-amd64:v1.16.0
    docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-controller-manager-amd64:v1.16.0
    docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/etcd-amd64:3.3.15-0
    docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-scheduler-amd64:v1.16.0
    docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-proxy-amd64:v1.16.0
    docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/pause:3.1
    docker rmi coredns/coredns:1.6.2
    


    [root@master kubernetes]# kubeadm config print init
    -defaults > kubeadm.yaml 修改:vim kubeadm.yaml apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2 bootstrapTokens: - groups: - system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token token: abcdef.0123456789abcdef ttl: 24h0m0s usages: - signing - authentication kind: InitConfiguration localAPIEndpoint: advertiseAddress: 192.168.100.200 ##修改 kubernetesVersion: v1.16.0 networking: dnsDomain: cluster.local serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/12 scheduler: {} networking: podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16 #添加pod网络


    2.初始化集群:
    [root@master kubernetes]# kubeadm init --config  kubeadm.yaml

    
    
    执行:
    [root@master kubernetes]# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
    [root@master kubernetes]# sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
    [root@master kubernetes]# chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
    
    [root@master kubernetes]# kubectl get cs
    NAME                 AGE
    scheduler            <unknown>
    controller-manager   <unknown>
    etcd-0               <unknown>
    
    
    [root@master kubernetes]# kubectl get nodes 
    NAME     STATUS     ROLES    AGE     VERSION
    master   NotReady   master   3m31s   v1.16.2
    
    3.node节点加入集群:在每个节点执行
    [root@node1 ~]# kubeadm join 192.168.100.200:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:2b3a8f91a12240d739e2169078c83b75f19898d58fad3347a00fbc0865f7908f
    [preflight] Running pre-flight checks
        [WARNING IsDockerSystemdCheck]: detected "cgroupfs" as the Docker cgroup driver. The recommended driver is "systemd". Please follow the guide at https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/cri/
    [preflight] Reading configuration from the cluster...
    [preflight] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -oyaml'
    [kubelet-start] Downloading configuration for the kubelet from the "kubelet-config-1.16" ConfigMap in the kube-system namespace
    [kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
    [kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
    [kubelet-start] Activating the kubelet service
    [kubelet-start] Waiting for the kubelet to perform the TLS Bootstrap...
    
    This node has joined the cluster:
    * Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and a response was received.
    * The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details.
    
    Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the control-plane to see this node join the cluster.
    
    
    [root@master kubernetes]# kubectl get nodes 
    NAME     STATUS     ROLES    AGE     VERSION
    master   NotReady   master   6m59s   v1.16.2
    node1    NotReady   <none>   108s    v1.16.2
    node2    NotReady   <none>   8s      v1.16.2
    ##此时已经加入集群了; 

    5.node节点部署kube-proxy:

    [root@master kubernetes]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system 
    NAME                             READY   STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE
    coredns-5644d7b6d9-4hxxk         0/1     Pending             0          91s
    coredns-5644d7b6d9-bbl67         0/1     Pending             0          91s
    etcd-master                      1/1     Running             0          35s
    kube-apiserver-master            1/1     Running             0          43s
    kube-controller-manager-master   1/1     Running             0          25s
    kube-proxy-g9p6p                 1/1     Running             0          91s
    kube-proxy-qvk7d                 0/1     ContainerCreating   0          28s
    kube-proxy-v8wd2                 0/1     ContainerCreating   0          15s
    kube-scheduler-master            1/1     Running             0          46s
    


    [root@master kubernetes]# docker save
    -o kube-proxy.tar k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.16.0 [root@master kubernetes]# docker save -o pause.tar k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1 [root@master kubernetes]# docker save -o coredns.tar k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.2


    [root@master kubernetes]# ll 总用量
    86620 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1319 11月 3 16:26 docker.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 834 11月 3 17:08 kubeadm.yaml -rw------- 1 root root 87930880 11月 3 17:19 kube-proxy.tar -rw------- 1 root root 754176 11月 3 17:19 pause.tar [root@master kubernetes]# for i in node1 node2; do scp kube-proxy.tar pause.tar coredns.tar $i:/root;done ##node节点需要kube-proxy,pause,coredns


    在node节点上执行: [root@node1
    ~]# docker load -i kube-proxy.tar [root@node1 ~]# docker load -i coredns.tar [root@node1 ~]# docker load -i pause.tar

    在master节点查看: [root@master kubernetes]# kubectl
    get pod -n kube-system NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE coredns-5644d7b6d9-4hxxk 0/1 Pending 0 6m42s coredns-5644d7b6d9-bbl67 0/1 Pending 0 6m42s etcd-master 1/1 Running 0 5m46s kube-apiserver-master 1/1 Running 0 5m54s kube-controller-manager-master 1/1 Running 0 5m36s kube-proxy-g9p6p 1/1 Running 0 6m42s kube-proxy-qvk7d 1/1 Running 0 5m39s kube-proxy-v8wd2 1/1 Running 0 5m26s kube-scheduler-master 1/1 Running 0 5m57s

    ##此时kube
    -proxy已经运行起来了。

    6.部署flannel网络:

    [root@master kubernetes]#wget http://k8s.ziji.work/flannel/kube-flannel.yml
    [root@master kubernetes]# docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/jhr-flannel/flannel:v0.9.0-amd64
    [root@master kubernetes]# docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/jhr-flannel/flannel:v0.9.0-amd64 quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64
    
    [root@master kubernetes]# kubectl get nodes
    NAME     STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
    master   Ready    master   4m23s   v1.16.2
    node1    Ready    <none>   2m29s   v1.16.2
    node2    Ready    <none>   2m20s   v1.16.2
    
    [root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system 
    NAME                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
    coredns-5644d7b6d9-9gzkp         0/1     Running   0          143m
    coredns-5644d7b6d9-htf7g         0/1     Running   0          143m
    etcd-master                      1/1     Running   0          142m
    kube-apiserver-master            1/1     Running   0          142m
    kube-controller-manager-master   1/1     Running   0          142m
    kube-flannel-ds-amd64-55q22      1/1     Running   0          141m
    kube-flannel-ds-amd64-7hzmd      1/1     Running   0          141m
    kube-flannel-ds-amd64-9x57c      1/1     Running   0          141m
    kube-proxy-h5r4j                 1/1     Running   0          142m
    kube-proxy-sb8cx                 1/1     Running   0          142m
    kube-proxy-xx5vp                 1/1     Running   0          143m
    kube-scheduler-master            1/1     Running   0          142m
    
    ##此时集群部署完成。

    7.部署集群的dashboard:

    [root@master cert]#wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v1.10.1/src/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
    修改:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
      name: kubernetes-dashboard
      namespace: kube-system
    spec:
      type: NodePort           ##增加此字段
      ports:
        - port: 443
          targetPort: 8443
      selector:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    
    [root@master cert]#kubectl apply
    -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
    [root@master cert]#kubectl
    get svc -n kube-system [root@master kubernetes]# kubectl get svc -n kube-system NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE kube-dns ClusterIP 10.96.0.10 <none> 53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP 18h kubernetes-dashboard NodePort 10.102.151.131 <none> 443:31596/TCP 6m20s 此时用谷歌浏览器可以访问:https://node_IP:31596
    ##此时浏览器会显示无法登陆,需要创建证书#生成证书

    openssl genrsa -out dashboard.key 2048openssl req -new -out dashboard.csr -key dashboard.key -subj '/CN=serviceip '
    openssl x509 -req -in dashboard.csr -signkey dashboard.key -out dashboard.crt 
    #删除原有的证书secret kubectl delete secret kubernetes-dashboard-certs -n kube-system
    #创建新的证书secret kubectl create secret generic kubernetes
    -dashboard-certs --from-file=dashboard.key --from-file=dashboard.crt -n kube-system
    #查看pod kubectl
    get pod -n kube-system
    #重启pod kubectl delete pod
    <pod name> -n kube-system 此时再次登陆:



    ##此时还是无法登陆,需要我们创建serviveaccount账号和授权:

     

    
    创建dashboard管理用户

    kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system

    
    绑定用户为集群管理用户
    

    kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-cluster-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin

    
    

    8.此时登陆获取token:

     

    [root@master kubernetes]# kubectl describe secret -n kube-system dashboard-admin

    
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/ccbyk-90/p/11791755.html
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