(1)设置网络
(2)安装一个中文输入法
(3)CUDA+驱动+cuDNN+添加到系统环境中
(4)禁止内核更新
(5)安装好opencv之后，查看安装的版本
(6)查看自带的python版本
(7)设置系统里python的默认版本
(8)配python-opencv
(9)不管是用pip装什么模块，前面尽量不要加sudo
(10) Ubuntu16.04内核更新，导致驱动丢失
(11)ubuntu16.04 修改配置文件 禁止系统自动更新
(12)ubuntu16.04 + virtualenv + py2.7 + tf15.0 + keras2.2.4 + opencv2.4.9 +Numpy1.14
(13)使用虚拟机Virtualenv
(14)卸载opencv4.1.1.26重配置opencv2.4.9
(15)安装contrib包的几种方式
@20190906 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1)设置网络。设置IP，保证能上网。192.168.1.191； 255.255.255.0；192.168.1.1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2)安装一个中文输入法，方便日常工作。@https://blog.csdn.net/suifenghahahaha/article/details/78723733 ，Ubuntu 16.04安装iBus中文输入法pinyin及问题，能用就行，也不一定非要搜狗输入法。 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (3)CUDA+驱动+cuDNN+添加到系统环境中 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (4)禁止内核更新 查看内核：sudo dpkg --get-selections | grep 'linux' ... linux-generic-hwe-16.04 install linux-headers-4.15.0-45 install linux-headers-4.15.0-45-generic install linux-headers-generic-hwe-16.04 install linux-image-4.15.0-45-generic install linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04 install linux-libc-dev:amd64 install linux-modules-4.15.0-45-generic install linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-45-generic install linux-signed-generic-hwe-16.04 install linux-sound-base install 执行： sudo apt-mark hold linux-headers-4.15.0-45 linux-headers-4.15.0-45-generic linux-image-4.15.0-45-generic linux-modules-4.15.0-45-generic linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-45-generic echo "linux-headers-4.15.0-45 hold" | dpkg --set-selections echo "linux-headers-4.15.0-45-generic hold" | dpkg --set-selections echo "linux-image-4.15.0-45-generic hold" | dpkg --set-selections echo "linux-modules-4.15.0-45-generic hold" | dpkg --set-selections echo "linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-45-generic hold" | dpkg --set-selections ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- （5）安装好opencv之后，查看安装的版本 pkg-config --modversion opencv u@u160406:~$ pkg-config --modversion opencv 3.4.2 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- （6）查看自带的python版本 u@u160406:~$ python Python 2.7.12 (default, Nov 12 2018, 14:36:49) [GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> exit() u@u160406:~$ python3 Python 3.5.2 (default, Nov 12 2018, 13:43:14) [GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> exit() u@u160406:~$ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- （7）设置系统里python的默认版本 显示说明，python默认的是Python 2.7.12，但还存在Python 3.5.2。 接着，可以罗列出所有可用的 python 替代版本信息： update-alternatives --list python 提示：update-alternatives: error: no alternatives for python 如果出现以上所示的错误信息，则表示 Python 的替代版本尚未被 update-alternatives 命令识别。 想解决这个问题，需要更新一下替代列表，将 python2.7 和 python3.5 放入其中。打开终端分别输入下面两条命令： $ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python2 1 $ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3 2 #sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python2 100 #sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3 150 然后再终端输入： python 如果无误，此时python版本应该切换到默认的python3了。 如果需要重新切换python版本，只需要在终端输入： sudo update-alternatives --config python 然后选者你需要的python版本，输入序号回车即可。 查看默认版本 python --version 上述命令中因为我们设置 /usr/bin/python3.5 设置的优先级为2 所以update-alternatives命令自己设置3.5为默认。再次显示Python代替版本信息： update-alternatives --list python 切换版本： update-alternatives --config python 移除替代版本，一旦系统中不再存在某个 Python 的替代版本时，我们可以将其从 update-alternatives 列表中删除掉。例如，我们可以将列表中的 python2.7 版本移除掉。 wp@wp-MS-7519:~$ update-alternatives --remove python /usr/bin/python2.7 update-alternatives: removing manually selected alternative - switching python to auto mode update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/python3.4 to provide /usr/bin/python (python) in auto mode ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (8)配python-opencv 若无pip，先安装pip3，执行命令： sudo apt install python3-pip 安装依赖项，安装libopencv-dev依赖包，运行命令： sudo apt install libopencv-dev 安装opencv-python库 1. 直接安装最新版：sudo pip3 install opencv-python 2. 或者可以进行指定版本安装：pip3 install opencv_python==版本号 由于我这里是安装opencv3.4.2，目前的最新版是3.4.2.16 所以直接执行：pip3 install opencv_python==3.4.2.16 【备注，这一步的提前准备工作】 通常情况下，你的电脑里如果安装了python2.x也同时安装了python3.x，那么应该就会有两个pip。一个是pip2，另一个是pip3。好吧，可能还有一个既没有2，也米有3的pip，一般情况下，pip==pip2。 1、python下发现无pip，安装一个pip: pip --version The program 'pip' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing: sudo apt install python-pip py2执行: sudo apt install python-pip py3执行: sudo apt install python3-pip 2、更新pip版本： py2执行: pip install --upgrade pip 或者 python -m pip install --upgrade pip py3执行: pip3 install --upgrade pip 或者 python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip 3、查看python版本： pip --version pip -V 4、问题解决 >>>>在默认py3下运行，会报错： u@u160406:~$ pip -V Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pip", line 9, in <module> from pip import main ImportError: cannot import name 'main' u@u160406:~$ sudo gedit /usr/bin/pip 记得系统的默认py版本在执行相关的操作命令： sudo gedit /usr/bin/pip3 //修改前 from pip import main if __name__ == '__main__': sys.exit(main()) //修改后#@wp20190906 add from pip import __main__ if __name__ == '__main__': sys.exit(__main__._main()) 在执行下列民令就不会报错了： pip3 --version pip3 -V ---------------------------python3安装opencv_python==3.4.2 u@u160406:~$ pip3 install opencv_python==3.4.2 Collecting opencv_python==3.4.2 ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement opencv_python==3.4.2 (from versions: 3.1.0.0, 3.1.0.1, 3.1.0.2, 3.1.0.3, 3.1.0.4, 3.1.0.5, 3.2.0.6, 3.2.0.7, 3.2.0.8, 3.3.0.9, 3.3.0.10, 3.3.1.11, 3.4.0.12, 3.4.0.14, 3.4.1.15, 3.4.2.16, 3.4.2.17, 3.4.3.18, 3.4.4.19, 3.4.5.20, 4.0.0.21, 4.0.1.23, 4.0.1.24, 4.1.0.25, 4.1.1.26) ERROR: No matching distribution found for opencv_python==3.4.2 u@u160406:~$ pip3 install opencv_python==3.4.2.16 ERROR: No matching distribution found for numpy>=1.11.1 (from opencv_python==3.4.2.16) 查看Numpy版本: python3 import numpy print numpy.__version__ pip show numpy 查看numpy版本; pip install -U numpy==1.12.0，降低numpy的版本 执行: pip3 install numpy==1.9.3 报错: Consider using the `--user` option or check the permissions. 改执行: sudo pip3 install numpy==1.9.3 ???? ... Installing collected packages: numpy Successfully installed numpy-1.17.1 执行: sudo pip3 install opencv_python==3.4.2.16 ... Successfully installed opencv-python-3.4.2.16 u@u160406:~$ python Python 3.5.2 (default, Nov 12 2018, 13:43:14) [GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import cv2 >>> cv2.__version__ '3.4.2' >>> ---------------------------python2安装opencv_python==3.4.2 pip install opencv_python==3.4.2 不好用 python2 -m pip install opencv-python 不好用 pip install --user -U numpy 升级numpy的版本 然后查看python3的安装路径，打开终端输入: which python3 #查看python3的安装路径 pip install --user opencv_python==3.4.2 pip install --user opencv_python==3.4.2.17 ... Successfully installed opencv-python-3.4.2.17 u@u160406:~$ python Python 2.7.12 (default, Nov 12 2018, 14:36:49) [GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import cv2 >>> cv2.__version__ '3.4.2' >>> (9)不管是用pip装什么模块，前面尽量不要加sudo sudo是linux系统管理指令，是允许系统管理员让普通用户执行一些或者全部的root命令的一个工具，如halt，reboot，su等等。这样不仅减少了root用户的登录 和管理时间，同样也提高了安全性。sudo不是对shell的一个代替，它是面向每个命令的。 python 通过pip安装程序包的时候提示:Consider using the `--user` option or check the permissions. 原因不明，解决方法： 1、通过pip install pandas --user 安装 2、通过pip install pandas --user pandas安装 (10) Ubuntu16.04内核更新，导致驱动丢失 【吐血重装n次，发现可以后，过几天又显示nvidia-smi 未找到命令。终于知道原因：Ubuntu16.04内核更新。重新更换成旧内核就行。开机界面 Advanced potion for Ubuntu 选择旧版本 】 u@u160406:~$ nvidia-smi NVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldn't communicate with the NVIDIA driver. Make sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running. u@u160406:~$ cat /etc/issue Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS l u@u160406:~$ uname -r 4.15.0-60-generic u@u160406:~$ 禁止更新内核，需时间来验证 sudo apt-mark hold linux-image-x.xx.x-xx-generic sudo apt-mark hold linux-image-extra-x.xx.x-xx-generic 实践证明，不好使。 （11）ubuntu16.04 修改配置文件 禁止系统自动更新 修改配置文件/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10periodic 然后0是关闭,将所有值改为0 vim etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10periodic APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists “0”; APT::Periodic::Download-Upgradeable-Packages “0”; APT::Periodic::AutocleanInterval “0”; 启用自动更新,要启用软件包的自动更新，需要编辑自动升级配置。举例： 进入' /etc/apt/apt.conf.d '目录，使用vim编辑配置文件' 20auto-upgrades '。 cd /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/ vim 20auto-upgrades 进行如下配置。 APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists "1"; APT::Periodic::Download-Upgradeable-Packages "1"; APT::Periodic::AutocleanInterval "3"; APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade "1"; (12)ubuntu16.04 + virtualenv + py2.7 + tf15.0 + keras2.2.4 + opencv2.4.9 +Numpy1.14 sudo pip install virtualenv -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple/ --trusted-host pypi.douban.com >>>>> Looking in indexes: http://pypi.douban.com/simple/ Collecting virtualenv Downloading http://pypi.doubanio.com/packages/8b/12/8d4f45b8962b03ac9efefe5ed5053f6b29334d83e438b4fe379d21c0cb8e/virtualenv-16.7.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl (3.3MB) |████████████████████████████████| 3.3MB 2.5MB/s Installing collected packages: virtualenv Successfully installed virtualenv-16.7.5 source bin/activate pip install --upgrade tensorflow==1.5.0 //pip install tensorflow-gpu >>> import tensorflow as tf >>> hello = tf.constant('Hello, TensorFlow!') >>> session = tf.Session() >>> print session.run(hello) or $ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/gpu/tensorflow-0.10.0-cp27-none-linux_x86_64.whl $ pip install TF_BINARY_URL pip install keras==2.2.4 pip install python-opencv==2.4.9 //如果没有安装annaconda的话，貌似要把opencv-python换成python-opencv。 Collecting opencv-python==2.4.9 sudo apt-get install python-opencv python -m pip install opencv-python==2.4.9 ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement opencv-python==2.4.9 (from versions: 3.1.0.0, 3.1.0.1, 3.1.0.2, 3.1.0.3, 3.1.0.4, 3.1.0.5, 3.2.0.6, 3.2.0.7, 3.2.0.8, 3.3.0.9, 3.3.0.10, 3.3.1.11, 3.4.0.12, 3.4.0.14, 3.4.1.15, 3.4.2.16, 3.4.2.17, 3.4.3.18, 3.4.4.19, 3.4.5.20, 3.4.6.27, 3.4.7.28, 4.0.0.21, 4.0.1.23, 4.0.1.24, 4.1.0.25, 4.1.1.26) ERROR: No matching distribution found for opencv-python==2.4.9 python -m pip install opencv-python pip install opencv-contrib-python pip uninstall opencv-contrib-python-4.1.1.26 Installing collected packages: opencv-python Successfully installed opencv-python-4.1.1.26 Successfully installed opencv-contrib-python-4.1.1.26 python >>>import cv2 >>>cv2.__version__ >>>import keras python -m pip install --user numpy scipy matplotlib ipython jupyter pandas sympy nose pip install numpy==1.14 Found existing installation: numpy 1.16.5 Uninstalling numpy-1.16.5: Successfully uninstalled numpy-1.16.5 Successfully installed numpy-1.14.0 >>> from numpy import * >>> eye(4) 解决引入keras后出现的Using TensorFlow backend的错误,在引入头文件之后，加入 import os os.environ['KERAS_BACKEND']='tensorflow' (13)使用虚拟机Virtualenv 启动虚拟环境 cd [虚拟环境名称]/ source bin/activate ... 退出虚拟环境: deactivate (14)卸载opencv4.1.1.26重配置opencv2.4.9 pip uninstall opencv-python Uninstalling opencv-python-4.1.1.26: Would remove: /home/u/Virtualenv/py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cv2/* /home/u/Virtualenv/py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/opencv_python-4.1.1.26.dist-info/* Proceed (y/n)? y Successfully uninstalled opencv-python-4.1.1.26 wget -O opencv.zip https://github.com/Itseez/opencv/archive/2.4.9.zip wget -O opencv-3.3.0.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/2.4.9.zip wget -O opencv_contrib.zip https://github.com/Itseez/opencv_contrib/archive/2.4.9.zip wget -O opencv-3.3.0.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/2.4.9.zip cmake -D MAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$VIRTUAL_ENV/local/ -D PYTHON_EXECUTABLE=$VIRTUAL_ENV/bin/python -D PYTHON_PACKAGES_PATH=$VIRTUAL_ENV/lib/python2.7/site-packages -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON .. cmake -D MAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/home/u/Virtualenv/py2/local/ -D PYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/home/u/Virtualenv/py2/bin/python -D PYTHON_PACKAGES_PATH=/home/u/Virtualenv/py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON .. cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/opencv3.4.2 .. cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/opencv2.4.9 .. cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/home/u/Virtualenv/py2/local/ -D PYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/home/u/Virtualenv/py2/bin/python -D PYTHON_PACKAGES_PATH=/home/u/Virtualenv/py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages .. cmake .. -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCUDA_nppi_LIBRARY=true -DWITH_CUDA=OFF .. make -j sudo make install 解决Using TensorFlow backend 在引入头文件之后，加入 import os os.environ['KERAS_BACKEND']='tensorflow' 1. tk开发包： sudo apt-get install tk-dev 2. Python的tk模块：sudo apt-get install python-tk wget -O opencv_contrib.zip https://github.com/Itseez/opencv_contrib/archive/4.1.1.zip wget -O opencv-3.3.0.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/4.1.1.zip wget -O opencv_contrib.zip https://github.com/Itseez/opencv_contrib/archive/3.4.2.zip wget https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/4.1.1.zip 可选安装依赖 sudo apt-get install libprotobuf-dev protobuf-compiler sudo apt-get install libgoogle-glog-dev libgflags-dev sudo apt-get install libgphoto2-dev libeigen3-dev libhdf5-dev doxygen opencv源码文件夹与opencv_contrib源码文件夹在同一级目录 $ cd opencv $ mkdir build $ cd build cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/opencv4.1.1 -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=../../opencv_contrib/modules -D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=YES -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON .. mkdir build && cd build cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/opencv4.1.1 -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=../../opencv_contrib-4.1.1/modules .. cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/opencv4.1.1 -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON-D WITH_TBB=ON -D WITH_V4L=ON -D WITH_QT=ON -D WITH_OPENGL=ON -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/Dev/opencv_contrib-3.4.2/modules -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON .. -- Found Threads: TRUE -- A library with BLAS API not found. Please specify library location. -- LAPACK requires BLAS -- A library with LAPACK API not found. Please specify library location. $ make -j4 $ sudo make install $ sudo ldconfig -- A library with LAPACK API found. -- Could NOT find JNI (missing: JAVA_AWT_LIBRARY JAVA_JVM_LIBRARY JAVA_INCLUDE_PATH JAVA_INCLUDE_PATH2 JAVA_AWT_INCLUDE_PATH) -- VTK is not found -- Checking for module 'libavresample' -- No package 'libavresample' found -- Checking for module 'gstreamer-base-1.0' -- No package 'gstreamer-base-1.0' found -- Checking for module 'gstreamer-app-1.0' -- No package 'gstreamer-app-1.0' found -- Checking for module 'gstreamer-riff-1.0' -- No package 'gstreamer-riff-1.0' found -- Checking for module 'gstreamer-pbutils-1.0' -- No package 'gstreamer-pbutils-1.0' found sudo apt-get install libblas-dev liblapack-dev sudo apt-get install java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel python -m pip install vtk python -m pip sudo apt-get -y install libavresample-dev libgstreamer0.10-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev sudo apt-get install libgt....... #少多少就加多少，报错一直安装，直到如下报错 checking for module 'gstreamer-base-1.0' -- package 'gstreamer-base-1.0' not found -- checking for module 'gstreamer-video-1.0' -- package 'gstreamer-video-1.0' not found -- checking for module 'gstreamer-app-1.0' -- package 'gstreamer-app-1.0' not found -- checking for module 'gstreamer-riff-1.0' -- package 'gstreamer-riff-1.0' not found -- checking for module 'gstreamer-pbutils-1.0' ———————————————— sudo apt-get -y install libopencv-dev build-essential cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config python-dev python-numpy libdc1394-22 libdc1394-22-dev libjpeg-dev libpng12-dev libjasper-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libgstreamer0.10-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev libv4l-dev libtbb-dev libqt4-dev libfaac-dev libmp3lame-dev libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev libtheora-dev libvorbis-dev libxvidcore-dev x264 v4l-utils unzip --fix-missing 原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/tengxing007/article/details/54380732 1. looking for ccache --not found sudo apt-get install ccache 4. no package 'gtk+-3.0 found' sudo apt-get install build-essential libgtk-3-dev ImportError: No module named numpy.distutils.core 解决方法：使用“pip install numpy”命令安装 numpy 问题二： -- No package 'gtk+-3.0' found $ sudo apt-get install libgtk-3-dev 问题三： -- No package 'gstreamer-base-1.0' found -- No package 'gstreamer-video-1.0' found -- No package 'gstreamer-app-1.0' found -- No package 'gstreamer-riff-1.0' found -- No package 'gstreamer-pbutils-1.0' found sudo apt-get -y install libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev sudo apt-get -y install libgstreamer1.0-dev 问题四: -- No package 'libavresample' found -- No package 'libgphoto2' found $ sudo apt-get -y install libavresample-dev $ sudo apt-get -y install libgphoto2-dev 问题五: -- Could not find OpenBLAS include. Turning OpenBLAS_FOUND off -- Could not find OpenBLAS lib. Turning OpenBLAS_FOUND off -- Could NOT find Atlas (missing: Atlas_CBLAS_INCLUDE_DIR Atlas_CLAPACK_INCLUDE_DIR Atlas_CBLAS_LIBRARY Atlas_BLAS_LIBRARY Atlas_LAPACK_LIBRARY) -- Could NOT find Doxygen (missing: DOXYGEN_EXECUTABLE) -- Could NOT find JNI (missing: JAVA_AWT_LIBRARY JAVA_JVM_LIBRARY JAVA_INCLUDE_PATH JAVA_INCLUDE_PATH2 JAVA_AWT_INCLUDE_PATH) -- Could NOT find Matlab (missing: MATLAB_MEX_SCRIPT MATLAB_INCLUDE_DIRS MATLAB_ROOT_DIR MATLAB_LIBRARIES MATLAB_LIBRARY_DIRS MATLAB_MEXEXT MATLAB_ARCH MATLAB_BIN) -- VTK is not found. Please set -DVTK_DIR in CMake to VTK build directory, or to VTK install subdirectory with VTKConfig.cmake file $ sudo apt-get install libopenblas-dev 问题六: -- Could NOT find Doxygen (missing: DOXYGEN_EXECUTABLE) $ sudo apt-get install doxygen 问题七: -- Could NOT find JNI (missing: JAVA_AWT_LIBRARY JAVA_JVM_LIBRARY JAVA_INCLUDE_PATH JAVA_INCLUDE_PATH2 JAVA_AWT_INCLUDE_PATH) a.下载jdk-8u151-linux-x64.tar.gz到download目录 http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/cn/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151-zhs.html b.安装jdk $ cd download/ $ sudo mkdir /usr/local/java $ sudo tar zxvf jdk-8u151-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/java $ sudo ln -s /usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_151/ /usr/local/java/latest c. 添加环境变量： $ sudo vim /etc/profile 加入如下内容： export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/latest export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin 执行 $ source /etc/profile 进行更新。 没有报错的情况下，cmake成功后会出现 原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41896508/article/details/80795239 apt install libopenblas-base libopenblas-dev $ make -j4 $ sudo make install $ sudo ldconfig 然后添加环境变量PKG_CONFIG_PATH到~/.bashrc export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/opencv4.1.1/lib/pkgconfig export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/opencv4.1.1/lib ------------------------------------------------ (15)安装contrib包时有如下3种方式： 1、可从https://pypi.python.org/pypi/opencv-contrib-python去下载并安装。 2、到https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/去下载opencv_python‑3.3.1+contrib‑cp36‑cp36m‑win_amd64.whl。 3、contrib包的源代码地址：https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib也可自行编译。 -----------------------------------------------