• hdu 4656 Evaluation [任意模数fft trick]


    hdu 4656 Evaluation

    题意:给出(n,b,c,d,f(x) = sum_{i=1}^{n-1} a_ix^i),求(f(bcdot c^{2k}+d):0le k < n)

    取模(10^6+3)


    昨天刚看过《具体数学》上求和一章

    代入(bcdot c^{2k}+d)然后展开,交换求和顺序,得到

    [f(k) = sum_{j=0}^n frac{b^j c^{2kj}}{j!} sum_{i=j}^n a_i i! frac{d^{i-j}}{(i-j)!} ]

    后面的式子反转后变成卷积,fft预处理(p_j = sum_{i=j}^n a_i i! frac{d^{i-j}}{(i-j)!})

    那么我们要求

    [f(k) = sum_{j=0}^n frac{b^j c^{2kj} p_j}{j!} ]

    到这里就不会了,看了叉姐的课件,很神的一步来转化成卷积

    [(k-j)^2 = k^2 + j^2 - 2kj ]

    代入之后得到

    [f_k = c^{k^2}sum_{j=0}^n frac{b^j c^{j^2}p_j}{j!c^{(k-j)^2}} ]

    再次fft就行了

    注意,指数带着平方可以为负,所以我们先乘上(x^n)

    然后还要用拆系数fft.... 完虐ntt怒拿rank1

    #include <iostream>
    #include <cstdio>
    #include <cstring>
    #include <algorithm>
    #include <cmath>
    #include <ctime>
    using namespace std;
    typedef long long ll;
    const int N = (1<<18) + 5, mo = 1e6+3, P = 1e6+3;
    const double PI = acos(-1.0);
    inline int read() {
        char c=getchar(); int x=0,f=1;
        while(c<'0'||c>'9') {if(c=='-')f=-1;c=getchar();}
        while(c>='0'&&c<='9') {x=x*10+c-'0';c=getchar();}
        return x*f;
    }
    
    struct meow{
        double x, y;
        meow(double a=0, double b=0):x(a), y(b){}
    };
    meow operator +(meow a, meow b) {return meow(a.x+b.x, a.y+b.y);}
    meow operator -(meow a, meow b) {return meow(a.x-b.x, a.y-b.y);}
    meow operator *(meow a, meow b) {return meow(a.x*b.x-a.y*b.y, a.x*b.y+a.y*b.x);}
    meow conj(meow a) {return meow(a.x, -a.y);}
    typedef meow cd;
    
    namespace fft {
    	int maxlen, rev[N];
    	cd omega[N], omegaInv[N];
    	void init(int lim) {
    		maxlen = 1; while(maxlen < lim) maxlen<<=1;
    		for(int i=0; i<maxlen; i++) {
    			omega[i] = cd(cos(2*PI/maxlen*i), sin(2*PI/maxlen*i));
    			omegaInv[i] = conj(omega[i]);
    		}
    	}
    	void dft(cd *a, int n, int flag) {
    		cd *w = flag == 1 ? omega : omegaInv;
    		int k = 0; while((1<<k) < n) k++;
    		for(int i=0; i<n; i++) {
    			rev[i] = (rev[i>>1]>>1) | ((i&1)<<(k-1));
    			if(i < rev[i]) swap(a[i], a[rev[i]]);
    		}
    		for(int l=2; l<=n; l<<=1) {
    			int m = l>>1;
    			for(cd *p = a; p != a+n; p += l) 
    				for(int k=0; k<m; k++) {
    					cd t = w[maxlen/l*k] * p[k+m];
    					p[k+m] = p[k] - t;
    					p[k] = p[k] + t;
    				}
    		}
    		if(flag == -1) for(int i=0; i<n; i++) a[i].x /= n;
    	}
    
    	cd a[N], b[N], c[N], d[N];
    	
    	void mul_any(int *x, int *y, int lim) {
    		int n = maxlen;
    		for(int i=0; i<lim; i++) {
    			a[i] = cd(x[i]>>15), b[i] = cd(x[i]&32767);
    			c[i] = cd(y[i]>>15), d[i] = cd(y[i]&32767);
    		}
    		for(int i=lim; i<n; i++) a[i] = b[i] = c[i] = d[i] = cd();
    		dft(a, n, 1); dft(b, n, 1); dft(c, n, 1); dft(d, n, 1);
    		for(int i=0; i<n; i++) {
    			cd _a = a[i], _b = b[i], _c = c[i], _d = d[i];
    			a[i] = _a * _c;
    			b[i] = _a * _d + _b * _c;
    			c[i] = _b * _d;
    		}
    		dft(a, n, -1); dft(b, n, -1); dft(c, n, -1);
    		for(int i=0; i<lim; i++) x[i] = ( (ll(a[i].x + 0.5) %mo <<30) + (ll(b[i].x + 0.5) %mo <<15) + ll(c[i].x + 0.5)%mo) %mo;
    	}
    }
    
    inline ll Pow(ll a, int b) {
    	ll ans = 1;
    	for(; b; b>>=1, a=a*a%P)
    		if(b&1) ans=ans*a%P;
    	return ans;
    }
    int n, a[N], b, c, d, p[N], g[N], f[N], c2[N];
    ll inv[N], fac[N], facInv[N];
    int main() {
    	freopen("in", "r", stdin);
    	n=read(); b=read(); c=read(); d=read();
    	for(int i=0; i<n; i++) a[i] = read();
    	fft::init(n+n+1);
    	
    	inv[1] = fac[0] = facInv[0] = 1;
    	for(int i=1; i<=n; i++) {
    		if(i != 1) inv[i] = (P-P/i) * inv[P%i] %P;
    		fac[i] = fac[i-1] * i %P;
    		facInv[i] = facInv[i-1] * inv[i] %P;
    	}
    
    	ll mi = 1;
    	for(int i=0; i<=n; i++, mi = mi * d %P) p[i] = a[n-i] * fac[n-i] %P, g[i] = mi * facInv[i] %P;
    	fft::mul_any(p, g, n+1);
    	for(int i=0; i<=n>>1; i++) swap(p[i], p[n-i]);
    
    	mi = 1;
    	memset(g, 0, sizeof(g));
    	for(int i=0; i<=n; i++, mi = mi * b %P) {
    		int t = Pow(c, (ll) i * i %(P-1));
    		f[i] = mi * t %P * p[i] %P * facInv[i] %P;
    		if(i != n) g[i + n] = g[n - i] = Pow(t, P-2);
    		//if(i != n) g[i + n-1] = g[n-1 - i] = Pow(t, P-2);
    		c2[i] = t; 
    	}
    	fft::mul_any(f, g, n+n+1);
    	for(int i=0; i<n; i++) f[i+n] = (ll) f[i+n] * c2[i] %P, printf("%d
    ", f[i+n]);
    	//for(int i=0; i<n; i++) f[i+n-1] = (ll) f[i+n-1] * c2[i] %P, printf("%d
    ", f[i+n-1]);
    }
    
    
  • 相关阅读:
    高并发系统设计(二十):分布式架构如何跟踪排查慢请求问题?
    Git将多个commit合并成一个commit
    高并发系统设计(十九)【注册中心】:微服务架构结合RPC框架如何做到分布式系统寻址?
    高并发系统设计(十八):【RPC框架】10万QPS下如何实现毫秒级的服务调用?
    AfxSocketInit()
    TEXTMETRIC 结构详解
    OnInitialUpdate函数
    SetForegroundWindow
    GetSafeHwnd()函数
    MFC之CCommandLineInfo
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/candy99/p/6754278.html
Copyright © 2020-2023  润新知