File Uplaod，即文件上传漏洞，通常是由于对上传文件的类型、内容没有进行严格的过滤、检查，使得攻击者可以通过上传木马获取服务器的Webshell权限，因此文件上传漏洞带来的危害常常是毁灭性的，Apache、Tomcat、Nginx等都曝出过文件上传漏洞。
LOW
源码
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'Upload' ] ) ) {
// Where are we going to be writing to?
$target_path = DVWA_WEB_PAGE_TO_ROOT . "hackable/uploads/"; //设置上传目录
$target_path .= basename( $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ] ); //上传目录加上‘uploaded’表单参数所提交的文件名
// Can we move the file to the upload folder?
if( !move_uploaded_file( $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'tmp_name' ], $target_path ) ) { //移动上传的文件到目标路径
// No
echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded.</pre>';
}
else {
// Yes!
echo "<pre>{$target_path} succesfully uploaded!</pre>";
}
}
?>
可以看出，服务器对上传文件的类型、内容没有做任何的检查、过滤，存在明显的文件上传漏洞，生成上传路径后，服务器会检查是否上传成功并返回相应的提示信息。
漏洞利用
文件上传漏洞的利用是有条件限制的，首先当然是能够成功上传木马文件，其次上传文件必须能够被执行，最后就是上传文件的路径必须可知。
①上传一句话木马文件
②返回路径
③中国菜刀链接，获得权限
Medium
源码
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'Upload' ] ) ) {
// Where are we going to be writing to?
$target_path = DVWA_WEB_PAGE_TO_ROOT . "hackable/uploads/";
$target_path .= basename( $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ] );
// File information
$uploaded_name = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ];
$uploaded_type = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'type' ];
$uploaded_size = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'size' ];
// Is it an image?
if( ( $uploaded_type == "image/jpeg" || $uploaded_type == "image/png" ) &&
( $uploaded_size < 100000 ) ) {
// Can we move the file to the upload folder?
if( !move_uploaded_file( $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'tmp_name' ], $target_path ) ) {
// No
echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded.</pre>';
}
else {
// Yes!
echo "<pre>{$target_path} succesfully uploaded!</pre>";
}
}
else {
// Invalid file
echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded. We can only accept JPEG or PNG images.</pre>';
}
}
?>
可以看出代码对于上传文件的类型、大小做了限制，要求文件类型必须是jepg或者png，大小不能超过100000B（约为97.6KB）
漏洞利用
我们通过burpsuite抓包并修改文件类型。
①上传test.png
修改完成之后店址Forward， Forward是发送这个包，drop是丢弃这个包，Action是发送这个包到其他模块。
上传成功！
②中国菜刀链接（刚才我没有修改文件名，效果不太明显，我重新上传了czs.png查看一下。）
High
源码
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'Upload' ] ) ) {
// Where are we going to be writing to?
$target_path = DVWA_WEB_PAGE_TO_ROOT . "hackable/uploads/";
$target_path .= basename( $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ] );
// File information
$uploaded_name = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ];
$uploaded_ext = substr( $uploaded_name, strrpos( $uploaded_name, '.' ) + 1);
$uploaded_size = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'size' ];
$uploaded_tmp = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'tmp_name' ];
// Is it an image?
if( ( strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == "jpg" || strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == "jpeg" || strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == "png" ) &&
( $uploaded_size < 100000 ) &&
getimagesize( $uploaded_tmp ) ) {
// Can we move the file to the upload folder?
if( !move_uploaded_file( $uploaded_tmp, $target_path ) ) {
// No
echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded.</pre>';
}
else {
// Yes!
echo "<pre>{$target_path} succesfully uploaded!</pre>";
}
}
else {
// Invalid file
echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded. We can only accept JPEG or PNG images.</pre>';
}
}
?>
strrpos(string,find,start)
函数返回字符串find在另一字符串string中最后一次出现的位置，如果没有找到字符串则返回false，可选参数start规定在何处开始搜索。
getimagesize(string filename)
函数会通过读取文件头，返回图片的长、宽等信息，如果没有相关的图片文件头，函数会报错。
可以看到，High级别的代码读取文件名中最后一个”.”后的字符串，期望通过文件名来限制文件类型，因此要求上传文件名形式必须是”.jpg”、”.jpeg” 、”*.png”之一。同时，getimagesize函数更是限制了上传文件的文件头必须为图像类型。
漏洞利用
首先，我们保存任何一张图片（jpg）文件，将其更改为txt文件类型，并在其中添加一句话木马。
http://localhost/DVWA-master/vulnerabilities/fi/?page=file:///C:/phpstudy/www/DVWA-master/hackable/uploads/123123.jpg
Impossible
源码
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'Upload' ] ) ) {
// Check Anti-CSRF token
checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );
// File information
$uploaded_name = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ];
$uploaded_ext = substr( $uploaded_name, strrpos( $uploaded_name, '.' ) + 1);
$uploaded_size = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'size' ];
$uploaded_type = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'type' ];
$uploaded_tmp = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'tmp_name' ];
// Where are we going to be writing to?
$target_path = DVWA_WEB_PAGE_TO_ROOT . 'hackable/uploads/';
//$target_file = basename( $uploaded_name, '.' . $uploaded_ext ) . '-';
$target_file = md5( uniqid() . $uploaded_name ) . '.' . $uploaded_ext;
$temp_file = ( ( ini_get( 'upload_tmp_dir' ) == '' ) ? ( sys_get_temp_dir() ) : ( ini_get( 'upload_tmp_dir' ) ) );
$temp_file .= DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . md5( uniqid() . $uploaded_name ) . '.' . $uploaded_ext;
// Is it an image?
if( ( strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == 'jpg' || strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == 'jpeg' || strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == 'png' ) &&
( $uploaded_size < 100000 ) &&
( $uploaded_type == 'image/jpeg' || $uploaded_type == 'image/png' ) &&
getimagesize( $uploaded_tmp ) ) {
// Strip any metadata, by re-encoding image (Note, using php-Imagick is recommended over php-GD)
if( $uploaded_type == 'image/jpeg' ) {
$img = imagecreatefromjpeg( $uploaded_tmp );
imagejpeg( $img, $temp_file, 100);
}
else {
$img = imagecreatefrompng( $uploaded_tmp );
imagepng( $img, $temp_file, 9);
}
imagedestroy( $img );
// Can we move the file to the web root from the temp folder?
if( rename( $temp_file, ( getcwd() . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $target_path . $target_file ) ) ) {
// Yes!
echo "<pre><a href='${target_path}${target_file}'>${target_file}</a> succesfully uploaded!</pre>";
}
else {
// No
echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded.</pre>';
}
// Delete any temp files
if( file_exists( $temp_file ) )
unlink( $temp_file );
}
else {
// Invalid file
echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded. We can only accept JPEG or PNG images.</pre>';
}
}
// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();
?>