信号量， 事件，队列

信号量：
 同一时间控制能并行执行的线程数：
 释放一个，进去一个
 threading.BoundedSemaphore()
 
 

 import threading, time
 
 def run(n):
  semaphore.acquire()
  print("running task...", n)
  time.sleep(5)
  print("task %s done !" % n)
  semaphore.release()
 
 num = 0
 semaphore = threading.BoundedSemaphore(5)        #最多允许5个线程同时运行
 
 for i in range(22):
  t = threading.Thread(target=run, args=(i,))
  t.start()
  
  

 

事件：Events
 
 event = threading.Event()
 
 a client thread can wait for the flag to be set
  event.wait()  #等待设定标志位
 
 a server thread can set or reset it
  event.set()    标志位被设定    
  event.clear()   标志位被清空，代表红灯，wait等待变绿灯     
  event.is_set()   判断是否设定了标志位
  event.wait()     等待设定标志位
  
  
 
 案例： 红绿灯汽车：
 
  import time, threading
  event = threading.Event()
  def traffic_light():
   count = 0
   event.set()
   while True:
    if count >5 and count <=10:      #改成红灯
     event.clear()  #把标志位清除
     print("33[41;1mred light is on ....33[0m")
    elif count >10:
     event.set()     #变绿灯
     count = 0
    else:
     print("33[42;1mred light is on ....33[0m")
    time.sleep(1)
    count += 1
  
  def car(name):
   while True:
    if event.is_set():
     print("[%s] is running......" % name)
     time.sleep(1)
    else:
     print("[%s] is waiting......, Red light" % name)
     event.wait()
     print("33[34;1mThe green light is on ,start going....33[0m")
  
  light = threading.Thread(target=traffic_light)
  light.start()
  c1= threading.Thread(target=car, args=("telse", ))
  c1.start()  

 案例2：
 员工进公司要刷卡，设置门位一个线程，再设置几个线程为员工，
 员工看到门，就刷卡，门开了，员工通过 
 
 import threading,time
 event = threading.Event()
 def gate():
  while not event.is_set():
   print("xxgate is close......")
   event.wait()
 def staff(name):
  if event.is_set():
   print("gate is open......")
   print("%s pass to gate...." % name)
  else:
   print("%s brash id card to open gate...." % name)
   event.set()
   print("%s pass to gate...." % name)
   event.clear()
   time.sleep(0.1)
 d = threading.Thread(target=gate)
 d.start()
 
 for n in ("brace", "kitty", "lucy"):
  s = threading.Thread(target=staff, args=(n,))
  s.start()
  s.join()
  
  

  
  
  
  
  
队列queue：
 
 类似一个有顺序的容器，与类别区别是，数据只有一份，取走就没了
 队列数据是放内存的
 
 class queue.Queue(maxsize=0)     #先进先出；
 class queue.LifoQueue(maxsize=0)  #后进先出；
 class queue.PrioriyQueue(maxsize=0)  #存储数据时可设置优先级的队列
 
 
 1. 生成queue对象；
 2. Queue.put(block=True, timeout=1)  放数据
 3. Queue.get(block=True, timeout=1)  取数据
 4. Queue.qsize()       读队列大小
 5. Queue.full() 
 

案例： 
 import queue
 q = queue.Queue()    #先进先出
 q.put("a1")
 q.put("a2")
 q.put("a3")
 q.put("a4")
 
 print(q.qsize())
 
 print(q.get())
 print(q.get())
 print(q.get())
 print(q.get())

 

 
生成者消费者：
 
 案例：
 import queue, threading,time
 q = queue.Queue()
 def Producer(name):
  for i in range(10):
   print("[%s] 生产的骨头 %s" %(name, i))
   q.put("骨头 %s" %i)
   time.sleep(0.5)
 
 def Consumer(name):
  while q.qsize()>0:
   print("[%s] 取到 [%s] 并吃了它...." % (name, q.get()))
   time.sleep(1)
 
 p = threading.Thread(target=Producer, args=("brace", ))
 c = threading.Thread(target=Consumer, args=("kitty",))
 
 
 案例：
 import queue, threading,time
 q = queue.Queue(10)
 def Producer(name):
  i = 0
  while True:
   print("[%s] 生产的骨头 %s" %(name, i))
   q.put("骨头 %s" %i)
   time.sleep(0.5)
   i += 1
 
 def Consumer(name):
  while True:
   print("[%s] 取到 [%s] 并吃了它...." % (name, q.get()))
   #time.sleep(1)
 
 p = threading.Thread(target=Producer, args=("brace", ))
 c1 = threading.Thread(target=Consumer, args=("kitty",))
 c2 = threading.Thread(target=Consumer, args=("lucy",))
 
 p.start()
 c1.start()
 c2.start()