python 全栈开发，Day81(博客系统个人主页,文章详情页)

一、个人主页

随笔分类

需求：查询当前站点每一个分类的名称以及对应的文章数

完成这个需求，就可以展示左侧的分类

它需要利用分组查询，那么必须要会基于双下划线的查询。

基于双下划线的查询，简单来讲，就是用join。将多个表拼接成一张表，那么就可以单表操作了！

表关系图

图中箭头开始的英文字母表示关联字段

按照箭头方向查询，表示正向查询，否则为反向查询

分解步骤：

先来查询每一个分类的名称以及对应的文章数

看上面的关系图，以Category表为基础表来查询Article表对应的文章数，需要用到反向查询。

记住一个原则，正向查询使用字段，反向查询使用表名

修改views.py，导入相关表和聚合函数

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
from django.contrib import auth
from blog.models import Article,UserInfo,Blog,Category,Tag
from django.db.models import Sum,Avg,Max,Min,Count
# Create your views here.
def login(request):
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> request.method==<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">POST</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:
    user</span>=request.POST.get(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">user</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
    pwd</span>=request.POST.get(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">pwd</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
    </span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 用户验证成功,返回user对象,否则返回None</span>
    user=auth.authenticate(username=user,password=<span style="color: #000000;">pwd)
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span><span style="color: #000000;"> user:
        </span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 登录,注册session</span>
        <span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 全局变量 request.user=当前登陆对象(session中)</span>

            auth.login(request,user)

return redirect("/index/")
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">login.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)

def index(request):

article_list=Article.objects.all()

return render(request,"index.html",{"article_list":article_list})
def logout(request):  # 注销

    auth.logout(request)

return redirect("/index/")
def homesite(request,username):

"""

查询

:param request:

:param username:

:return:

"""

# 查询当前站点的用户对象

user=UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username).first()

if not user:

return render(request,"not_found.html")

# 查询当前站点对象

blog=user.blog
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询当前用户发布的所有文章</span>
article_list=Article.objects.filter(user__username=<span style="color: #000000;">username)

ret </span>= Category.objects.values(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">pk</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">print</span><span style="color: #000000;">(ret)

dict </span>= {<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">blog</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:blog,
        </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:article_list,
        }

</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">homesite.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>,dict)</pre>

View Code

解释：

pk表示主键

上面这句sql表示以Category表id来分组，得到分类名以及统计数

多添加几篇文章，给另外一个用户也添加几篇文章

访问个人站点：http://127.0.0.1:8000/xiao/

查看Pycharm控制台输出：

上面得到了所有文章的分类以及文章数。

再来查询当前站点每一个分类的名称以及对应的文章数

思路：只需要对Category表进行筛选，过滤中当前站点用户的分类

在homesite视图函数中，已经有一个当前站点的blog对象。

在Category模型表中，有一个blog属性，它和blog是一对多关系。那么只需要blog=blog，就可以了

修改视图函数homesite的ret变量

ret = Category.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count("article__title")).values("title","c")

注意：等式左边的blog表示Category模型表的blog属性，实际上就是blog_id字段

等式右边的是blog变量，它是一个model对象。那么blog=blog，就可以查询出，当前站点的分类了！

刷新网页，查看Pycharm控制台输出：

<QuerySet [{'title': 'python', 'c': 1}, {'title': 'ajax', 'c': 1}, {'title': 'django', 'c': 2}]

既然结果出来了，模板就可以渲染了

修改homesite视图函数，完整代码如下：

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
from django.contrib import auth
from blog.models import Article,UserInfo,Blog,Category,Tag
from django.db.models import Sum,Avg,Max,Min,Count
# Create your views here.
def login(request):
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> request.method==<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">POST</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:
    user</span>=request.POST.get(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">user</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
    pwd</span>=request.POST.get(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">pwd</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
    </span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 用户验证成功,返回user对象,否则返回None</span>
    user=auth.authenticate(username=user,password=<span style="color: #000000;">pwd)
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span><span style="color: #000000;"> user:
        </span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 登录,注册session</span>
        <span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 全局变量 request.user=当前登陆对象(session中)</span>

            auth.login(request,user)

return redirect("/index/")
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">login.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)

def index(request):

article_list=Article.objects.all()

return render(request,"index.html",{"article_list":article_list})
def logout(request):  # 注销

    auth.logout(request)

return redirect("/index/")
def homesite(request,username):

"""

查询

:param request:

:param username:

:return:

"""

# 查询当前站点的用户对象

user=UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username).first()

if not user:

return render(request,"not_found.html")

# 查询当前站点对象

blog=user.blog

print(blog,type(blog))
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询当前用户发布的所有文章</span>
article_list=Article.objects.filter(user__username=<span style="color: #000000;">username)

cate_list </span>= Category.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">print</span><span style="color: #000000;">(cate_list)

dict </span>= {<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">blog</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:blog,
        </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:article_list,
        </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">cate_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:cate_list
        }

</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">homesite.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>,dict)</pre>

View Code

修改homesite.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
&lt;style&gt;
    *<span style="color: #000000;"> {
        margin: 0;
        padding: 0;
    }

    .header {
         </span>100%<span style="color: #000000;">;
        height: 59px;
        background</span>-color: <span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">369;</span>

        }
    .header .title {
        line</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">height: 59px;
        color: white;
        font</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">weight: lighter;
        margin</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">left: 20px;
        font</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">size: 18px;
    }

    .left_region {
        margin</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">top: 10px;
    }

    .info {
        margin</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">top: 10px;
        color: darkgray;

    }

    h5 a {
        color: </span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">105cb6;</span>
        font-<span style="color: #000000;">size: 14px;
        font</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">weight: bold;
        text</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">decoration: underline;
    }

</span>&lt;/style&gt;
&lt;link rel=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">stylesheet</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> href=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
&lt;script src=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/js/jquery.js</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;script src=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;&lt;/script&gt;

</head>

<body>

<div class="header">

<p class="title">{{ blog.title }}</p>

</div>
<div class="container-fluid">

<div class="row">

<div class="col-md-3">

<div class="left_region">

<div class="panel panel-success">

<div class="panel-heading">

<h3 class="panel-title">随笔分类</h3>

</div>

<div class="panel-body">

{% for cate in cate_list %}

<p><a href="">{{ cate.0 }}({{ cate.1 }})</a></p>

{% endfor %}
                </span>&lt;/div&gt;

            &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel panel-warning</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-heading</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                    &lt;h3 <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;我的标签&lt;/h3&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-body</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    Panel content
                </span>&lt;/div&gt;

            &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel panel-info</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-heading</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                    &lt;h3 <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;日期归档&lt;/h3&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-body</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    Panel content
                </span>&lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;/div&gt;
        &lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">col-md-9</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;

        &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
            {</span>% <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> article <span style="color: #0000ff;">in</span> article_list %<span style="color: #000000;">}

                </span>&lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_item clearfix</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                    &lt;h5&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;{{ article.title }}&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h5&gt;
                    &lt;div&gt;

                      &lt;span <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">small desc </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                          {{ article.desc }}
                      </span>&lt;/span&gt;

                    &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">info small pull-right</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                        发布于 </span>&lt;span&gt;{{ article.create_time|date:<span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">Y-m-d H:i</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span> }}&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;<span style="color: #000000;">nbsp;
                        </span>&lt;img src=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/img/icon_comment.gif</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> alt=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;&lt;<span style="color: #000000;">a
                            href</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;评论({{ article.comment_count }})&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;<span style="color: #000000;">nbsp;
                        </span>&lt;span <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">glyphicon glyphicon-thumbs-up</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;点赞({{ article.up_count }})&lt;/a&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;hr&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
            {</span>% endfor %<span style="color: #000000;">}
        </span>&lt;/div&gt;

    &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

</div>
</body>

</html>

View Code

values_list返回的是一个元组，所以模板中，直接用cate.0就可以取到分类名

刷新网页，效果如下：

我的标签

我的标签和随笔的查询语句是类似的，换一个表名，就可以了！

先在admin后台为不同的用户，添加标签

由于admin后台无法直接将博客表和标签表做对应关系，所以只能手动绑定关系。

使用navicat打开blog_article2tag表

注意：以实际情况为准

修改homesite视图函数，查询我的标签

def homesite(request,username):
    """
    查询
    :param request:
    :param username:
    :return:
    """
    # 查询当前站点的用户对象
    user=UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username).first()
    if not user:
        return render(request,"not_found.html")
    # 查询当前站点对象
    blog=user.blog
    print(blog,type(blog))
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询当前用户发布的所有文章</span>
article_list=Article.objects.filter(user__username=<span style="color: #000000;">username)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">随笔分类</span>
cate_list = Category.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">print</span><span style="color: #000000;">(cate_list)

</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">我的标签</span>
tag_list = Tag.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">print</span><span style="color: #000000;">(tag_list)

dict </span>= {<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">blog</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:blog,
        </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:article_list,
        </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">cate_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:cate_list,
        </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">tag_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:tag_list,
        }

</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">homesite.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>,dict)</pre>

View Code

刷新网页，查看Pycharm控制台

修改homesite.html，开始渲染网页

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
&lt;style&gt;
    *<span style="color: #000000;"> {
        margin: 0;
        padding: 0;
    }

    .header {
         </span>100%<span style="color: #000000;">;
        height: 59px;
        background</span>-color: <span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">369;</span>

        }
    .header .title {
        line</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">height: 59px;
        color: white;
        font</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">weight: lighter;
        margin</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">left: 20px;
        font</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">size: 18px;
    }

    .left_region {
        margin</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">top: 10px;
    }

    .info {
        margin</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">top: 10px;
        color: darkgray;

    }

    h5 a {
        color: </span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">105cb6;</span>
        font-<span style="color: #000000;">size: 14px;
        font</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">weight: bold;
        text</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">decoration: underline;
    }

</span>&lt;/style&gt;
&lt;link rel=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">stylesheet</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> href=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
&lt;script src=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/js/jquery.js</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;script src=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;&lt;/script&gt;

</head>

<body>

<div class="header">

<p class="title">{{ blog.title }}</p>

</div>
<div class="container-fluid">

<div class="row">

<div class="col-md-3">

<div class="left_region">

<div class="panel panel-success">

<div class="panel-heading">

<h3 class="panel-title">随笔分类</h3>

</div>

<div class="panel-body">

{% for cate in cate_list %}

<p><a href="">{{ cate.0 }}({{ cate.1 }})</a></p>

{% endfor %}
                </span>&lt;/div&gt;

            &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel panel-warning</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-heading</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                    &lt;h3 <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;我的标签&lt;/h3&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-body</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> tag <span style="color: #0000ff;">in</span> tag_list %<span style="color: #000000;">}
                        </span>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;{{ tag.0 }}({{ tag.1 }})&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% endfor %<span style="color: #000000;">}

                </span>&lt;/div&gt;

            &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel panel-info</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-heading</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                    &lt;h3 <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;日期归档&lt;/h3&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-body</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    Panel content
                </span>&lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;/div&gt;
        &lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">col-md-9</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;

        &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
            {</span>% <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> article <span style="color: #0000ff;">in</span> article_list %<span style="color: #000000;">}

                </span>&lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_item clearfix</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                    &lt;h5&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;{{ article.title }}&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h5&gt;
                    &lt;div&gt;

                      &lt;span <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">small desc </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                          {{ article.desc }}
                      </span>&lt;/span&gt;

                    &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">info small pull-right</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                        发布于 </span>&lt;span&gt;{{ article.create_time|date:<span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">Y-m-d H:i</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span> }}&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;<span style="color: #000000;">nbsp;
                        </span>&lt;img src=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/img/icon_comment.gif</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> alt=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;&lt;<span style="color: #000000;">a
                            href</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;评论({{ article.comment_count }})&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;<span style="color: #000000;">nbsp;
                        </span>&lt;span <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">glyphicon glyphicon-thumbs-up</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;点赞({{ article.up_count }})&lt;/a&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;hr&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
            {</span>% endfor %<span style="color: #000000;">}
        </span>&lt;/div&gt;

    &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

</div>
</body>

</html>

View Code

刷新网页，效果如下：

注意：如果网页数据没有展示，请一定要查看数据库是否有对应的记录！

日期归档

查看Article表的create_time字段

注意：它的时间后面，有很多小数点。每一条是不一样的，所以不能直接分组，否则没有意义！

要实现这个功能，有3个小知识点：

1.dateformat
2.extra
3.单表分组查询

dateformat

DATE_FORMAT() 函数用于以不同的格式显示日期/时间数据。

每个数据库都有日期/时间处理的函数，在MySQL中，叫dateformat。SQLite中，叫strftime

举例：

#截取年月日
mysql> select date_format("2018-07-11 06:39:07",'%Y-%m-%d') as date;
+------------+
| date       |
+------------+
| 2018-07-11 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
#截取年月

mysql> select date_format("2018-07-11 06:39:07",'%Y-%m') as date;

+---------+

| date    |

+---------+

| 2018-07 |

+---------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

View Code

extra

有些情况下，Django的查询语法难以表达复杂的where子句，对于这种情况, Django 提供了extra()QuerySet修改机制。它能在QuerySet生成的SQL从句中注入新子句，extra可以指定一个或多个参数,例如select、where或tables。这些参数都不是必须的，但是至少要使用一个。

语法：

extra(select=None, where=None, params=None, 
      tables=None, order_by=None, select_params=None)

select参数

select参数可以在select从句中添加其他字段信息，它应该是一个字典，存放着属性名到 SQL 从句的映射。

举例：

修改homesite视图函数，增加几行代码

def homesite(request,username):
    """
    查询
    :param request:
    :param username:
    :return:
    """
    # 查询当前站点的用户对象
    user=UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username).first()
    if not user:
        return render(request,"not_found.html")
    # 查询当前站点对象
    blog=user.blog
    print(blog,type(blog))
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询当前用户发布的所有文章</span>
article_list=Article.objects.filter(user__username=<span style="color: #000000;">username)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">随笔分类</span>
cate_list = Category.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">print</span><span style="color: #000000;">(cate_list)

</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">我的标签</span>
tag_list = Tag.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">print</span><span style="color: #000000;">(tag_list)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">测试日期</span>
test_date = Article.objects.filter(comment_count=0).extra(select={<span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span>: <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">create_time &gt; '2017-09-05'</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">})
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">print</span><span style="color: #000000;">(test_date)
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> i <span style="color: #0000ff;">in</span><span style="color: #000000;"> test_date:
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">print</span><span style="color: #000000;">(i.y_m_date)

dict </span>= {<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">blog</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:blog,
        </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:article_list,
        </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">cate_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:cate_list,
        </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">tag_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:tag_list,
        }

</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">homesite.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>,dict)</pre>

View Code

大概意思就是，查询创建时间大于2017-09-05的记录

刷新网页，查看Pycharm控制台输出：

1
1
1

如果条件成立，返回1。否则返回0

需要注意的是：此时已经给Article表增加一个临时字段y_m_date。它在内存中，每次使用extra查询才会存在！

单表分组查询

查询当前用户的所有文章，根据日期归档

def homesite(request,username):
    """
    查询
    :param request:
    :param username:
    :return:
    """
    # 查询当前站点的用户对象
    user=UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username).first()
    if not user:
        return render(request,"not_found.html")
    # 查询当前站点对象
    blog=user.blog
    print(blog,type(blog))
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询当前用户发布的所有文章</span>
article_list=Article.objects.filter(user__username=<span style="color: #000000;">username)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">随笔分类</span>
cate_list = Category.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">print</span><span style="color: #000000;">(cate_list)

</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">我的标签</span>
tag_list = Tag.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">print</span><span style="color: #000000;">(tag_list)

</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">日期归档</span>
date_list = Article.objects.filter(user=user).extra(select={<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>: <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">strftime('%%Y/%%m',create_time)</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">}).values(
    </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">print</span><span style="color: #000000;">(date_list)

dict </span>= {<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">blog</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:blog,
        </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:article_list,
        </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">cate_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:cate_list,
        </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">tag_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:tag_list,
        </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">date_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:date_list,
        }

</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">homesite.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>,dict)</pre>

View Code

解释：

SQLite的日期格式化使用strftime，它使用2个%号来区分。

user=user 等式左边的user是Article模型表的user属性，也就是user_id。等式右边的user是UserInfo表的model对象！

刷新页面，查看Pychram控制台输出：

修改homesite.html，开始渲染网页

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
&lt;style&gt;
    *<span style="color: #000000;"> {
        margin: 0;
        padding: 0;
    }

    .header {
         </span>100%<span style="color: #000000;">;
        height: 59px;
        background</span>-color: <span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">369;</span>

        }
    .header .title {
        line</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">height: 59px;
        color: white;
        font</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">weight: lighter;
        margin</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">left: 20px;
        font</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">size: 18px;
    }

    .left_region {
        margin</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">top: 10px;
    }

    .info {
        margin</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">top: 10px;
        color: darkgray;

    }

    h5 a {
        color: </span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">105cb6;</span>
        font-<span style="color: #000000;">size: 14px;
        font</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">weight: bold;
        text</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">decoration: underline;
    }

</span>&lt;/style&gt;
&lt;link rel=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">stylesheet</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> href=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
&lt;script src=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/js/jquery.js</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;script src=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;&lt;/script&gt;

</head>

<body>

<div class="header">

<p class="title">{{ blog.title }}</p>

</div>
<div class="container-fluid">

<div class="row">

<div class="col-md-3">

<div class="left_region">

<div class="panel panel-success">

<div class="panel-heading">

<h3 class="panel-title">随笔分类</h3>

</div>

<div class="panel-body">

{% for cate in cate_list %}

<p><a href="">{{ cate.0 }}({{ cate.1 }})</a></p>

{% endfor %}
                </span>&lt;/div&gt;

            &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel panel-warning</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-heading</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                    &lt;h3 <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;我的标签&lt;/h3&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-body</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> tag <span style="color: #0000ff;">in</span> tag_list %<span style="color: #000000;">}
                        </span>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;{{ tag.0 }}({{ tag.1 }})&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% endfor %<span style="color: #000000;">}

                </span>&lt;/div&gt;

            &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel panel-info</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-heading</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                    &lt;h3 <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;日期归档&lt;/h3&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-body</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> date <span style="color: #0000ff;">in</span> date_list %<span style="color: #000000;">}
                        </span>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;{{ date.0 }}({{ date.1 }})&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% endfor %<span style="color: #000000;">}

                </span>&lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;/div&gt;
        &lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">col-md-9</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;

        &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
            {</span>% <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> article <span style="color: #0000ff;">in</span> article_list %<span style="color: #000000;">}

                </span>&lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_item clearfix</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                    &lt;h5&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;{{ article.title }}&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h5&gt;
                    &lt;div&gt;

                      &lt;span <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">small desc </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                          {{ article.desc }}
                      </span>&lt;/span&gt;

                    &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">info small pull-right</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                        发布于 </span>&lt;span&gt;{{ article.create_time|date:<span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">Y-m-d H:i</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span> }}&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;<span style="color: #000000;">nbsp;
                        </span>&lt;img src=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/img/icon_comment.gif</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> alt=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;&lt;<span style="color: #000000;">a
                            href</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;评论({{ article.comment_count }})&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;<span style="color: #000000;">nbsp;
                        </span>&lt;span <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">glyphicon glyphicon-thumbs-up</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;点赞({{ article.up_count }})&lt;/a&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;hr&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
            {</span>% endfor %<span style="color: #000000;">}
        </span>&lt;/div&gt;

    &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

</div>
</body>

</html>

View Code

刷新网页，效果如下：

左侧面板添加链接

接下来，需要点击左边的分类、标签、归档，显示相关的文章

访问博客园左侧的分类、标签、归档，方法它有一个规律

标签：

http://www.cnblogs.com/用户名/tag/标签名/

分类：

https://www.cnblogs.com/用户名/category/分类id.html

归档：

https://www.cnblogs.com/用户名/archive/年/月.html

修改urls.py，增加3个路径。注意要导入re_path模块

re_path('(?P<username>w+)/category/(?P<params>.*)', views.homesite),
re_path('(?P<username>w+)/tag/(?P<params>.*)', views.homesite),
re_path('(?P<username>w+)/achrive/(?P<params>.*)', views.homesite),

仔细观察个人站点网页的布局

发现，点击不同的分类、标签、归档。红色区域和绿色区域始终不变，只有紫色区域在变动。变动区域取决于article_list变量！

那么个人站点首页、分类、标签、归档这4种url可以共用一个视图函数homesite模板以及视图函数。

重新修改urls.py，完整代码如下：

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,re_path
from blog import  views

urlpatterns = [

path('admin/', admin.site.urls),

path('login/', views.login),

path('index/', views.index),

path('logout/', views.logout),

path('', views.index),
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 跳转</span>
re_path(<span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">(?P&lt;username&gt;w+)/(?P&lt;condition&gt;category|tag|achrive)/(?P&lt;params&gt;.*)/$</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #000000;">, views.homesite),
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 个人站点</span>
re_path(<span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">(?P&lt;username&gt;w+)/$</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #000000;">, views.homesite),

]

View Code

那么问题来了，访问个人站点时，不需要额外的参数。

访问分类/标签/归档这2个类别是，必须要2个额外的变量。分别是类别、类别参数。

homesite视图函数，如果分别接收呢？答案是，使用**kwargs，它可以接收可变的关键字参数，至少1个或者多个参数！

修改homesite.html，增加一个网页图标，否则待会测试时，会有2次请求。

如果网页没有图标，每次会请求一次网络请求，请求favicon.ico

在title标签下面，增加一行

<link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://common.cnblogs.com/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />

修改homesite视图函数

def homesite(request,username,**kwargs):
    """
    查询
    :param request:
    :param username:
    :return:
    """
    print("kwargs", kwargs)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询当前站点的用户对象</span>
user=UserInfo.objects.filter(username=<span style="color: #000000;">username).first()
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">not</span><span style="color: #000000;"> user:
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">not_found.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询当前站点对象</span>
blog=<span style="color: #000000;">user.blog

</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询当前用户发布的所有文章</span>
article_list=Article.objects.filter(user__username=<span style="color: #000000;">username)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">随笔分类</span>
cate_list = Category.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> print(cate_list)</span>

<span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">我的标签</span>
tag_list = Tag.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> print(tag_list)</span>

<span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">日期归档</span>
date_list = Article.objects.filter(user=user).extra(select={<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>: <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">strftime('%%Y/%%m',create_time)</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">}).values(
    </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> print(date_list)</span>


    dict = {"blog":blog,
            "article_list":article_list,
            "cate_list":cate_list,
            "tag_list":tag_list,
            "date_list":date_list,
            }
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">homesite.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>,dict)</pre>

View Code

访问个人站点： http://127.0.0.1:8000/xiao/

Pycharm控制台输出：kwargs {}

访问个人分类python： http://127.0.0.1:8000/xiao/category/python/

Pycharm控制台输出：kwargs {'params': 'python/', 'condition': 'category'}

访问个人标签： http://127.0.0.1:8000/xiao/tag/python全栈/

Pycharm控制台输出：kwargs {'params': 'python全栈/', 'condition': 'tag'}

访问个人归档： http://127.0.0.1:8000/xiao/achrive/2018/07

Pycharm控制台输出：kwargs {'params': '2018/07', 'condition': 'achrive'}

注意：要带上用户名，否则出现404错误

那么，只需要判断kwargs变量，就可以区分了！

修改homesite视图函数

def homesite(request,username,**kwargs):
    """
    查询
    :param request:
    :param username:
    :return:
    """
    print("kwargs", kwargs)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询当前站点的用户对象</span>
user=UserInfo.objects.filter(username=<span style="color: #000000;">username).first()
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">not</span><span style="color: #000000;"> user:
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">not_found.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询当前站点对象</span>
blog=<span style="color: #000000;">user.blog

</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询当前用户发布的所有文章</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">not</span><span style="color: #000000;"> kwargs:
    article_list </span>= Article.objects.filter(user__username=<span style="color: #000000;">username)

</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">else</span><span style="color: #000000;">:
    condition </span>= kwargs.get(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">condition</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
    params </span>= kwargs.get(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">params</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
    </span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">判断分类、随笔、归档</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> condition == <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">category</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:
        article_list </span>= Article.objects.filter(user__username=username).filter(category__title=<span style="color: #000000;">params)
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">elif</span> condition == <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">tag</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:
        article_list </span>= Article.objects.filter(user__username=username).filter(tags__title=<span style="color: #000000;">params)
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">else</span><span style="color: #000000;">:
        year, month </span>= params.split(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
        article_list </span>= Article.objects.filter(user__username=username).filter(create_time__year=<span style="color: #000000;">year,
                                                                              create_time__month</span>=<span style="color: #000000;">month)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">随笔分类</span>
cate_list = Category.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> print(cate_list)</span>

<span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">我的标签</span>
tag_list = Tag.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> print(tag_list)</span>

<span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">日期归档</span>
date_list = Article.objects.filter(user=user).extra(select={<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>: <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">strftime('%%Y/%%m',create_time)</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">}).values(
    </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> print(date_list)</span>


    dict = {"blog":blog,
            "article_list":article_list,
            "cate_list":cate_list,
            "tag_list":tag_list,
            "date_list":date_list,
            "username":username,
            }
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">homesite.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>,dict)</pre>

View Code

修改homesite.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://common.cnblogs.com/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"/>
&lt;style&gt;
    *<span style="color: #000000;"> {
        margin: 0;
        padding: 0;
    }

    .header {
         </span>100%<span style="color: #000000;">;
        height: 59px;
        background</span>-color: <span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">369;</span>

        }
    .header .title {
        line</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">height: 59px;
        color: white;
        font</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">weight: lighter;
        margin</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">left: 20px;
        font</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">size: 18px;
    }

    .left_region {
        margin</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">top: 10px;
    }

    .info {
        margin</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">top: 10px;
        color: darkgray;

    }

    h5 a {
        color: </span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">105cb6;</span>
        font-<span style="color: #000000;">size: 14px;
        font</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">weight: bold;
        text</span>-<span style="color: #000000;">decoration: underline;
    }

</span>&lt;/style&gt;
&lt;link rel=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">stylesheet</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> href=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
&lt;script src=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/js/jquery.js</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;script src=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;&lt;/script&gt;

</head>

<body>

<div class="header">

<p class="title">{{ blog.title }}</p>

</div>
<div class="container-fluid">

<div class="row">

<div class="col-md-3">

<div class="left_region">

<div class="panel panel-success">

<div class="panel-heading">

<h3 class="panel-title">随笔分类</h3>

</div>

<div class="panel-body">

{% for cate in cate_list %}

<p><a href="/{{ username }}/category/{{ cate.0 }}">{{ cate.0 }}({{ cate.1 }})</a></p>

{% endfor %}
                </span>&lt;/div&gt;

            &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel panel-warning</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-heading</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                    &lt;h3 <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;我的标签&lt;/h3&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-body</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> tag <span style="color: #0000ff;">in</span> tag_list %<span style="color: #000000;">}
                        </span>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/{{ username }}/tag/{{ tag.0 }}</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;{{ tag.0 }}({{ tag.1 }})&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% endfor %<span style="color: #000000;">}
                </span>&lt;/div&gt;

            &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel panel-info</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-heading</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                    &lt;h3 <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;日期归档&lt;/h3&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-body</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> date <span style="color: #0000ff;">in</span> date_list %<span style="color: #000000;">}
                        </span>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/{{ username }}/achrive/{{ date.0 }}</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;{{ date.0 }}({{ date.1 }})&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% endfor %<span style="color: #000000;">}

                </span>&lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;/div&gt;
        &lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">col-md-9</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;

        &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
            {</span>% <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> article <span style="color: #0000ff;">in</span> article_list %<span style="color: #000000;">}

                </span>&lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_item clearfix</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                    &lt;h5&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;{{ article.title }}&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h5&gt;
                    &lt;div&gt;

                      &lt;span <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">small desc </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                          {{ article.desc }}
                      </span>&lt;/span&gt;

                    &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">info small pull-right</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                        发布于 </span>&lt;span&gt;{{ article.create_time|date:<span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">Y-m-d H:i</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span> }}&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;<span style="color: #000000;">nbsp;
                        </span>&lt;img src=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/img/icon_comment.gif</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> alt=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;&lt;<span style="color: #000000;">a
                            href</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;评论({{ article.comment_count }})&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;<span style="color: #000000;">nbsp;
                        </span>&lt;span <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">glyphicon glyphicon-thumbs-up</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;点赞({{ article.up_count }})&lt;/a&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;hr&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
            {</span>% endfor %<span style="color: #000000;">}
        </span>&lt;/div&gt;

    &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

</div>
</body>

</html>

View Code

访问个人站点：http://127.0.0.1:8000/xiao/

效果如下：

主题切换

查看blog_blog表，有2条记录

theme对应主题的css文件

在homesite.html中的style标签定义了一些样式。现在需要分离出来！

每一个用户有自己的标题颜色，比如xiao用默认的蓝色，zhang用绿色

在static中新建css目录，在css中新建文件夹theme，新建3个css文件，其中common.css是公共样式！

common.css

* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}
.header {

 100%;

height: 59px;

background-color: #369;

}
.header .title {

line-height: 59px;

color: white;

font-weight: lighter;

margin-left: 20px;

font-size: 18px;

}
.left_region {

margin-top: 10px;

}
.info {

margin-top: 10px;

color: darkgray;
}
h5 a {

color: #105cb6;

font-size: 14px;

font-weight: bold;

text-decoration: underline;

}

View Code

xiao.css

.header {
     100%;
    height: 59px;
    background-color: #369;
}

View Code

zhang.css

.header {
     100%;
    height: 59px;
    background-color: green;
}

View Code

修改homesite.html，修改head部分，完整代码如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://common.cnblogs.com/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"/>
    {#公共样式#}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/theme/common.css">
    {#个人站点主题样式#}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/theme/{{ blog.theme }}">
&lt;link rel=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">stylesheet</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> href=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
&lt;script src=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/js/jquery.js</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;script src=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;&lt;/script&gt;

</head>

<body>

<div class="header">

<p class="title">{{ blog.title }}</p>

</div>
<div class="container-fluid">

<div class="row">

<div class="col-md-3">

<div class="left_region">

<div class="panel panel-success">

<div class="panel-heading">

<h3 class="panel-title">随笔分类</h3>

</div>

<div class="panel-body">

{% for cate in cate_list %}

<p><a href="/{{ username }}/category/{{ cate.0 }}">{{ cate.0 }}({{ cate.1 }})</a></p>

{% endfor %}
                </span>&lt;/div&gt;

            &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel panel-warning</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-heading</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                    &lt;h3 <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;我的标签&lt;/h3&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-body</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> tag <span style="color: #0000ff;">in</span> tag_list %<span style="color: #000000;">}
                        </span>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/{{ username }}/tag/{{ tag.0 }}</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;{{ tag.0 }}({{ tag.1 }})&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% endfor %<span style="color: #000000;">}
                </span>&lt;/div&gt;

            &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel panel-info</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-heading</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                    &lt;h3 <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;日期归档&lt;/h3&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-body</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> date <span style="color: #0000ff;">in</span> date_list %<span style="color: #000000;">}
                        </span>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/{{ username }}/achrive/{{ date.0 }}</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;{{ date.0 }}({{ date.1 }})&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% endfor %<span style="color: #000000;">}

                </span>&lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;/div&gt;
        &lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">col-md-9</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;

        &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
            {</span>% <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> article <span style="color: #0000ff;">in</span> article_list %<span style="color: #000000;">}

                </span>&lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_item clearfix</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                    &lt;h5&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;{{ article.title }}&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h5&gt;
                    &lt;div&gt;

                      &lt;span <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">small desc </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                          {{ article.desc }}
                      </span>&lt;/span&gt;

                    &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">info small pull-right</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                        发布于 </span>&lt;span&gt;{{ article.create_time|date:<span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">Y-m-d H:i</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span> }}&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;<span style="color: #000000;">nbsp;
                        </span>&lt;img src=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/static/img/icon_comment.gif</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> alt=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;&lt;<span style="color: #000000;">a
                            href</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;评论({{ article.comment_count }})&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;<span style="color: #000000;">nbsp;
                        </span>&lt;span <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">glyphicon glyphicon-thumbs-up</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;点赞({{ article.up_count }})&lt;/a&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;hr&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
            {</span>% endfor %<span style="color: #000000;">}
        </span>&lt;/div&gt;

    &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

</div>
</body>

</html>

View Code

使用谷歌浏览器登录xiao的用户，进入个人主页

使用火狐浏览器登录zhang的用户

进入个人主页，发现标题颜色没有换过来

进入admin后台，点击users表，找到zhang用户，发现它没有绑定个人站点。

因为使用命令创建用户时，blog_id字段，默认为空！

手动绑定一下

再次刷新页面，效果如下：

文章详情

由于文章详情页，功能繁多，必须专门做一个视图才行。

修改urls.py，增加路径article_detail

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('login/', views.login),
    path('index/', views.index),
    path('logout/', views.logout),
    path('', views.index),
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">文章详情</span>
re_path(<span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">(?P&lt;username&gt;w+)/articles/(?P&lt;article_id&gt;d+)/$</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #000000;">, views.article_detail),
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 跳转</span>
re_path(<span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">(?P&lt;username&gt;w+)/(?P&lt;condition&gt;category|tag|achrive)/(?P&lt;params&gt;.*)/$</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #000000;">, views.homesite),
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 个人站点</span>
re_path(<span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">(?P&lt;username&gt;w+)/$</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #000000;">, views.homesite),

]

View Code

由于文章详情页的左测和标题部分是通用的，需要用到模板继承

模板继承

新建base.html，将homesite.html的代码复制过来，删除多余的部分。增加block

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    {#公共样式#}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/theme/common.css">
    {#个人站点主题样式#}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/theme/{{ blog.theme }}">
    {#bootstrap#}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css">
    <script src="/static/js/jquery.js"></script>
    <script src="/static/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
&lt;link rel=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">shortcut icon</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> href=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">https://common.cnblogs.com/favicon.ico</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> type=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">image/x-icon</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> /&gt;

</head>

<body>

<div class="header">

<p class="title">{{ blog.title }}</p>

</div>
<div class="container-fluid">

<div class="row">

<div class="col-md-3">

<div class="left_region">

<div class="panel panel-success">

<div class="panel-heading">

<h3 class="panel-title">随笔分类</h3>

</div>

<div class="panel-body">

{% for cate in cate_list %}

<p><a href="/{{ username }}/category/{{ cate.0 }}">{{ cate.0 }}({{ cate.1 }})</a></p>

{% endfor %}
                </span>&lt;/div&gt;

            &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel panel-warning</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-heading</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                    &lt;h3 <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;我的标签&lt;/h3&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-body</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> tag <span style="color: #0000ff;">in</span> tag_list %<span style="color: #000000;">}
                        </span>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/{{ username }}/tag/{{ tag.0 }}</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;{{ tag.0 }}({{ tag.1 }})&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% endfor %<span style="color: #000000;">}
                </span>&lt;/div&gt;

            &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel panel-info</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-heading</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
                    &lt;h3 <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;日期归档&lt;/h3&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-body</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> date <span style="color: #0000ff;">in</span> date_list %<span style="color: #000000;">}
                        </span>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/{{ username }}/achrive/{{ date.0 }}</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;{{ date.0 }}({{ date.1 }})&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                    {</span>% endfor %<span style="color: #000000;">}

                </span>&lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;/div&gt;
        &lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">col-md-9</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">

       {</span>% block content %<span style="color: #000000;">}
       
       {</span>% endblock %<span style="color: #000000;">}

    </span>&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

</div>
</body>

</html>

View Code

修改homesite.html

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}

<div class="article_list">

{% for article in article_list %}

<div class="article_item clearfix">

<h5><a href="/{{ username }}/articles/{{ article.pk }}">{{ article.title }}</a></h5>

<div>
                      &lt;span <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">small desc </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                          {{ article.desc }}
                      </span>&lt;/span&gt;

                  &lt;/div&gt;
                  &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">info small pull-right</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
                        发布于 </span>&lt;span&gt;{{ article.create_time|date:<span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">Y-m-d H:i</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span> }}&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;<span style="color: #000000;">nbsp;
                       </span>&lt;span <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">glyphicon glyphicon-comment</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;评论({{ article.comment_count }})&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;<span style="color: #000000;">nbsp;
                       </span>&lt;span <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">glyphicon glyphicon-thumbs-up</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">""</span>&gt;点赞({{ article.up_count }})&lt;/a&gt;
                  &lt;/div&gt;
             &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;hr&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
            {</span>% endfor %<span style="color: #000000;">}
        </span>&lt;/div&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">

{% endblock %}

View Code

增加article_detail.html

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}
</span>&lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_info</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
    &lt;h4 <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">text-center</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;{{ article_obj.title }}&lt;/h4&gt;
    &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">content</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
        {{ article_obj.content }}
    </span>&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">

{% endblock %}

View Code

修改article_detail视图函数

def article_detail(request,username,article_id):
    user = UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username).first()
    # 查询当前站点对象
    blog = user.blog
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询指定id的文章</span>
article_obj=Article.objects.filter(pk=<span style="color: #000000;">article_id).first()

</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 随笔分类</span>
cate_list = Category.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> print(cate_list)</span>

<span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 我的标签</span>
tag_list = Tag.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> print(tag_list)</span>

<span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 日期归档</span>
date_list = Article.objects.filter(user=user).extra(select={<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>: <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">strftime('%%Y/%%m',create_time)</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">}).values(
    </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> print(date_list)</span>


    dict = {"blog": blog,
            "article_obj": article_obj,
            "cate_list": cate_list,
            "tag_list": tag_list,
            "date_list": date_list,
            "username": username,
            }
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_detail.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span>,dict)</pre>

View Code

刷新网页，点击左侧的一个分类，效果如下：

点击右边的一篇文章

关于内容部分，为什么是html标签。这些暂时不处理，后面会讲到如何处理！

查看article_detail和homesite 这2个视图函数，有重复的代码。在编程的过程中，最好不要出现重复代码，怎么办呢？使用函数封装！

函数封装

修改views.py，增加函数get_query_data。删掉article_detail和homesite 这2个视图函数中的重复代码，完整代码如下：

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
from django.contrib import auth
from blog.models import Article,UserInfo,Blog,Category,Tag
from django.db.models import Sum,Avg,Max,Min,Count
# Create your views here.
def login(request):
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> request.method==<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">POST</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:
    user</span>=request.POST.get(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">user</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
    pwd</span>=request.POST.get(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">pwd</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
    </span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 用户验证成功,返回user对象,否则返回None</span>
    user=auth.authenticate(username=user,password=<span style="color: #000000;">pwd)
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span><span style="color: #000000;"> user:
        </span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 登录,注册session</span>
        <span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 全局变量 request.user=当前登陆对象(session中)</span>

            auth.login(request,user)

return redirect("/index/")
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">login.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)

def index(request):

article_list=Article.objects.all()

return render(request,"index.html",{"article_list":article_list})
def logout(request):  # 注销

    auth.logout(request)

return redirect("/index/")
def get_query_data(request,username):

user = UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username).first()

# 查询当前站点对象

blog = user.blog
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 随笔分类</span>
cate_list = Category.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> print(cate_list)</span>

<span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 我的标签</span>
tag_list = Tag.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> print(tag_list)</span>

<span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 日期归档</span>
date_list = Article.objects.filter(user=user).extra(select={<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>: <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">strftime('%%Y/%%m',create_time)</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">}).values(
    </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> print(date_list)</span>


    dict = {"blog": blog,
            "cate_list": cate_list,
            "tag_list": tag_list,
            "date_list": date_list,
            "username": username,
            }
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> dict <span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">返回字典</span>

def homesite(request,username,**kwargs):

"""

查询

:param request:

:param username:

:return:

"""

print("kwargs", kwargs)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询当前站点的用户对象</span>
user=UserInfo.objects.filter(username=<span style="color: #000000;">username).first()
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">not</span><span style="color: #000000;"> user:
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">not_found.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询当前站点对象</span>
blog=<span style="color: #000000;">user.blog

</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询当前用户发布的所有文章</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">not</span><span style="color: #000000;"> kwargs:
    article_list </span>= Article.objects.filter(user__username=<span style="color: #000000;">username)

</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">else</span><span style="color: #000000;">:
    condition </span>= kwargs.get(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">condition</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
    params </span>= kwargs.get(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">params</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
    </span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">判断分类、随笔、归档</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> condition == <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">category</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:
        article_list </span>= Article.objects.filter(user__username=username).filter(category__title=<span style="color: #000000;">params)
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">elif</span> condition == <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">tag</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:
        article_list </span>= Article.objects.filter(user__username=username).filter(tags__title=<span style="color: #000000;">params)
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">else</span><span style="color: #000000;">:
        year, month </span>= params.split(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
        article_list </span>= Article.objects.filter(user__username=username).filter(create_time__year=<span style="color: #000000;">year,
                                                                              create_time__month</span>=<span style="color: #000000;">month)
dict </span>= get_query_data(request,username)  <span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">调用函数</span>
dict[<span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span>] = article_list  <span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 增加一个key</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">homesite.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">,dict)

def article_detail(request,username,article_id):

content_text = get_query_data(request,username)  #调用函数

#查询指定id的文章

article_obj = Article.objects.filter(pk=article_id).first()

content_text['article_obj'] = article_obj  # 增加一个key
<span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_detail.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span>,content_text)</pre>

View Code

注意：get_query_data必须要在2个视图函数的上面，否则无法调用！

重新访问网页，效果如下：

封装函数，有一个局限性，如果新增变量，需要增加字典key-value。由于继承模板时，变量是不会继承的。所以引用的视图函数，必须重新传值才可以渲染。那么可不可以，将模板和数据包装成一个模板，作为一个整体。其他模板继承时，就是一个已经渲染过的模板呢？

答案是有的，那就是inclusion_tag

包含标签(Inclusion tags)

Django过滤器和标签功能很强大，而且支持自定义标签，很是方便；其中一种标签是Inclusion tags，即包含标签
包含标签（Inclusion tags）通过渲染其他的模板来展示内容，这类标签的用途在于一些相似的内容的展示，并且返回的内容是渲染其他模板得到的内容。

自定义标签必须在应用名目录下创建templatetags目录。注意：此目录名必须叫这个名字，不可改变。

在templatetags目录下，创建my_tags.py，这个文件名，是可以随便的

先来增加一个乘法的标签

from django import template
register=template.Library()
@register.simple_tag

def mul_tag(x,y):
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> x*y</pre>

View Code

修改article_detail.html，调用这个自定义标签

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}

{% load my_tags %}

<p>{% mul_tag 2 7 %}</p>

<div class="article_info">

<h4 class="text-center">{{ article_obj.title }}</h4>

<div class="content">

{{ article_obj.content }}

</div>

</div>
{% endblock %}

View Code

必须重启django项目，否则模板无法引用自定义标签！

随便访问一篇文章，出现一个14，说明调用成功了

那么这个my_tags，如何渲染左侧的分类，标签，归档呢？

新建标签get_query_data，必须返回一个字典

将视图函数中的相关代码，复制过来即可。

from django import template
register=template.Library()
@register.simple_tag

def mul_tag(x,y):
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> x*<span style="color: #000000;">y

from blog.models import Category,Tag,Article,UserInfo

from django.db.models import Count,Avg,Max
@register.inclusion_tag("left_region.html")

def get_query_data(username):

user = UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username).first()

# 查询当前站点对象

blog = user.blog
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询当前站点每一个分类的名称以及对应的文章数</span>
cate_list = Category.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> print(cate_list)</span>

<span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询当前站点每一个标签的名称以及对应的文章数</span>
tag_list = Tag.objects.filter(blog=blog).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article__title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)

</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 日期归档</span>
date_list = Article.objects.filter(user=user).extra(select={<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>: <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">strftime('%%Y/%%m',create_time)</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">}).values(
    </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>).annotate(c=Count(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>)).values_list(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">y_m_date</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>, <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">c</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> print(date_list)</span>

<span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> {<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">blog</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>:blog,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">username</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>:username,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">cate_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>:cate_list,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">tag_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>:tag_list,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">date_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>:date_list}</pre>

View Code

@register.inclusion_tag("left_region.html") 表示将返回结果渲染给left_region.html

如果在模板中有调用left_redig.html，那么这个文件，就会渲染，是渲染后的html文件！

在templates中新建文件left_region.html

<div class="left_region">
    <div class="panel panel-success">
        <div class="panel-heading">
            <h3 class="panel-title">随笔分类</h3>
        </div>
        <div class="panel-body">
            {% for cate in cate_list %}
                <p><a href="/{{ username }}/category/{{ cate.0 }}">{{ cate.0 }}({{ cate.1 }})</a></p>
            {% endfor %}
    </span>&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel panel-warning</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
    &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-heading</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
        &lt;h3 <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;我的标签&lt;/h3&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-body</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
        {</span>% <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> tag <span style="color: #0000ff;">in</span> tag_list %<span style="color: #000000;">}
            </span>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/{{ username }}/tag/{{ tag.0 }}</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;{{ tag.0 }}({{ tag.1 }})&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
        {</span>% endfor %<span style="color: #000000;">}
    </span>&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel panel-info</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
    &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-heading</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;
        &lt;h3 <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-title</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;日期归档&lt;/h3&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;div <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">panel-body</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
        {</span>% <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> date <span style="color: #0000ff;">in</span> date_list %<span style="color: #000000;">}
            </span>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/{{ username }}/achrive/{{ date.0 }}</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>&gt;{{ date.0 }}({{ date.1 }})&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;<span style="color: #000000;">
        {</span>% endfor %<span style="color: #000000;">}

    </span>&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

</div>

View Code

修改base.html，将<div class="col-md-3"></div> 中的内容部分，改为引用get_query_data标签

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    {#公共样式#}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/theme/common.css">
    {#个人站点主题样式#}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/theme/{{ blog.theme }}">
    {#bootstrap#}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css">
    <script src="/static/js/jquery.js"></script>
    <script src="/static/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
&lt;link rel=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">shortcut icon</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> href=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">https://common.cnblogs.com/favicon.ico</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> type=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">image/x-icon</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>/&gt;

</head>

<body>

<div class="header">

<p class="title">{{ blog.title }}</p>

</div>
<div class="container-fluid">

<div class="row">

<div class="col-md-3">

{#加载自定义标签模块#}

{% load my_tags %}

{#调用get_query_data标签,它返回left_region.html,是已经被渲染过的文件#}

{% get_query_data username %}

</div>

<div class="col-md-9">
        {</span>% block content %<span style="color: #000000;">}

        {</span>% endblock %<span style="color: #000000;">}

    </span>&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

</div>
</body>

</html>

View Code

此时刷新网页，效果同上!

修改views.py中的视图函数，删除get_query_data！

删除homesite和article_detail两个视图函数多余的代码

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
from django.contrib import auth
from blog.models import Article,UserInfo,Blog,Category,Tag
from django.db.models import Sum,Avg,Max,Min,Count
# Create your views here.
def login(request):
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> request.method==<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">POST</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:
    user</span>=request.POST.get(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">user</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
    pwd</span>=request.POST.get(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">pwd</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
    </span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 用户验证成功,返回user对象,否则返回None</span>
    user=auth.authenticate(username=user,password=<span style="color: #000000;">pwd)
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span><span style="color: #000000;"> user:
        </span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 登录,注册session</span>
        <span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 全局变量 request.user=当前登陆对象(session中)</span>

            auth.login(request,user)

return redirect("/index/")
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">login.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)

def index(request):

article_list=Article.objects.all()

return render(request,"index.html",{"article_list":article_list})
def logout(request):  # 注销

    auth.logout(request)

return redirect("/index/")
def query_current_site(request,username):  # 查询当前站点的博客标题

# 查询当前站点的用户对象

user = UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username).first()

if not user:

return render(request, "not_found.html")

# 查询当前站点对象

blog = user.blog

return blog
def homesite(request,username,**kwargs):

"""

查询

:param request:

:param username:

:return:

"""

print("kwargs", kwargs)
blog </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> query_current_site(request,username)

</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 查询当前用户发布的所有文章</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">not</span><span style="color: #000000;"> kwargs:
    article_list </span>= Article.objects.filter(user__username=<span style="color: #000000;">username)
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">else</span><span style="color: #000000;">:
    condition </span>= kwargs.get(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">condition</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
    params </span>= kwargs.get(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">params</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
    </span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">判断分类、随笔、归档</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> condition == <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">category</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:
        article_list </span>= Article.objects.filter(user__username=username).filter(category__title=<span style="color: #000000;">params)
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">elif</span> condition == <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">tag</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:
        article_list </span>= Article.objects.filter(user__username=username).filter(tags__title=<span style="color: #000000;">params)
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">else</span><span style="color: #000000;">:
        year, month </span>= params.split(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">/</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
        article_list </span>= Article.objects.filter(user__username=username).filter(create_time__year=<span style="color: #000000;">year,
                                                                              create_time__month</span>=<span style="color: #000000;">month)
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">homesite.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>,{<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">blog</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>:blog,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">username</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>:username,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_list</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">:article_list})

def article_detail(request,username,article_id):

blog = query_current_site(request,username)
</span><span style="color: #008000;">#</span><span style="color: #008000;">查询指定id的文章</span>
article_obj = Article.objects.filter(pk=<span style="color: #000000;">article_id).first()

</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> render(request,<span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_detail.html</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span>,{<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">blog</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>:blog,<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">username</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>:username,<span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">article_obj</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span>:article_obj})</pre>

View Code

注意：get_query_data标签只是定义了左侧的标签！那么homesite和article_detail两个视图函数，需要知道当前站点的博客标题。

所以需要专门定义个函数，来获取博客标题！

修改article_detail.html，删除测试的自定义标签

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}

<div class="article_info">

<h4 class="text-center">{{ article_obj.title }}</h4>

<div class="content">

{{ article_obj.content }}

</div>

</div>
{% endblock %}

View Code

重新访问个人站点，随便乱点，效果同上！

Inclusion tags的优点：

1.不用在视图函数中return字典

2.数据和样式结合在一起，返回一个渲染后的html

详情页显示html代码问题

访问一篇博客详情，比如：

http://127.0.0.1:8000/xiao/articles/5/

效果如下：

那么django响应给浏览器的，真的是原来的html代码吗？

修改id为5的文章记录，修改content字段的数据，先备份一下，改成一个h1标签。

刷新网页，效果如下：

打开浏览器控制台-->network，查看这次请求的响应体

发现代码被转义了！那么是谁转义了呢？当然是....

注意：这不是浏览器的锅，是django转义的，这是它的安全策略做的。遇到html或者js代码，会自动转义！

那么我们不要django转义呢？使用safe过滤器即可！

修改article_detail.html中的代码

{{ article_obj.content|safe }}

重新刷新页面，效果如下：

注意：这样有一个安全隐患！

举例：将内容修改为一段js代码

重新刷新页面，它会有一个提示框

注意：它只会弹一次。如果是下面这段代码呢？

<script>for (var i = 0; i < 99999; i++) {alert("hello");}</script>

数据库记录如下：

刷新页面试试？不用想了，你今天啥事不用干，疯狂的点击吧！

那么既要网页安全，又需要网站展示真实的内容，怎么办呢？

答案就是：数据库不存储html代码即可！存html和js代码时，需要做特殊处理。

后面讲到富文本编辑器，会讲到。完美解决这个问题！

参考资料：

Django 基础教程

转载声明：
作者：肖祥
出处： https://www.cnblogs.com/xiao987334176/

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/bqwzx/p/10198769.html