#列表的切片 lst = ["abc","bcd","cde","def","deg"] print(lst[0:3])#['abc', 'bcd', 'cde'] print(lst[:3])#['abc', 'bcd', 'cde'] print(lst[0::2])#['abc', 'cde', 'deg'] print(lst[::-1])#['deg', 'def', 'cde', 'bcd', 'abc'] print(lst[::-2])#['deg', 'cde', 'abc'] #列表list和字符串stirng不一样 lst_1 = ["abc","bcd","cde","def","deg"] lst_1[3] = "@@@" #可以修改成功 str = "ABCDESF" str[2] = "@" #字符串禁止这样修改
#列表可以直接在后边追加元素内容 #方法一:用append()函数 lst = [] while 1: str = input("输入职工姓名,Q表示退出:") if(str.upper() == "Q"): break else: lst.append(str) print(lst) #方法二:指定位置插入insert(pos,data) lst.insert(1,"###") print(lst)
#列表删除元素:pop(),remove,clear,del #pop()函数 lst = ["abc","bcd","cde","def","deg"] str = lst.pop()#这里和C++数据结构不一样,这里的pop有返回值,默认删除的是最后一个元素 print("删除的元素是:",str)#删除的元素是: deg print("删除后的列表是:",lst)#删除后的列表是: ['abc', 'bcd', 'cde', 'def'] str1 = lst.pop(1) #按指定的位置删除元素,这里删除第二个元素 print("删除的元素是:",str1)#删除的元素是: bcd print("删除后的列表是:",lst)#删除后的列表是: ['abc', 'cde', 'def'] #remove()函数 lst_1 = ["abc","bcd","cde","def","deg"] delData = input("你想删除的元素是:") #你想删除的元素是:bcd lst_1.remove(delData) #当删除的元素不存在的话,会报错 print("删除后的列表是:",lst_1) #删除后的列表是: ['abc', 'cde', 'def', 'deg'] #clear()清空列表 lst_2 = ["abc","bcd","cde","def","deg"] print("请空前:",lst_2) #请空前: ['abc', 'bcd', 'cde', 'def', 'deg'] lst_2.clear() print("清空后:",lst_2)#清空后: [] #del 切片删除 lst_3 = ["abc","bcd","cde","def","deg"] del lst_3[0:2] print("删除后的列表是:",lst_3)#删除后的列表是: ['cde', 'def', 'deg']
#可以使用for循环来实现对列表的操作 lst = ["abc","bcd","cde","def","deg"] for st in lst: print(st,end=" ")
lst = [2,5,3,6,1,43,90,5,4] #统计元素5的个数 count = lst.count(5) #元素5的个数是 : 2 print("元素5的个数是 :",count) #升序排列 lst.sort() print(lst) #[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 43, 90] #降序排列 lst.sort(reverse=True) print(lst) #[90, 43, 6, 5, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1] #列表的反转 lst_1 = ["abc","bcd","cde","def","deg"] lst_1.reverse() print(lst_1) #['deg', 'def', 'cde', 'bcd', 'abc']
上述的sort()是永久排序,只要执行完sort()列表就不会再变回以前的顺序了,所以就引出了临时排序sorted(list)
lst = ["one","two","three","frou","five"] tmepLst = sorted(lst) print(lst)#['one', 'two', 'three', 'frou', 'five'] print(tmepLst)#['five', 'frou', 'one', 'three', 'two']默认升序 print(lst)#['one', 'two', 'three', 'frou', 'five'] tempLstRever = sorted(lst,reverse=True) #修改参数reverse,可降序排列 print(tempLstRever)#['two', 'three', 'one', 'frou', 'five']
#倒序打印
lst = ["one","two","three","frou","five"] print(lst)#['one', 'two', 'three', 'frou', 'five'] lst.reverse() print(lst)#['five', 'frou', 'three', 'two', 'one']
#用if来判断一个列表,当列表是空的,就返回False,列表不是空的就返回True lst = [] if lst : print("不是空列表") else: print("是空列表")