二、在selenium中通过装饰器实现自动截图
写一个装饰：
# coding=utf-8
class Screen(object):
def __init__(self, driver):
self.driver = driver
def __call__(self, func):
def inner(*args, **kwargs):
try:
func(*args, **kwargs)
except:
import time
nowtime = time.strftime("%Y_%m_%d_%H_%M_%S")
self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file("%s.png" % nowtime)
raise
return inner
封装常用的操作：
# coding=utf-8
# selenium二次封装
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains # 处理鼠标事件
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select # 用于处理下拉框
from selenium.common.exceptions import * # 用于处理异常
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait # 用于处理元素等待
from PIL import Image, ImageEnhance
import pytesseract, re
import time
import sys
# reload(sys)
# sys.setdefaultcoding('utf-8')
def browser(browser):
try:
if browser == "chrome":
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
return driver
elif browser == "firefox":
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
return driver
elif browser == "ie":
driver == webdriver.Ie()
return driver
elif browser == "phantomjs":
driver = webdriver.PhantomJS()
return driver
else:
print("Not found this browser, You can enter 'chrome','firefox','ie' or 'phantomjs'")
except Exception as msg:
print
"%s" % msg
class Action(object):
def __init__(self, driver):
self.driver = driver
def open(self, url, title='', timeout=10):
u"""打开浏览器，并最大化，判断title是否为预期"""
self.driver.get(url)
self.driver.maximize_window()
try:
WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, 1).until(EC.title_contains(title))
except TimeoutException:
print("open %s title error" % url)
except Exception as msg:
print("Error:%s" % msg)
def find_element(self, locator, timeout=10):
u"""定位元素，参数locator为原则"""
try:
element = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, 1).until(EC.presence_of_element_located(locator))
return element
except:
print("%s 页面未找到元素 %s" % (self, locator))
def find_elements(self, locator, timeout=10):
u"""定位一组元素"""
elements = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, 1).until(EC.presence_of_all_elements_located(locator))
return elements
def click(self, locator):
u"""封装点击操作"""
element = self.find_element(locator)
element.click()
def send_key(self, locator, text):
u"""发送文本后清除内容"""
element = self.find_element(locator)
element.clear()
element.send_keys(text)
def is_text_in_element(self, text, locator, timeout=10):
u"""判断是否定位到元素"""
try:
result = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, 1).until(EC.text_to_be_present_in_element(locator, text))
except TimeoutException:
print
u"元素未定位到:" + str(locator)
return False
else:
return result
def is_title(self, title, timeout=10):
u"""判断title完全相等"""
result = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, 1).until(EC.title_is(title))
return result
def is_title_contains(self, title, timeout=10):
u"""判断是否包含title"""
result = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, 1).until(EC.title_contains(title))
return result
def is_select(self, locator, timeout=10):
u"""判断元素是否被选中"""
result = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, 1).until(EC.element_located_to_be_selected(locator))
return result
def is_select_be(self, locator, timeout=10, selected=True):
u"""判断元素的状态"""
return WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, 1).until(EC.element_located_selection_state_to_be(locator, selected))
def is_alert_present(self, timeout=10):
u"""判断页面有无alert弹出框，有alert返回alert，无alert返回FALSE"""
try:
return WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, 1).until(EC.alert_is_present())
except:
print "No Alert Present"
def is_visibility(self, locator, timeout=10):
u"""判断元素是否可见，可见返回本身，不可见返回FALSE"""
return WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, 1).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(locator))
def is_invisibility(self, locator, timeout=10):
u"""判断元素是否可见，不可见，未找到元素返回True"""
return WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, 1).until(EC.invisibility_of_element_located(locator))
def is_clickable(self, locator, timeout=10):
u"""判断元素是否可以点击，可以点击返回本身，不可点击返回FALSE"""
return WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, 1).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable(locator))
def is_located(self, locator, timeout=10):
u"""判断元素是否定位到（元素不一定是可见），如果定位到返回Element，未定位到返回FALSE"""
return WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, 1).until(EC.presence_of_element_located(locator))
def move_is_element(self, locator):
u"""鼠标悬停操作"""
element = self.find_element(locator)
ActionChains(self.driver).move_to_element(element).perform()
def back(self):
u"""返回到旧的窗口"""
self.driver.back()
def forward(self):
u"""前进到新窗口"""
self.driver.forward()
def close(self):
u"""关闭窗口"""
self.driver.close()
def quit(self):
u"""关闭driver和所有窗口"""
self.driver.quit()
def get_title(self):
u"""获取当前窗口的title"""
return self.driver.title
def get_current_url(self):
u"""获取当前页面url"""
return self.driver.current_url
def get_text(self, locator):
u"""获取文本内容"""
return self.find_element(locator).text
def get_browser_log_level(self):
u"""获取浏览器错误日志级别"""
lists = self.driver.get_log('browser')
list_value = []
if lists.__len__() != 0:
for dicts in lists:
for key, value in dicts.items():
list_value.append(value)
if 'SEVERE' in list_value:
return "SEVERE"
elif 'WARNING' in list_value:
return "WARNING"
return "SUCCESS"
def get_attribute(self, locator, name):
u"""获取属性"""
return self.find_element(locator).get_attribute(name)
def get_screen_as_file(self, func):
u"""异常自动截图"""
def inner(*args, **kwargs):
try:
func(*args, **kwargs)
except:
self.screen()
raise
return inner
def screen(self):
u"""浏览器页面截图"""
nowtime = time.strftime("%Y_%m_%d_%H_%M_%S")
self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file("%s.png" % nowtime)
def js_execute(self, js):
u"""执行js"""
return self.driver.execute_script(js)
def js_fours_element(self, locator):
u"""聚焦元素"""
element = self.find_element(locator)
self.driver.execute_script("arguments[0].scrollIntoView();", element)
def js_scroll_top(self):
u"""滑动到页面顶部"""
js = "window.scrollTo(0,0)"
self.driver.execute_script(js)
def js_scroll_end(self):
u"""滑动到页面底部"""
js = "window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight)"
self.driver.execute_script(js)
def select_by_index(self, locator, index):
u"""通过所有index，0开始,定位元素"""
element = self.find_element(locator)
Select(element).select_by_index(index)
def select_by_value(self, locator, value):
u"""通过value定位元素"""
element = self.find_element(locator)
Select(element).select_by_value(value)
def select_by_text(self, locator, text):
u"""通过text定位元素"""
element = self.find_element(locator)
Select(element).select_by_visible_text(text)
def get_verify_code(self, locator):
u"""获取图片验证码"""
# 验证码图片保存地址
screenImg = "D:/image/verifyCode.png"
# 浏览器页面截图
self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file(screenImg)
# 定位验证码大小
location = self.find_element(locator).location
size = self.find_element(locator).size
left = location['x']
top = location['y']
right = location['x'] + size['width']
bottom = location['y'] + size['height']
# 从文件读取截图，截取验证码位置再次保存
img = Image.open(screenImg).crop((left, top, right, bottom))
img.convert('L') # 转换模式：L|RGB
img = ImageEnhance.Contrast(img) # 增加对比度
img = img.enhance(2.0) # 增加饱和度
img.save(screenImg)
# 再次读取验证码
img = Image.open(screenImg)
time.sleep(1)
code = pytesseract.image_to_string(img)
return code
封装Page页面：
# coding=utf-8
from demo.action.action import Action, browser
base_url = "https://mpss.mindray.com/Login.aspx?ru=9a4aoaZO3ejM9GQIU8snydU6sBSEvil1o2s%2bNFZrstNCZBoyZoGOxJjTzn%2bO%2bbN0"
class LoginPage(Action):
username_loc = ("css selector", "input[id='login_name'][name='login_name']")
password_loc = ("css selector", "input[id='password'][name='password1']")
verify_code_loc = ("id", "authcodeimg")
verify_code_text_loc = ("css selector", "input[id='txtauthcode'][name='txtauthcode']")
login_button = ("css selector", "input[id='proxy_login'][class='login_btn']")
def input_username(self):
self.send_key(self.username_loc, "********")
def input_password(self):
self.send_key(self.password_loc, "********")
def input_verify_code(self):
self.send_key(self.verify_code_text_loc, self.get_verify_code(self.verify_code_loc))
def click_login(self):
self.click(self.login_button)
测试代码：
# coding=utf-8
from demo.action.login_page import LoginPage, base_url
from demo.action.action import browser
from common.screen import Screen
import unittest
class Login(unittest.TestCase):
driver = browser("chrome")
def setUp(self):
self.login_page = LoginPage(self.driver)
self.login_page.open(base_url)
def login(self):
self.login_page.input_username()
self.login_page.input_password()
self.login_page.input_verify_code()
self.login_page.click_login()
@Screen(driver)
def test_login(self):
self.login()
while self.login_page.is_alert_present():
self.login_page.is_alert_present().accept()
self.login()
def tearDown(self):
self.login_page.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
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版权声明：本文为CSDN博主「qq969887453」的原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq969887453/article/details/89607331
#-------------------------
使用selenium的By方式定位，首先得导入该模块
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
id属性定位
find_element(By.ID,"id")
name属性定位
find_element(By.NAME,"name")
classname属性定位
find_element(By.CLASS_NAME,"claname")
a标签文本属性定位
find_element(By.LINK_TEXT,"text")
a标签部分文本属性定位
find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT,"partailtext")
标签名定位
·find_elemnt(By.TAG_NAME,"input")
xpath路径定位
find_element(By.XPATH,"//div[@name='name']")
css选择器定位
find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#id")