虽然是古老的问题，最近用到这个，查一下还不少东东呐
一、使用Environment.SpecialFolder
该方法最简单，直接使用即可，只是提供的特殊路径比较少。
(1)使用方法：
string path = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Programs);
(2)获取参数：
foreach (Environment.SpecialFolder s in
Enum.GetValues(typeof(Environment.SpecialFolder)))
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} folder : {1}",
s, Environment.GetFolderPath(s));
}
(3)输出参数列表：
Desktop = C:Documents and Settingsgmj桌面
Programs = C:Documents and Settingsgmj「开始」菜单程序
Personal = E:我的文档
Personal = E:我的文档
Favorites = C:Documents and SettingsgmjFavorites
Startup = C:Documents and Settingsgmj「开始」菜单程序启动
Recent = C:Documents and SettingsgmjRecent
SendTo = C:Documents and SettingsgmjSendTo
StartMenu = C:Documents and Settingsgmj「开始」菜单
MyMusic = E:我的文档My Music
DesktopDirectory = C:Documents and Settingsgmj桌面
MyComputer =
Templates = C:Documents and SettingsgmjTemplates
ApplicationData = C:Documents and SettingsgmjApplication Data
LocalApplicationData = C:Documents and SettingsgmjLocal SettingsApplication Data
InternetCache = C:Documents and SettingsgmjLocal SettingsTemporary Internet Files
Cookies = C:Documents and SettingsgmjCookies
History = C:Documents and SettingsgmjLocal SettingsHistory
CommonApplicationData = C:Documents and SettingsAll UsersApplication Data
System = C:WINDOWSsystem32
ProgramFiles = C:Program Files
MyPictures = E:我的文档My Pictures
CommonProgramFiles = C:Program FilesCommon Files
合计：23行
二、使用Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable
该方法可提供更多内容。
(1)使用方法：
string path = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("ALLUSERSPROFILE");
(2)获取参数：
foreach (DictionaryEntry de in Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables())
{
Console.WriteLine(" {0} = {1}", de.Key, de.Value);
}
(3)输出参数列表：
Path = D:Program FilesSunOPhone SDK ools;D:Program FilesSunandroid-sdk-windows-1.5_r2 ools;D:Program
FilesSunSDKjdkin;D:Program FilesSunSDKjdkjrein;E:oracleora92in;C:Program FilesOraclejre1.3.1in;C:Program
FilesOraclejre1.1.8in;C:WINDOWSsystem32;C:WINDOWS;C:WINDOWSSystem32Wbem;C:Program FilesIntelDMIX;C:Program
FilesMicrosoft SQL Server90Toolsinn;D:Program FilesCodeSmithv5.0;D:Program FilesSymantecpcAnywhere;C:Program
FilesIxiaIxChariot;D:Program FilesSunSDKin;
TEMP = C:DOCUME~1gmjLOCALS~1Temp
SESSIONNAME = Console
PATHEXT = .COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH
USERDOMAIN = EVER62
PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE = x86
SystemDrive = C:
APPDATA = C:Documents and SettingsgmjApplication Data
JSERV = E:oracleora92/Apache/Jserv/conf
windir = C:WINDOWS
_ACP_INCLUDE = D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8VCinclude;D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8
VCatlmfcinclude;D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8VCPlatformSDKinclude;D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8
SDKv2.0include
TMP = C:DOCUME~1gmjLOCALS~1Temp
USERPROFILE = C:Documents and Settingsgmj
ProgramFiles = C:Program Files
FP_NO_HOST_CHECK = NO
HOMEPATH = Documents and Settingsgmj
COMPUTERNAME = EVER62
_ACP_PATH = D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8VCin;D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8
VCPlatformSDKin;D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8Common7Toolsin;D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8
Common7 ools;D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8Common7ide;C:Program FilesHTML Help Workshop;D:Program
FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8SDKv2.0in;C:WINDOWSMicrosoft.NETFrameworkv2.0.50727;D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual
Studio 8;D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8\SDKv2.0in;C:WINDOWSSysWow64;D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio
8Team ToolsStatic Analysis ToolsFxCop;D:Program FilesSunOPhone SDK ools;D:Program FilesSunandroid-sdk-windows-1.5_r2
ools;D:Program FilesSunSDKjdkin;D:Program FilesSunSDKjdkjrein;E:oracleora92in;C:Program
FilesOraclejre1.3.1in;C:Program FilesOraclejre1.1.8in;C:WINDOWSsystem32;C:WINDOWS;C:WINDOWSSystem32
Wbem;C:Program FilesIntelDMIX;C:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL Server90Toolsinn;D:Program FilesCodeSmithv5.0
;D:Program FilesSymantecpcAnywhere;C:Program FilesIxiaIxChariot;D:Program FilesSunSDKin;
USERNAME = gmj
NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS = 2
PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER = x86 Family 6 Model 23 Stepping 6, GenuineIntel
_ACP_LIB = D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8VClib;D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8
VCatlmfclib;D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8VCatlmfclibi386;D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8
VCPlatformSDKlib;D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8SDKv2.0lib;D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8
;D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8lib
WecVersionForRosebud.DA8 = 2
SystemRoot = C:WINDOWS
ComSpec = C:WINDOWSsystem32cmd.exe
LOGONSERVER = http://www.cnblogs.com/xinyuxin912/***
VS80COMNTOOLS = D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8Common7Tools
_ACP_ATLPROV = D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 8VCBinATLProv.dll
WV_GATEWAY_CFG = E:oracleora92Apachemodplsqlcfgwdbsvr.app
CommonProgramFiles = C:Program FilesCommon Files
PROCESSOR_LEVEL = 6
PROCESSOR_REVISION = 1706
CLIENTNAME = Console
ALLUSERSPROFILE = C:Documents and SettingsAll Users
VS90COMNTOOLS = D:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio 9.0Common7Tools
OS = Windows_NT
HOMEDRIVE = C:
合计：37行
三、调用shell32中的SHGetSpecialFolderPath
需要引用"System.Runtime.InteropServices”命名空间。
(1)使用方法：
[DllImport("shell32.dll")]
static extern bool SHGetSpecialFolderPath(IntPtr hwndOwner,[Out] StringBuilder lpszPath, int nFolder, bool fCreate);
const int CSIDL_PROGRAMS = 2; // WindowsStart MenuPrograms
StringBuilder pathBuilder = new StringBuilder(260);
SHGetSpecialFolderPath(IntPtr.Zero, pathBuilder, CSIDL_PROGRAMS, false);
string path = pathBuilder.ToString(); // should now hold the path
(2)参数列表：
Here's the full list of CSIDL's from ShlObj.h
constint CSIDL_DESKTOP =0x0000; // <desktop>
constint CSIDL_INTERNET =0x0001; // Internet Explorer (icon on desktop)
constint CSIDL_PROGRAMS =0x0002; // Start MenuPrograms
constint CSIDL_CONTROLS =0x0003; // My ComputerControl Panel
constint CSIDL_PRINTERS =0x0004; // My ComputerPrinters
constint CSIDL_PERSONAL =0x0005; // My Documents
constint CSIDL_FAVORITES =0x0006; // <user name>Favorites
constint CSIDL_STARTUP =0x0007; // Start MenuProgramsStartup
constint CSIDL_RECENT =0x0008; // <user name>Recent
constint CSIDL_SENDTO =0x0009; // <user name>SendTo
constint CSIDL_BITBUCKET =0x000a; // <desktop>Recycle Bin
constint CSIDL_STARTMENU =0x000b; // <user name>Start Menu
constint CSIDL_MYDOCUMENTS = CSIDL_PERSONAL;// Personal was just a silly name for My Documents
constint CSIDL_MYMUSIC =0x000d; // "My Music" folder
constint CSIDL_MYVIDEO =0x000e; // "My Videos" folder
constint CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY =0x0010; // <user name>Desktop
constint CSIDL_DRIVES =0x0011; // My Computer
constint CSIDL_NETWORK =0x0012; // Network Neighborhood (My Network Places)
constint CSIDL_NETHOOD =0x0013; // <user name> ethood
constint CSIDL_FONTS =0x0014; // windowsfonts
constint CSIDL_TEMPLATES =0x0015;
constint CSIDL_COMMON_STARTMENU =0x0016; // All UsersStart Menu
constint CSIDL_COMMON_PROGRAMS =0x0017; // All UsersStart MenuPrograms
constint CSIDL_COMMON_STARTUP =0x0018; // All UsersStartup
constint CSIDL_COMMON_DESKTOPDIRECTORY =0x0019; // All UsersDesktop
constint CSIDL_APPDATA =0x001a; // <user name>Application Data
constint CSIDL_PRINTHOOD =0x001b; // <user name>PrintHood
constint CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA =0x001c; // <user name>Local SettingsApplicaiton Data (non roaming)
constint CSIDL_ALTSTARTUP =0x001d; // non localized startup
constint CSIDL_COMMON_ALTSTARTUP =0x001e; // non localized common startup
constint CSIDL_COMMON_FAVORITES =0x001f;
constint CSIDL_INTERNET_CACHE =0x0020;
constint CSIDL_COOKIES =0x0021;
constint CSIDL_HISTORY =0x0022;
constint CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA =0x0023; // All UsersApplication Data
constint CSIDL_WINDOWS =0x0024; // GetWindowsDirectory()
constint CSIDL_SYSTEM =0x0025; // GetSystemDirectory()
constint CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES =0x0026; // C:Program Files
constint CSIDL_MYPICTURES =0x0027; // C:Program FilesMy Pictures
constint CSIDL_PROFILE =0x0028; // USERPROFILE
constint CSIDL_SYSTEMX86 =0x0029; // x86 system directory on RISC
constint CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILESX86 =0x002a; // x86 C:Program Files on RISC
constint CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES_COMMON =0x002b; // C:Program FilesCommon
constint CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES_COMMONX86 =0x002c; // x86 Program FilesCommon on RISC
constint CSIDL_COMMON_TEMPLATES =0x002d; // All UsersTemplates
constint CSIDL_COMMON_DOCUMENTS =0x002e; // All UsersDocuments
constint CSIDL_COMMON_ADMINTOOLS =0x002f; // All UsersStart MenuProgramsAdministrative Tools
constint CSIDL_ADMINTOOLS =0x0030; // <user name>Start MenuProgramsAdministrative Tools
constint CSIDL_CONNECTIONS =0x0031; // Network and Dial-up Connections
constint CSIDL_COMMON_MUSIC =0x0035; // All UsersMy Music
constint CSIDL_COMMON_PICTURES =0x0036; // All UsersMy Pictures
constint CSIDL_COMMON_VIDEO =0x0037; // All UsersMy Video
constint CSIDL_RESOURCES =0x0038; // Resource Direcotry
constint CSIDL_RESOURCES_LOCALIZED =0x0039; // Localized Resource Direcotry
constint CSIDL_COMMON_OEM_LINKS =0x003a; // Links to All Users OEM specific apps
constint CSIDL_CDBURN_AREA =0x003b; // USERPROFILELocal SettingsApplication DataMicrosoftCD Burning
constint CSIDL_COMPUTERSNEARME =0x003d; // Computers Near Me (computered from Workgroup membership)
constint CSIDL_FLAG_CREATE =0x8000; // combine with CSIDL_ value to force folder creation in SHGetFolderPath()
constint CSIDL_FLAG_DONT_VERIFY =0x4000; // combine with CSIDL_ value to return an unverified folder path
constint CSIDL_FLAG_DONT_UNEXPAND =0x2000; // combine with CSIDL_ value to avoid unexpanding environment variables
constint CSIDL_FLAG_NO_ALIAS =0x1000; // combine with CSIDL_ value to insure non-alias versions of the pidl
constint CSIDL_FLAG_PER_USER_INIT =0x0800; // combine with CSIDL_ value to indicate per-user init (eg. upgrade)
四、期待.net4.0
还没装.net4.0呢，好像已经扩展了SpecialFolder，比如我要获取 "C:Documents and SettingsAll Users「开始」菜单程序",则可以直接使用
string path = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.CommonPrograms);
没实际验证过，如果您验证了帮我补充一
Example:
// C:UsersUSERNAMEDocuments
string path = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyDocuments);