• Asp.net MVC 实例


    http://www.cnblogs.com/chrischen662/archive/2010/08/13/1798876.html

    MVC架构已深得人心,微软也不甘落后,推出了Asp.net MVC,并在vs2010中已经内置了MVC的相关功能。如果使用vs2008,需要下载安装Service Pack 1和ASP.NET MVC Framework。MVC现在已经是2.0的版本。

    选择相关开发语言,创建一个 ASP.NET MVC Web Application 项目,选择不需要单元测试,这样生成了一个MVC框架,按Ctrl+F5运行,可看到一个欢迎主页。

    注意:使用MVC后不是按链接文件来访问页面,而是通过控制器实现路由链接。

    我们通过一个简单的增删查改的功能来体会一下MVC开发的过程。

    第一步:模块开发

    首先我们创建一个简单的表格:test,该表格只有两个字段:id和name。并创建一个数据类,在Models文件夹中创建一个类,代码如下:

    代码

    //Test.cs

    using System;

    using System.Collections.Generic;

    using System.Linq;

    using System.Web;



    namespace MvcWeb.Models

    {

    public class Test

    {

    private int _id = -1;



    public int id

    {

    get { return _id; }

    set { _id = value; }

    }



    public String name {get;set;}

    }

    }

    然后在Models文件夹中创建一个文件夹:Maping,在此文件中新建一个LINQ to Sql,将test表拖进设计器中,保存。

    最后在Models文件夹中新建一个类:TestModel.cs,输入如下代码:

    代码

    using System;

    using System.Collections.Generic;

    using System.Linq;

    using System.Web;

    using System.Data.Linq;

    using MvcWeb.Models.Maping;



    namespace MvcWeb.Models

    {

    public static class TestModel

    {

    private static TestDbMapingDataContext testDb = new TestDbMapingDataContext();



    //返回记录总数

    public static int Count()

    {

    return testDb.test.Count();

    }



    //分页列表

    public static List<Test> GetList(int page, int pageSize)

    {

    var query = (from c in testDb.test orderby c.id ascending select c).Skip((page - 1) * pageSize).Take(pageSize);

    List<Test> result = new List<Test>();

    foreach (var t in query)

    result.Add(FillRecord(t));

    return result;

    }



    //列表

    public static List<Test> GetList()

    {

    var query = (from c in testDb.test orderby c.id ascending select c);

    List<Test> result = new List<Test>();

    foreach (var t in query)

    result.Add(FillRecord(t));

    return result;

    }



    //修改和插入保存

    public static long Save(Test myTest)

    {

    try

    {

    test t = (from c in testDb.test where c.id == myTest.id select c).FirstOrDefault();

    if (t == null)

    {

    t = new test();

    t.id = myTest.id;

    t.name = myTest.name;

    testDb.test.InsertOnSubmit(t);

    }

    else

    {

    t.name = myTest.name;

    }

    testDb.SubmitChanges();

    return t.id;

    }

    catch(ChangeConflictException ce)

    {

    testDb.ChangeConflicts.ResolveAll(RefreshMode.OverwriteCurrentValues);

    testDb.SubmitChanges();

    }

    return -1;

    }



    //删除记录

    public static bool Delete(int id)

    {

    try

    {



    test t = (from c in testDb.test where c.id == id select c).FirstOrDefault();

    testDb.test.DeleteOnSubmit(t);



    testDb.SubmitChanges();

    return t != null;

    }

    catch (ChangeConflictException ce)

    {

    testDb.ChangeConflicts.ResolveAll(RefreshMode.OverwriteCurrentValues);

    testDb.SubmitChanges();

    }

    return false;

    }



    //取一条记录

    public static Test GetItem(int id)

    {

    test t = (from c in testDb.test where c.id == id select c).FirstOrDefault();

    return FillRecord(t);

    }



    //构造数据对象

    private static Test FillRecord(test i)

    {

    Test result = null;

    if (i != null)

    {

    result = new Test();

    result.id = i.id;

    result.name = i.name;

    }

    return result;

    }

    }

    }

    第二步:控制器开发

    在Controllers文件夹中右键选择Controller,将生成一个控制器,将文件名改为:TestController.cs,并将代码做些修改,以访问模块:

    代码

    using System;

    using System.Collections.Generic;

    using System.Linq;

    using System.Web;

    using System.Web.Mvc;

    using MvcWeb.Models;



    namespace MvcWeb.Controllers

    {

    public class TestController : Controller

    {

    //

    // GET: /Test/

    int pageSize = 3;



    public ActionResult Index(int page)

    {

    if (page * pageSize > TestModel.Count()) page = page - 1;

    if (page <= 0) page = 1;



    ViewData["page"] = page;



    var model = TestModel.GetList(page, pageSize);



    return View(model);

    }



    //

    // GET: /Test/Details/5



    public ActionResult Details(int id)

    {

    var model = TestModel.GetItem(id);

    return View(model);

    }



    //

    // GET: /Test/Create



    public ActionResult Create()

    {

    Test mytest = new Test();

    return View(mytest);

    }



    //

    // POST: /Test/Create



    [HttpPost]

    public ActionResult Create(int id,FormCollection collection)

    {

    try

    {

    // TODO: Add insert logic here

    Test mytest = new Test();

    UpdateModel(mytest, collection.ToValueProvider());

    if(mytest.name == null)

    ViewData.ModelState.AddModelError("name", "userName not specified.");

    if (!ViewData.ModelState.IsValid)

    throw new InvalidOperationException();

    TestModel.Save(mytest);



    return RedirectToAction("Index?page=1");



    }

    catch(InvalidOperationException ex)

    {

    return View(new Test());

    }

    }



    //

    // GET: /Test/Edit/5



    public ActionResult Edit(int id)

    {

    var model = TestModel.GetItem(id);

    return View(model);

    }



    //

    // POST: /Test/Edit/5



    [HttpPost]

    public ActionResult Edit(int id, FormCollection collection)

    {

    try

    {

    // TODO: Add update logic here

    Test mytest = new Test();



    UpdateModel(mytest, collection.ToValueProvider());



    TestModel.Save(mytest);



    return RedirectToAction("Index?page=1");

    }

    catch

    {

    return View();

    }

    }



    //

    // GET: /Test/Delete/5



    public ActionResult Delete(int id)

    {

    var model = TestModel.GetItem(id);

    return View(model);

    }



    //

    // POST: /Test/Delete/5



    [HttpPost]

    public ActionResult Delete(int id, FormCollection collection)

    {

    try

    {

    // TODO: Add delete logic here

    TestModel.Delete(id);

    return RedirectToAction("Index", new { page = 1 });

    }

    catch

    {

    return View();

    }

    }

    }

    }

    第三步:视图开发

    在控制器的Index方法中按右键,选择“Add View”,作出如下图的选择:

    即在Views/Test文件夹下面生成一个视图:Index.aspx,因为我们使用了分页设计,所以在文件后面加上如代码:

    <%= Html.ActionLink("Create New", "Create") %>

    <% =Html.ActionLink("<< 前一页", "Index", new { page = (int)ViewData["Page"] - 1 })%>

    <% =Html.ActionLink("后一页 >>", "Index", new { page = (int)ViewData["Page"] + 1 })%>

    打开Views/Home/Index.aspx,加入一个对Test页面的链接:

    <%= Html.ActionLink("测试", "Index?page=1", "Test")%>

    按上面的方法在控制器的Create, Edit, Delete生成相关视图,因为主页使用了分页,所以要将返回主页的链接“Back to List”,略作修改:“Index?page=1”。我们可以看看生成的Create.aspx的代码:

    代码

    <%@ Page Title="" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Site.Master" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<MvcWeb.Models.Test>" %>



    <asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="TitleContent" runat="server">

    Create

    </asp:Content>



    <asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent" runat="server">



    <h2>Create</h2>



    <% using (Html.BeginForm()) {%>

    <%= Html.ValidationSummary(true) %>



    <fieldset>

    <legend>Fields</legend>



    <div class="editor-label">

    <%= Html.LabelFor(model => model.id) %>

    </div>

    <div class="editor-field">

    <%= Html.TextBoxFor(model => model.id) %>

    <%= Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.id) %>

    </div>



    <div class="editor-label">

    <%= Html.LabelFor(model => model.name) %>

    </div>

    <div class="editor-field">

    <%= Html.TextBoxFor(model => model.name) %>

    <%= Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.name) %>

    </div>



    <p>

    <input type="submit" value="Create" />

    </p>

    </fieldset>



    <% } %>



    <div>

    <%= Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index?page=1") %>

    </div>



    </asp:Content>


    完成任务,按Ctrl+F5运行,在主页上点击“测试”,即可体验增删查改的功能。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/blsong/p/1945563.html
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