1. 数据库安装先决条件
1.1 认证的操作系统检查确认
o RHEL4,OEL4 - update 7 or greater
o RHEL5,OEL5 - 5.2 or greater
o RHEL6,OEL6 - 6.0 or greater
o SLES10 - Kernel 2.6.16.21-0.8 or greater
o SLES11 - Kernel 2.6.27.19-5 or greater
o Asianux Server 3 SP2
NOTE: On RHEL6/OEL6, 11.2.0.3 or later is certified (not 11.2.0.1 or 11.2.0.2)
详情请参考文档：Certification Information for Oracle Database on Linux x86-64 (Doc ID 1304727.2)
1.2 系统硬件和软件环境检查
1） 物理内存至少4G
# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
2）swap一般需要和物理内存相当，大于32G则设置32G，不满足需要扩容
# free -g
If RAM between 2 GB and 8 GB then 2 times the size fo RAM.
If RAM between 8 GB to 32 GB then 1.5 times the size of RAM.
If RAM greater than 32 GB then 32 GB
3） Tmp至少1G，不满足需扩容
# df -h
4）建议Oracle软件所需空间至少80G。
lvcreate -L 80G -n lvoraapp rootvg
mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/rootvg-lvoraapp
mkdir /oracle
cp /etc/fstab{,_$(date +%Y%m%d)}
echo "/dev/mapper/rootvg-lvoraapp /oracle ext4 defaults 1 2" >> /etc/fstab
mount -a
5） IP 需求
每个节点一个public IP，一个virtual IP，一个private IP；
整个集群需要至少一个SCAN IP；
6）检查数据库版本以及内核，注意RHEL6/OEL6操作系统内核支持11.2.0.3或更高的ORACLE数据库版本，但是不支持11.2.0.1 或者 11.2.0.2（参考文档ID169706.1）
# uname –a
# lsb_release -a
# cat /etc/redhat-release
7） 检查防火墙和selinux是否关闭
# 检查防火墙是否关闭
service iptables status
# 关闭防火墙
chkconfig iptables off
service iptables stop
# 确认防火墙已关闭
service iptables status
chkconfig --list iptables
# 检查selinux是否禁用
# 禁用selinux，配置/etc/sysconfig/selinux，修改SELINUX项为disabled
SELINUX=disabled
# 检查确认，需要重启操作系统生效
grep 'SELINUX=' /etc/sysconfig/selinux
8）检查依赖的系统软件包
<1> Installed the following packages for Oracle Linux5, RHEL5
binutils-2.17.50.0.6-6.el5 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61 (i386)
elfutils-libelf-0.125-3.el5 (x86_64)
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125-3 (x86_64)
elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.125-3 (x86_64)
gcc-4.1.2-42.el5 (x86_64)
gcc-c++-4.1.2-42.el5 (x86_64)
glibc-2.5-24 (x86_64)
glibc-2.5-24 (i686)
glibc-common-2.5-24 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.5-24 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.5-24 (i386)
glibc-headers-2.5-24 (x86_64)
ksh-20060214-1.7 (x86_64)
libaio-0.3.106-3.2 (x86_64)
libaio-0.3.106-3.2 (i386)
libaio-devel-0.3.106-3.2 (x86_64)
libaio-devel-0.3.106-3.2 (i386)
libgcc-4.1.2-42.el5 (i386)
libgcc-4.1.2-42.el5 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.1.2-42.el5 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.1.2-42.el5 (i386)
libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-42 (x86_64)
make-3.81-3.el5 (x86_64)
kernel-headers-2.6.18-92 (x86_64)
libgomp-4.1.2-42 (x86_64)
sysstat-7.0.2-1 (x86_64)
unixODBC-2.2.14 (x86_64)
unixODBC-2.2.14 (i386)
unixODBC-devel-2.2.14 (x86_64)
unixODBC-devel-2.2.14 (i386)
<2> Installed the following packages for Oracle Linux6, RHEL6
binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)
compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)
glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686
ksh
libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686
make-3.81-19.el6
sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)
unixODBC-2.2.14-11.el6 (x86_64) or later
unixODBC-2.2.14-11.el6.i686 or later
unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-11.el6 (x86_64) or later
unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-11.el6.i686 or later
cpp-4.4.4-13.el6(x86_64)
glibc-headers-2.12-1.7.el6(x86_64)
mpfr.x86_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6(x86_64)
<3> Installed the following packages for Oracle Linux7, RHEL7
binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7.x86_64
compat-libcap1-1.10-3.el7.x86_64
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.i686
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.x86_64
gcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
gcc-c++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
glibc-2.17-36.el7.i686
glibc-2.17-36.el7.x86_64
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.i686
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.x86_64
ksh
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.i686
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.i686
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.i686
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.x86_64
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.i686
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.x86_64
make-3.82-19.el7.x86_64
sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7.x86_64
unixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later
unixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later
cpp-4.8.2-16.el7.x86_64
glibc-headers-2.17-55.el7.x86_64
mpfr-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64
-- 将上面软件包写入到/tmp/pkg.info文件
OLDIFS=${IFS}
IFS=$' '
for i in $(cat /tmp/pkg.info); do
if [[ "$(uname -r)" =~ "2.6.18" ]]; then
a=${i%-*};
[[ "${i}" =~ "(32" ]] && a=$a.i686
else
a=${i%-*};
a=${a%-*};
[[ "${i}" =~ "i686" ]] && a=$a.i686
fi
rpm -q $a
[[ "$?" = "0" ]] || yum -y install $a
done
IFS=${OLDIFS}
# 检查软件包
-- linux5
rpm -q --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH}) " binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc-2.5 glibc-2.5.i686 glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC
-- linux6
rpm -q --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH}) " binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf unixODBC unixODBC-devel smartmontools pdksh compat-libstdc++-33.i686 glibc.i686 glibc-devel.i686 libgcc.i686 libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel.i686 libaio.i686 libaio-devel.i686 unixODBC.i686 unixODBC-devel.i686
-- linux7
rpm -q --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH}) " binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc.i686 glibc glibc-devel.i686 glibc-devel ksh libaio.i686 libaio libaio-devel.i686 libaio-devel libgcc.i686 libgcc libstdc++.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++-devel.i686 libstdc++-devel libXi.i686 libXi libXtst.i686 libXtst make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel.i686
# 安装软件包
-- linux5
yum install -y binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc-2.5 glibc-2.5.i686 glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC
-- linux6
yum install -y binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf unixODBC unixODBC-devel smartmontools pdksh compat-libstdc++-33.i686 glibc.i686 glibc-devel.i686 libgcc.i686 libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel.i686 libaio.i686 libaio-devel.i686 unixODBC.i686 unixODBC-devel.i686
-- linux7
yum install -y binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc.i686 glibc glibc-devel.i686 glibc-devel ksh libaio.i686 libaio libaio-devel.i686 libaio-devel libgcc.i686 libgcc libstdc++.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++-devel.i686 libstdc++-devel libXi.i686 libXi libXtst.i686 libXtst make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel.i686
1.3 修改/etc/hosts文件
注1：hostname不允许使用下划线_，建议统一使用小写字母和数字组合，否则安装过程可能会报错。
cp /etc/hosts{,_$(date +%Y%m%d)}
cat >> /etc/hosts <EOF
127.0.0.1 loopback localhost
::1 loopback localhost
# Public Network - (bond0)
192.168.8.145 orcl1
192.168.8.146 orcl2
# Private Interconnect - (bond1)
192.168.168.145 orcl1-priv
192.168.168.146 orcl2-priv
# Public Virtual IP (VIP) addresses - (bond0:X)
192.168.8.147 orcl1-vip
192.168.8.148 orcl2-vip
# SCAN IP - (bond0:X)
192.168.8.149 orcl-scan
EOF
1.4 创建用户和组并赋予权限
# 创建用户组：
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1000 oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1031 dba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1032 oper
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1020 asmadmin
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1021 asmdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1022 asmoper
# 创建用户：
useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba -m -d /home/grid -c "Grid Infrastructure Owner" grid
useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper -m -d /home/oracle -c "Oracle Software Owner" oracle
# 修改用户密码
echo "p#ssw0rd"|passwd --stdin oracle
echo "p#ssw0rd"|passwd --stdin grid
# su测试一下密码是否修改成功
# 检查确认
id oracle
id grid
1.5 配置/etc/pam.d/login
# 添加如下配置，使得/etc/pam.d/login中的限制资源参数生效
session required pam_limits.so
cp -p /etc/pam.d/login{,_$(date +%Y%m%d)}
cat >> /etc/pam.d/login << EOF
session required pam_limits.so
EOF
1.6 配置/etc/security/limits.conf
cp -p /etc/security/limits.conf{,_$(date +%Y%m%d)}
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF
# modify for oracle
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 4096
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768
# modify for grid
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 4096
grid hard nofile 65536
grid soft stack 10240
grid hard stack 32768
oracle soft memlock 1000000
oracle hard memlock 1000000
grid soft memlock 1000000
grid hard memlock 1000000
EOF
# 说明
soft nofile: 可打开的文件描述符的最大数(软限制)
hard nofile：可打开的文件描述符的最大数(硬限制)
soft nproc：单个用户可用的最大进程数量(软限制)
hard nproc：单个用户可用的最大进程数量(硬限制)
# 检查确认oracle用户的配置是否生效
su – oracle
$ ulimit –a
1.7 配置/etc/profile
cp -p /etc/profile{,$(date +%Y%m%d)}
cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
umask 022
fi
EOF
1.8 配置grid、oracle用户环境变量
su - grid
cat << EOF >> ${HOME}/.bash_profile
# GI user environments
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
export ORACLE_BASE=/apps/oracle/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/apps/oracle/11.2.0/grid
export PATH=${PATH}:${ORACLE_HOME}/bin:${ORACLE_HOME}/OPatch
umask 022
EOF
exit
su - oracle
cat << EOF >> ${HOME}/.bash_profile
# DB user environments
export ORACLE_SID=orcl1
export ORACLE_BASE=/apps/oracle/database
export ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_BASE}/11.2/db_1
export GI_HOME=/apps/oracle/11.2.0/grid
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${ORACLE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=${ORACLE_HOME}/bin:${ORACLE_HOME}/OPatch:${GI_HOME}/bin:${HOME}/dba:$PATH
export TNS_ADMIN=${GI_HOME}/network/admin
umask 022
EOF
1.9 创建软件安装目录
#创建目录
mkdir -p /apps/oracle/grid
mkdir -p /apps/oracle/11.2.0/grid
mkdir -p /apps/oracle/oraInventory
chown -R grid:oinstall /apps/oracle
mkdir -p /apps/oracle/database
mkdir -p /apps/oracle/database/11.2/db_1
chown oracle:oinstall /apps/oracle/database
chmod -R 775 /apps/oracle
#检查目录属性，确认修改是否正确
ls -ltrd /apps/oracle/grid /apps/oracle/11.2.0/grid /apps/oracle/database
1.10 配置/etc/sysctl.conf
cp -p /etc/sysctl.conf{,_$(date +%Y%m%d)}
MEMTOTAL=$(free -b | sed -n '2p' | awk '{print $2}')
SHMMAX=$(expr $MEMTOTAL / 2)
SHMMNI=4096
PAGESIZE=$(getconf PAGE_SIZE)
cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf << EOF
# -- The number of asynchronous IO requests at the same time(as per Note 579108.1),for example 1048576 = 1024 * 1024
fs.aio-max-nr = 3145728
# -- 512 * processes (for example 6815744 for 13312 processes)
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmmax = $SHMMAX
kernel.shmall = $(expr ( $SHMMAX / $PAGESIZE ) * ( $SHMMNI / 16 ))
kernel.shmmni = $SHMMNI
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
vm.min_free_kbytes=51200
EOF
1.11 配置ntp服务
# 查看当前时区
cat /etc/sysconfig/clock
# 添加ntp服务器，根据实际环境修改服务地址
vi /etc/ntp.conf
server 127.127.0.1
# 配置ntpd的参数，我们主要强调的是要配置成"微调的模式" 也就是在options中要加入-x的选项
vi /etc/sysconfig/ntpd
OPTIONS="-x -u ntp:ntp -p /var/run/ntpd.pid"
# 开机启动NTPD服务
chkconfig ntpd on
# 重启服务，使最新配置生效
service ntpd restart
# 检查是否生效
ntpq -p
ps -ef |grep ntp|grep -v grep
# 安装完成后需要使用如下命令确认
$ crsctl check ctss
1.12 配置SSH互信
-- 1）人为配置互相
-- grid用户， 分别生成密钥
#su - grid
grid@rac1:~$ mkdir ~/.ssh
grid@rac1:~$ chmod 700 ~/.ssh
grid@rac1:~$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
grid@rac1:~$ ssh-keygen -t dsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa
#su - grid
grid@rac2:~$ mkdir ~/.ssh
grid@rac2:~$ chmod 700 ~/.ssh
grid@rac2:~$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
grid@rac2:~$ ssh-keygen -t dsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa
节点一：
-- 将生成的rsa和dsa密钥复制到authorized_keys
$ cat ~/.ssh/*.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
-- 将节点2的生成的密钥追加到节点1的authorized_keys中，若有多个节点，依次执行
$ ssh node2 "cat ~/.ssh/*.pub" >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
-- 将最终的authorized_keys文件传输到其它所有节点
$ scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys node2:~/.ssh/authorized_keys
-- 修改文件权限
grid@rac1:~/.ssh$ chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
-- oracle用户参照上面步骤配置
-- 互信验证（oracle,grid）所有节点操作
su - grid
export SSH='ssh -o ConnectTimeout=3 -o ConnectionAttempts=5 -o PasswordAuthentication=no -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no'
$ ${SSH} rac1 date
$ ${SSH} rac1-priv date
$ ${SSH} rac2 date
$ ${SSH} rac2-priv date
2）oralce11g可以在安装时进行自动配置ssh，第一次设置，点击“Setup”，设置成功后点击“Test”，成功后需两边节点测试验证互信。
1.13 配置HOTPLUG(Network interface going down when dynamically adding disks to storage using udev in RHEL 6 (Doc ID 1569028.1))
添加HOTPLUG="no"配置到/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts目录下的ifcfg-ethX文件，防止start_udev命令关闭网卡导致VIP漂移或连接异常。
注意确认配置是否生效，可在安装完数据库之后执行start_udev命令确认。
1.14 共享存储配置（RAC环境需要）
--存储规划建议
Ø ocr voting：3个2G的lun，ASM对应划分1个normal的dg
Ø 控制文件：3个2G的lun，ASM对应划分3个dg
Ø redo：2个64G的lun（建议raid 1+0，尽量不用raid5），ASM对应划分2个dg
Ø 数据文件：最多500G 1个lun，ASM对应划分1个dg，注意单个dg不超过10T
-- multipath
chkconfig multipathd on
service multipathd restart
#设置磁盘属性：
#配置/etc/udev/rules.d/12-dm-permissions.rules参数文件
ENV{DM_NAME}=="ocr1", OWNER:="grid", GROUP:="asmadmin", MODE:="640", SYMLINK+="mapper/$env{DM_NAME}"
ENV{DM_NAME}=="ocr2", OWNER:="grid", GROUP:="asmadmin", MODE:="640", SYMLINK+="mapper/$env{DM_NAME}"
ENV{DM_NAME}=="ocr3", OWNER:="grid", GROUP:="asmadmin", MODE:="640", SYMLINK+="mapper/$env{DM_NAME}"
ENV{DM_NAME}=="ctl1", OWNER:="grid", GROUP:="asmadmin", MODE:="660", SYMLINK+="mapper/$env{DM_NAME}"
ENV{DM_NAME}=="ctl2", OWNER:="grid", GROUP:="asmadmin", MODE:="660", SYMLINK+="mapper/$env{DM_NAME}"
ENV{DM_NAME}=="ctl3", OWNER:="grid", GROUP:="asmadmin", MODE:="660", SYMLINK+="mapper/$env{DM_NAME}"
ENV{DM_NAME}=="redo1", OWNER:="grid", GROUP:="asmadmin", MODE:="660", SYMLINK+="mapper/$env{DM_NAME}"
ENV{DM_NAME}=="redo2", OWNER:="grid", GROUP:="asmadmin", MODE:="660", SYMLINK+="mapper/$env{DM_NAME}"
ENV{DM_NAME}=="data1", OWNER:="grid", GROUP:="asmadmin", MODE:="660", SYMLINK+="mapper/$env{DM_NAME}"
ENV{DM_NAME}=="data2", OWNER:="grid", GROUP:="asmadmin", MODE:="660", SYMLINK+="mapper/$env{DM_NAME}"
# 重启udev服务并检查磁盘权限属性
start_udev
ll /dev/mapper/
ll /dev/dm*
--共享存储使用RAW方式
vi /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="emcpowerg", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="emcpowerh", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="emcpoweri", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="emcpowere", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="emcpowerf", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"
RUN+="/bin/sleep 1"
KERNEL=="raw[1-3]*", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="660"
KERNEL=="raw[4-5]*", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660"
2. 安装Oracle数据库
2.1 预检查
su - grid
unzip -qo p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip
./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n node1,node2 -fixup -verbose
2.2 图形界面安装GI软件
以grid用户登录，进入到安装文件解压目录
./runInstaller
…….
-- 用root用户，分别在两个节点执行以下脚本
/oracle/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh
2.3 检查集群状态
gsd为OFFLINE状态正常，配置ntp服务则ora.ctssd为OBSERVER的状态
# su - grid
$ crsctl status res -t -init
$ crsctl status res -t
2.4 创建ASM磁盘组
su – grid
$ asmca
2.5 图形界面安装RDBMS 软件
注意事项：两个DB的安装包需解压在同个目录下。
unzip -qo p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
unzip -qo p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
cd database
./runInstaller
……
--双节点root用户运行脚本
/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
2.6 dbca建库
cd ${ORACLE_HOME}/bin
./dbca
完成建库后，检查数据库所有资源状态：
su - grid
crsctl status res –t
3. 静默安装
3.1 预检查
su - grid
cd grid
./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n node1,node2 -fixup -verbose
3.2 静默安装GI软件
注意：粗体部分根据实际环境进行相应的修改
su - grid
#配置响应文件/home/grid/grid.rsp
cat > ${HOME}/grid_install.rsp << EOF
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_crsinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
oracle.install.option=CRS_CONFIG
oracle.install.asm.OSDBA=asmdba
oracle.install.asm.OSOPER=asmoper
oracle.install.asm.OSASM=asmadmin
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.configureGNS=false
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsSubDomain=
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsVIPAddress=
oracle.install.crs.config.autoConfigureClusterNodeVIP=
oracle.install.crs.config.storageOption=ASM_STORAGE
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.diskDriveMapping=
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.votingDiskLocations=
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.votingDiskRedundancy=NORMAL
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.ocrLocations=
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.ocrRedundancy=NORMAL
oracle.install.crs.config.useIPMI=false
oracle.install.crs.config.ipmi.bmcUsername=
oracle.install.crs.config.ipmi.bmcPassword=
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.name=CRSDG
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.redundancy=NORMAL
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.AUSize=1
oracle.install.crs.upgrade.clusterNodes=
oracle.install.asm.upgradeASM=false
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES
oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
PROXY_HOST=
PROXY_PORT=
PROXY_USER=
PROXY_PWD=
PROXY_REALM=
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/apps/oracle/oraInventory
ORACLE_HOME=/apps/oracle/11.2.0/grid
ORACLE_BASE=/apps/oracle/grid
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=node1
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanName=ora11g-scan
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanPort=1522
oracle.install.crs.config.clusterName=ora11g-cluster
oracle.install.crs.config.clusterNodes=node1:node1-vip,node2:node2-vip
oracle.install.crs.config.networkInterfaceList=eth0:192.168.10.0:1,eth1:172.168.0.0:2
oracle.install.asm.SYSASMPassword=oracle
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.disks=/dev/mapper/asm_crs1,/dev/mapper/asm_crs2,/dev/mapper/asm_crs3
oracle.install.asm.monitorPassword=oracle
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.diskDiscoveryString=/dev/mapper/asm*
EOF
cd /apps/soft/grid
./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -silent -responseFile ${HOME}/grid_install.rsp
#执行正常类似输出如下
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 1632 MB Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 4095 MB Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2017-06-20_08-47-01AM. Please wait ...[grid@node1 grid]$
You can find the log of this install session at:
/apps/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2017-06-20_08-47-01AM.log
The installation of Oracle Grid Infrastructure 11g was successful.
Please check '/apps/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2017-06-20_08-47-01AM.log' for more details.
As a root user, execute the following script(s):
1. /apps/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
2. /apps/oracle/11.2.0/grid/root.sh
Execute /apps/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh on the following nodes:
[node1, node2]
Execute /apps/oracle/11.2.0/grid/root.sh on the following nodes:
[node1, node2]
As install user, execute the following script to complete the configuration.
1. /apps/oracle/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/configToolAllCommands RESPONSE_FILE=<response_file>
Note:
1. This script must be run on the same host from where installer was run.
2. This script needs a small password properties file for configuration assistants that require passwords (refer to install guide documentation).
Successfully Setup Software.
--创建相应文件
cat > ${HOME}/pwdrsp.properties << EOF
oracle.assistants.asm|S_ASMPASSWORD=oracle
oracle.assistants.asm|S_ASMMONITORPASSWORD=oracle
EOF
-- # on the install node host
su - grid
cd /apps/oracle/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs
./configToolAllCommands RESPONSE_FILE=${HOME}/pwdrsp.properties
-- 正常输出如下
Setting the invPtrLoc to /apps/oracle/11.2.0/grid/oraInst.loc
perform - mode is starting for action: configure
Jun 20, 2017 9:33:41 AM oracle.install.driver.oui.config.GenericInternalPlugIn invoke
INFO: Executing ASMCA
Jun 20, 2017 9:33:41 AM oracle.install.driver.oui.config.GenericInternalPlugIn invoke
INFO: Command /apps/oracle/11.2.0/grid/bin/asmca -silent -postConfigureASM -oui_internal
Jun 20, 2017 9:33:41 AM oracle.install.driver.oui.config.GenericInternalPlugIn handleProcess
INFO: ... GenericInternalPlugIn.handleProcess() entered.
Jun 20, 2017 9:33:41 AM oracle.install.driver.oui.config.GenericInternalPlugIn handleProcess
INFO: ... GenericInternalPlugIn: getting configAssistantParmas.
Jun 20, 2017 9:33:41 AM oracle.install.driver.oui.config.GenericInternalPlugIn handleProcess
INFO: ... GenericInternalPlugIn: checking secretArguments.
Jun 20, 2017 9:33:41 AM oracle.install.driver.oui.config.GenericInternalPlugIn handleProcess
INFO: ... GenericInternalPlugIn: starting read loop.
Jun 20, 2017 9:33:45 AM oracle.install.driver.oui.config.GenericInternalPlugIn handleProcess
INFO: Read: SYS_PASSWORD_PROMPT
Jun 20, 2017 9:33:45 AM oracle.install.driver.oui.config.GenericInternalPlugIn handleProcess
INFO: Processing: SYS_PASSWORD_PROMPT for argument tag -sysAsmPassword
Jun 20, 2017 9:33:45 AM oracle.install.driver.oui.config.GenericInternalPlugIn handleProcess
INFO: Read: ASMSNMP_PASSWORD_PROMPT
Jun 20, 2017 9:33:45 AM oracle.install.driver.oui.config.GenericInternalPlugIn handleProcess
INFO: Processing: ASMSNMP_PASSWORD_PROMPT for argument tag -asmMonitorPassword
Jun 20, 2017 9:33:45 AM oracle.install.driver.oui.config.GenericInternalPlugIn handleProcess
INFO: End of argument passing to stdin
Jun 20, 2017 9:33:46 AM oracle.install.driver.oui.config.GenericInternalPlugIn handleProcess
INFO: Read:
Jun 20, 2017 9:33:46 AM oracle.install.driver.oui.config.GenericInternalPlugIn handleProcess
INFO: Read: PostConfiguration completed successfully
Jun 20, 2017 9:33:46 AM oracle.install.driver.oui.config.GenericInternalPlugIn handleProcess
INFO: Read:
perform - mode finished for action: configure
You can see the log file: /apps/oracle/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/oui/configActions2017-06-20_09-32-40-AM.log
[grid@node1 cfgtoollogs]$
3.3 检查集群状态
# su - grid
$ crsctl stat res -t -init
3.4 静默安装RDBMS 软件
注意一下,我们在图形方式安装的时候只要创建ORACLE_BASE目录即可，家目录会自动创建，但静默方式不可以
su - oracle
#编辑配置响应文件db.rsp
su - oracle
cat > ${HOME}/db_install.rsp << EOF
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false
oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oper
oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=
oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=ASM_STORAGE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
PROXY_HOST=
PROXY_PORT=
PROXY_USER=
PROXY_PWD=
PROXY_REALM=
COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES
oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/apps/oracle/oraInventory
ORACLE_HOME=/apps/oracle/database/11.2/db_1
ORACLE_BASE=/apps/oracle/database
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=node1
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=node1,node2
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=ZHS16GBK
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=800
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=DATADG
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=oracle
EOF
#执行静默安装
su - oracle
cd /apps/soft/database/
./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -silent -responseFile ${HOME}/db_install.rsp
-- 正常输出如下
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 22404 MB Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 2970 MB Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2016-04-23_02-36-18PM. Please wait ...[oracle@dciscdb1 ~]$ You can find the log of this install session at:
/oracle/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2016-04-23_02-36-18PM.log
--安装过程10-30分钟
As a root user, execute the following script(s):
1. /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
-- 分别在所有节点上执行root.sh脚本
# /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
3.5 静默DBCA建库
先使用asmca创建ASM卷组，再使用dbca创建数据库
#创建DATA卷
su - grid
$ asmca -silent -createDiskGroup -diskString '/dev/raw/*' -diskGroupName DATA -disk '/dev/raw/raw2' -redundancy EXTERNAL
Disk Group DATA created successfully.
su – oracle
[oracle@node1 ~]$ cat ~/dbca.rsp
[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
[CREATEDATABASE]
GDBNAME = "orcl"
SID = "orcl"
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"
STORAGETYPE=ASM
DISKGROUPNAME=DATADG
NODELIST=node1,node2
CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"
NATIONALCHARACTERSET = "AL16UTF16"
DATABASETYPE = "OLTP"
SYSPASSWORD = "oracle"
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"
ASMSNMP_PASSWORD = "oracle"
[oracle@node1 ~]$
dbca -silent -responseFile ${HOME}/dbca.rsp
-- 检查数据库状态
su – grid
crsctl status res –t –init
crsctl status res -t