Java WebService 教程系列之 Spring 整合 CXF

Java WebService 教程系列之 Spring 整合 CXF

一、引入 jar 包

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
    <artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
    <artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.8</version>
</dependency>

二、创建服务器端程序

1.1 创建接口

@WebService
public interface HelloWebService {

    String sayHello();

    String sayWait();
}

1.2 接口实现类

@WebService(endpointInterface= "com.github.binarylei.webservice.test1.HelloWebService", serviceName="HelloWebService")
public class HelloWebServiceImpl implements HelloWebService {

    @Override
    public String sayHello() {
        System.out.println("hello world!");
        return "hello, binarylei";
    }

    @Override
    public String sayWait() {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000 * 10);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "please, wait me";
    }
}

1.3 Spring 配置文件 spring-context-cxf.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd 
       http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd">

    <bean id="jaxWsServiceFactoryBean" class="org.apache.cxf.jaxws.support.JaxWsServiceFactoryBean">
        <property name="wrapped" value="true" />
    </bean>

    <jaxws:endpoint id="serviceimpl" address="/HelloWebService"
                    implementor="com.github.binarylei.webservice.test1.HelloWebServiceImpl">

        <jaxws:serviceFactory>
            <ref bean="jaxWsServiceFactoryBean" />
        </jaxws:serviceFactory>
    </jaxws:endpoint>
</beans>

1.4 配制 web.xml

在 web.xml 中添加如下配制：

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/service/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

1.4 启动 web 工程

访问 http://localhost:8080/service/ 时，这时浏览器页面会出现：

三、创建客户端程序

public static void main(String[] args) {
    JaxWsProxyFactoryBean factory = new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();
    factory.setServiceClass(MyWebService.class);
    factory.setAddress("http://localhost:8080/service/MyWebService");
    MyWebService service = (MyWebService)factory.create();

    // 返回 "hello, binarylei"
    System.out.println(service.sayHello());
}

若服务无法访问，会抛出 javax.xml.ws.WebServiceException 的异常。

四、客户端超时设置

在使用网络服务时，通常需要为客户端设置请求超时时间，以避免长时间的去连接不可用的服务器。在 CXF 环境中，客户端可以通过两个参数配置超时限制。

下面主要介绍 CXF WebService 客户端如何设置超时时间，以及相关参数的介绍。

public static void main(String[] args) {
    JaxWsProxyFactoryBean factory = new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();
    factory.setServiceClass(MyWebService.class);
    factory.setAddress("http://localhost:8080/service/MyWebService");
    MyWebService service = (MyWebService)factory.create();

    // 设置客户端的配置信息，超时等.
    Client client = ClientProxy.getClient(service);
    HTTPConduit http = (HTTPConduit) client.getConduit();
    HTTPClientPolicy policy = new HTTPClientPolicy();
    policy.setConnectionTimeout(10000); // 连接超时时间
    policy.setReceiveTimeout(5000);     // 请求超时时间.
    http.setClient(policy);

    long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

    try {
        service.sayHello();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        System.out.println(e.getClass().getName());
        if (e.getCause() instanceof SocketTimeoutException) {
            System.out.println("响应超时");
        } else if (e.getCause() instanceof ConnectException) {
            System.out.println("不能连接");
        } else {
            System.out.println("未知错误");
        }
    }
    System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime);
}

超时主要有两个配置：

• ConnectionTimeout: WebService 是基于 TCP 连接的，因此这个属性可以理解为设置 TCP 握手时间，若超出这个时间就认为连接超时。默认的时间单位是毫秒，默认设置是 30000 毫秒，即30秒。

• ReceiveTimeout: 这个属性表示发送 WebService 请求后所等待响应的时间，若超过设置的时间则认为超时。默认的时间单位是毫秒，默认设置是 60000 毫秒，即60秒。

五、踩过的坑

5.1 No bean named 'cxf' is defined

javax.servlet.ServletException: Servlet.init() for servlet [CXFServlet] threw exception
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:478)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:81)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:650)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:342)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:803)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:868)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1459)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Root Cause

org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'cxf' is defined
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeanDefinition(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:698)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(AbstractBeanFactory.java:1175)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:284)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202)
    org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1060)
    org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet.loadBus(CXFServlet.java:80)
    org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFNonSpringServlet.init(CXFNonSpringServlet.java:77)
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:478)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:81)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:650)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:342)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:803)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:868)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1459)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

最后发现没有在 web.xml 中加载 spring-context-cxf.xml ，真是自己坑了自己。

<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:spring-context.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

5.2 java.lang.AbstractMethodError: org.apache.xerces.dom.DeferredDocumentImpl.setXmlStandalone

方法具体的服务(http://localhost:8080/service/HelloWebService?wsdl)时报以下 bug：

javax.servlet.ServletException: Servlet execution threw an exception
    org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
Root Cause

java.lang.AbstractMethodError: org.apache.xerces.dom.DeferredDocumentImpl.setXmlStandalone(Z)V
    org.apache.cxf.frontend.WSDLGetUtils.updateDoc(WSDLGetUtils.java:301)
    org.apache.cxf.frontend.WSDLGetUtils.writeWSDLDocument(WSDLGetUtils.java:674)
    org.apache.cxf.frontend.WSDLGetUtils.getDocument(WSDLGetUtils.java:149)
    org.apache.cxf.frontend.WSDLGetInterceptor.getDocument(WSDLGetInterceptor.java:129)
    org.apache.cxf.frontend.WSDLGetInterceptor.handleMessage(WSDLGetInterceptor.java:77)
    org.apache.cxf.phase.PhaseInterceptorChain.doIntercept(PhaseInterceptorChain.java:308)
    org.apache.cxf.transport.ChainInitiationObserver.onMessage(ChainInitiationObserver.java:121)
    org.apache.cxf.transport.http.AbstractHTTPDestination.invoke(AbstractHTTPDestination.java:252)
    org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.ServletController.invokeDestination(ServletController.java:234)
    org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.ServletController.invoke(ServletController.java:208)
    org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.ServletController.invoke(ServletController.java:160)
    org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFNonSpringServlet.invoke(CXFNonSpringServlet.java:180)
    org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.AbstractHTTPServlet.handleRequest(AbstractHTTPServlet.java:299)
    org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.AbstractHTTPServlet.doGet(AbstractHTTPServlet.java:223)
    javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:635)
    org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.AbstractHTTPServlet.service(AbstractHTTPServlet.java:274)
    org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)

xerces jar 包冲突，我的项目中将之前想入的 xerces 注释的可以正常访问了。

<dependency>
    <groupId>xerces</groupId>
    <artifactId>xerces</artifactId>
    <version>2.4.0</version>
</dependency>

参考：

1. CXF 超时设置： http://blog.csdn.net/bruce_6/article/details/48048153

2. CXF WebService 搭建： http://blog.csdn.net/dongdong9223/article/details/53169020